Diagnosis of Campylobacteriosis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Clinical diagnosis of campylobacteriosis is very difficult: it is necessary to take into account epidemiological data (contact with animals, the group nature of the disease).
The diagnosis is confirmed by revealing the pathogen in the native smear of feces by contrast microscopy, isolating it from feces, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, aborted fetal tissue. Crops are produced on special selective solid nutrient media with brilliant green, thioglycollate, or on trypticase soy broth with 5% lamb or horse blood and antibiotics. The serological study method for campylobacteriosis plays an important role in large-scale epidemiological studies, while its significance in the diagnosis of sporadic cases is relatively small. The paired sera are taken at an interval of 10-14 days. In practice, both traditional (RSA, RPGA) and modern techniques (ELISA, IB, immunoelectrophoresis, RLA) are used. The titer of antibodies reaches a maximum only 2 weeks after the onset of the disease, which makes it difficult to diagnose the disease early using the serological method.
Differential diagnosis of campylobacteriosis of the gastrointestinal form should be performed with other gastroenteritis (salmonellosis, Sonne dysentery, rotavirus diseases, gastroenteritis caused by the Norvolk virus and related viruses, poisoning, effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin, etc.). With the development of the syndrome of dehydration, the disease should be distinguished from cholera. With pain in the abdomen (mesadenitis and focal inflammation of the intestine), campylobacteriosis should be differentiated from acute appendicitis and pancreatitis.
A surgeon's consultation may be required to rule out acute appendicitis and pancreatitis.
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