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Damage to muscles: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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[What causes muscle ruptures?
Muscle ruptures occur with excessive tension or at the moment of impact on the contracting muscle. However, more frequent damage from sudden and severe muscle strain. With such a mechanism of injury, any muscle can suffer, although in clinical practice it is observed mainly ruptures of the biceps brachii muscle, the rectus muscle of the thigh, the gastrocnemius, rarely the triceps muscle of the shoulder, deltoid and other muscles. Typically, the destruction of the muscle occurs at the point of transition to the tendon, i.e. At a point where elasticity is already lost, and strength has not yet reached the tendon.
Symptoms of muscle ruptures
Anamnesis
In the history - indication of trauma, severe pain at the time of injury and loss of functions of the injured muscle. At this point, patients hear a crunch at the site of the injury.
Examination and physical examination
In the area of rupture, examination reveals edema of the tissues and bruising. The severed abdomen can often be determined visually. Also, it is palpated under the skin as a dense nodule, the size of which increases when trying to strain the muscle; muscle functions are significantly impaired. In addition, palpated zapadenie at the point of rupture (should be compared with a healthy limb).
Laboratory and instrumental research
Electromyography above the zone of injury in the acute stage gives an increase in biopotentials followed by their decrease in the chronic period. Below the level of rupture, a sharp decrease in biopotentials is immediately recorded, right up to the alignment of the electromyographic curve.
Treatment of muscle ruptures
Conservative treatment of muscle ruptures
Conservative treatment is used more often with incomplete muscle ruptures. It consists in immobilizing the limb with a gypsum lancing in the position of the greatest relaxation of the affected muscle with the grip of the above and below the joint. It is advisable to begin the cold on the area of trauma with irrigation with chloroethyl. On the 3rd day UHF is appointed. Immobilization lasts 3-4 weeks with partial ruptures, 4-6 weeks - with full. Then they begin rehabilitative treatment (exercise therapy, physiotherapy) with gradually increasing physical exertion.
Surgical treatment of muscle ruptures
Surgical treatment of muscle ruptures in the early stages consists in the stitching of the ruptured muscle, in the late period (due to its retraction and degeneration), this operation can not be performed. Perform a plastic muscle repair.