Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome is based on the presence of clinical components of the metabolic syndrome.
The main external manifestation of insulin resistance is abdominal obesity. This type of adipose tissue is easily determined by calculating the ratio of the circumference of the waist to the hip circumference (OT / OB). The index, exceeding 1.0 in men and women, indicates an abdominal type of obesity. BMI reflects the degree of obesity and is calculated by the following formula:
BMI = weight (kg) / height (m2)
A BMI greater than 25 kg / m2 indicates an excess body weight.
Other basic manifestations of metabolic syndrome:
- blood pressure more than 140/90 mm Hg. P.
- fasting glycemia> 6, 7 mmol / l;
- oral glucose tolerance test (75 g glucose) after 2 hours> 11.1 nmol / l or diagnosed in the past type 2 diabetes mellitus;
- immunoreactive insulin> 111 pmol / l
- triglycerides> 2.3 mmol / l;
- Cholesterol-HDL <0.9 mmol / l
- ОХС> 6,5 mmol / l;
- uric acid> 480 μmol / l,
- fibrinogen> 300 mg%;
- albuminuria> 20 mg / day.
Recommended instrumental methods of research:
- ECG;
- Ultrasound and dopplerographic examination of carotid arteries;
- echocardiography;
- examination of the fundus;
- CT of the abdominal cavity (to assess the amount of abdominal adipose tissue).
Differential diagnosis of metabolic syndrome
Differential diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome should primarily be cited with Cushing's syndrome. To do this, examine the daily excretion of cortisol in the urine, carry out small and large dexamethasone tests, perform CT of the adrenal glands and MRI of the brain.
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