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Coxsackie infection: antibodies to Coxsackie viruses in blood
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025

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Coxsackie viruses are represented by two groups: Coxsackie A group, including 23 serovariants (A1-A22.4), and Coxsackie B group, including 6 serovariants (B1-B6). Coxsackie A and B viruses cause poliomyelitis-like diseases in humans; in 20-40% of patients under 20 years of age, the infection is complicated by myocarditis. There is some connection between the serovariant of the virus and the nature of the clinical manifestations of the infection. Thus, Coxsackie A16 virus causes damage to the oral mucosa, paresis of the limbs, Coxsackie A24 - acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, Coxsackie from B1 to B5 - pericarditis, myocarditis and fulminant encephalomyocarditis. Serological methods are used to diagnose Coxsackie infection - RSK, RTGA and neutralization reaction.
Using the CSC, RTGA and neutralization reaction, antibodies to Coxsackie viruses are detected in the blood serum. Paired sera are examined during the acute period of infection and 2-3 weeks after the onset of the disease. An increase in the antibody titer by at least 4 times indicates infection. It should be noted that such changes in titer can be detected very rarely, so evaluating the results of the studies causes great difficulties. CSC allows for the detection of specific antibodies separately to each serovar of the Coxsackie B virus (from B1 to B6).
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