Infectious and parasitic diseases

How is anthrax diagnosed?

Diagnosis of the cutaneous form of anthrax is established on the basis of characteristic local changes: the presence of a black scab with a corolla of hyperemia ("black charcoal on a red background"), a gelatinous painless edema and regional lymphadenitis, the appearance of common symptoms after the formation of carbuncle. Especially important for diagnosis are epidemiological data (profession, care of livestock, slaughtering, cutting carcasses, working with skins, skins, etc.

Causes of anthrax

The causative agent of anthrax is a large Gram-positive immobile stick of Bacillus .mthracis of the genus Bacillus of the Bacillaceae family, aerobic or facultative anaerobic. It grows on simple nutrient media, with the access of free oxygen forms spores. Under favorable conditions (getting into a living organism) forms a vegetative form. The causative agent contains two capsular polypeptide and one somatic polysaccharide antigens. Produces exotoxin, consisting of protein and lipoprotein, includes a protective antigen.

Anthrax

Anthrax (malignant carbuncle, Anthrax, Pustula Maligna, rag-disease, sorter sorter disease) is an acute saprozonotic infectious disease with a predominantly contact mechanism for the transmission of the pathogen. Most often occurs in benign cutaneous form, less often in generalized form. Take to dangerous infections. The causative agent of anthrax is considered as a biological weapon of mass destruction (bioterrorism).

How is tularemia treated?

Patients with suspicion of tularemia are hospitalized for clinical reasons. Etiotropic treatment of tularemia is carried out with the help of aminoglycosides and tetracyclines (standard of treatment).

How is tularemia diagnosed?

Diagnosis of tularemia is based on clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data. In the general analysis of blood in the initial period, there is normocytosis or a small leukocytosis, an increase in ESR. The period of the height of the disease is characterized by leukopenia with lympho- or monocytosis. Neutrophilic leukocytosis is noted only when buboes are suppurated.

Epidemiology, causes and pathogenesis of tularemia

The cause of tularemia is Francisella tularensis, the genus Francisella. Family Brucellaceae. Gram-negative polymorphic (mainly coccoid) immobilized rod, not forming spores and capsules.

Tularemia

Tularemia (Latin tularemia, plague disease, rabbit fever, small plague, mouse disease, fever fever, epidemic lymphadenitis) is an acute zoonotic bacterial natural focal infectious disease with various mechanisms of transmission of the pathogen. It is characterized by fever, intoxication, inflammatory changes in the entrance gate of infection, regional lymphadenitis.

Brucellosis treatment

The treatment of brucellosis depends on its clinical form. The length of hospitalization is 26 days for patients with acute brucellosis and 30 days for chronic brucellosis.

Diagnosis of brucellosis

For the diagnosis of brucellosis use the following survey standards: general blood test, urine (in dynamics twice), feces for eggs of worms, biochemical blood test (bilirubin concentration, ALT activity, ACT), blood on Brucellae spp., Blood test for Wright reaction, Haddleson, RPGA with brucellosis erythrocyte diagnosticum, Coombs reaction (in dynamics two times)

What causes brucellosis?

The causative agents of brucellosis are representatives of the genus Brucella of the family Brucellaceae. Human brucellosis can be caused by four species of brucella: B. Melitensis, B. Abortus, B. Suis and B. Canis. The most common cause of the disease is Brucella melitensis, which is subdivided into three biotypes.

Health