Surgical diseases

This category covers surgical diseases with symptoms, causes, diagnostics, treatment options, and prevention basics.

Vomiting with appendicitis: when it happens, how to distinguish it from poisoning, and when urgent help is needed

Vomiting with appendicitis is not the main symptom, but rather one of the signs of inflammation of the appendix. The classic presentation in adults is as follows: pain initially appears in the upper abdomen or around the navel, followed by nausea, brief vomiting, and loss of appetite. After a few hours, the pain shifts to the lower right abdomen.

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis

Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare cause of high intestinal obstruction in which the third part of the duodenum is compressed between the abdominal aorta posteriorly and the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly.

Postoperative intestinal paresis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Postoperative intestinal paresis is a temporary slowdown or almost complete cessation of normal gastrointestinal motility after surgery, most often after interventions on abdominal organs.

Ogilvie's syndrome: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and risks of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction

Ogilvie's syndrome is an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction: the colon suddenly expands, causing symptoms similar to mechanical intestinal obstruction, but there is no physical "blockage" in the intestinal lumen.

Intestinal Obstruction Tests: What Tests and Imaging Methods Are Really Needed?

Intestinal obstruction is a condition in which the movement of intestinal contents is severely disrupted or completely stopped. The main symptoms include cramping abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and gas incontinence.

Mixed intestinal obstruction: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Mixed intestinal obstruction is not the most strict international classification term, but a clinical description of a situation where a patient simultaneously exhibits signs of mechanical obstruction and functional inhibition of intestinal motility.

Mesenteric intestinal obstruction: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and disease codes

The term "mesenteric intestinal obstruction" is not a separate standard diagnosis in modern international classifications.

Functional intestinal obstruction: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Functional intestinal obstruction is a condition in which symptoms are similar to those of a common mechanical intestinal obstruction, but there is no physical obstruction in the intestinal lumen.

Intestinal obstruction prevention: how to reduce the risk of adhesions, constipation, hernias, tumors, and recurrent episodes

Intestinal obstruction is not a single disease, but a clinical syndrome in which food, liquid, gas, or stool cannot move normally through the intestines.

Bowel sounds in intestinal obstruction: what the doctor hears and why a stethoscope alone is not enough

Bowel sounds are the sounds produced by the movement of gas, fluid, and contents through the intestines. A doctor listens to them with a stethoscope during an abdominal examination, assessing not only their volume but also their character: normal gurgling sounds, loud rumbling sounds, high-pitched "ringing" sounds, rare faint sounds, or almost complete silence.

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