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Diagnosis and treatment of respiratory syncytial infection
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Diagnosis of respiratory syncytial infection
Respiratory syncytial infection is diagnosed on the basis of a characteristic clinical picture of bronchiolitis with obstructive syndrome, severe oxygen deficiency at low or normal body temperature, with the corresponding epidemic situation - the emergence of a mass one-type disease mainly among young children.
For laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis, virus isolation from nasopharyngeal washings on tissue culture and the growth of complement-binding and virus neutralizing antibodies in paired sera are used. For express diagnostics use the method of fluorescent antibodies.
Differential diagnostics
Respiratory syncytial infection is differentiated with adenovirus infection and other SARS, as well as with whooping cough and mycoplasmal infection. Adenovirus infection affects the mucous membrane of the eyes. In whooping cough, catarrhal phenomena are absent, body temperature is almost always normal, paroxysmal spasmodic cough with reprises increases gradually, reaching maximum severity by the end of the 2nd week of the disease, and with respiratory syncytial infection, cough, although it is paroxysmal, but no apnea, and maximum development he reaches on the 3rd-5th day of illness and is quickly resolved. In whooping cough, lymphocytic hyperleukocytosis is noted with low ESR.
Mycoplasma infection mainly affects the lung tissue, dyspnea is not expressed, in the blood neutrophil shift left, ESR is increased. However, it is difficult to clinically differentiate a respiratory syncytial infection with acute respiratory diseases of another etiology. Finally, the etiology of the disease is established when obtaining the results of laboratory studies.
Treatment of respiratory syncytial infection
In most cases, treatment is done at home. Assign arbidol, anaferon child, kagocel, gepon or other immunocorrecting agents, as well as bed rest, sparing a full-fledged diet, symptomatic remedies, as with other ARVI. In obstructive syndrome, euphyllin is given with dimedrol or other antihistamine drugs. Mucaltin is shown, a mixture with an althaeum, thermopsis, sodium bicarbonate. In severe cases, hospitalization is necessary. When combined obstructive syndrome with pneumonia, antibiotics are prescribed.
The forecast is favorable.
Prevention
Early isolation of the patient, ventilation of premises, wet cleaning with disinfectants are important. Specific prophylaxis is not developed. All children who have contact with patients can be sprayed into the nose with interferon.
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