Coccyx cyst

People have such congenital anomalies with which he lives for a long time and does not suspect anything at all. Such a defect as the coccyx cyst, which arises from the fact that the soft tissues in the sacrococcygeal region developed incorrectly, belongs to this.

The tailbone cyst is manifested mainly in young people aged 15-30 years, often in males.

[1], [2]

Causes of coccyx cyst

The coccyx cyst is a congenital phenomenon, but there are factors that provoke its appearance:

• mechanical injuries;
• infectious diseases;
• hypothermia;
• decreased immunity.

[3],

Coccyx cyst in men

It is universally believed that the tailbone cyst appears only in males. But in fact, this is fundamentally wrong. The thing is, the epithelial coccygeal tract of men have a greater probability of inflammation. According to an approximate calculation, men suffer from coccyx cyst 3-4 times more often than women. But the likelihood of the appearance of an epithelial coccygeal in a woman in an interannual fold is exactly the same as that of a strong half of humanity. Only now he is infected with a stronger sex more often.

[4], [5]

Symptoms of the coccyx cyst

When the coccyx cyst is formed:

• there is a small painless infiltration;
• there is a foreign object in the area of the interannual fold, movement causes discomfort;
• during the sitting, the coccyx hurts;
• the body temperature rises;
• in the coccyx region, the skin swells, there is redness.

To diagnose the coccyx cyst, usually does not take a lot of time, special techniques are not used here. But to determine the exact diagnosis, a doctor is absolutely necessary: only he can understand where the coccygeal cyst is, and where other diseases. The place where inflammation is localized, and indicates a diagnosis. In addition, the person is tormented by aching and pulling pain, the intensity of which increases, when sitting or lying down on his back, and also when touched.

The main signs of coccyx cyst:

• swelling or swelling between the buttocks, slightly upward from the coccyx, above the anus. An inflamed place can be of different size and shape, and also cross the line of the interannual fold to the left or to the right.
• on the line between the buttocks there is a hole from which pus or a colorless infiltrate can be allocated.
• there may also be a secondary aperture or a plurality of secondary openings. The epithelial coccygeal passage can have many outlets, especially it worsens during inflammation. From the outlet, the discharge may trickle, ie it is active, or it may be passive, scarred. Such a hole is usually located near the first, a few centimeters from it.

If an infection penetrates through the opening of the epithelial coccygeal pathway, then there is a high probability that acute inflammation of the coccyx cyst will develop. The temperature can rise, the skin swells near the opening, its hyperemia is observed.

Dermoid coccyx cyst

In medical theory, the epithelial coccygeal passage and the dermoid cyst are completely different phenomena, but general practitioners regard them as one diagnosis. The epithelial coccygeal path differs from the dermoid coccyx cyst in that, when it develops, a hole appears in the man in the inter-saline fold. Although due to extensive suppuration in very rare cases, the opening can be veiled. When a person has a dermoid cyst, the tumor necessarily contains a clear-cut capsule. Sometimes the capsule breaks, in which case the only difference between the epithelial coccygeal pathway and the dermoid cyst is the presence or absence of an opening.

[6], [7]

Consequences of the coccyx cyst

If the tailbone cyst has not been completely cured, the following consequences are possible:

• secondary fistula, often not even one, but multiple;
• recurrent abscess;
• phlegmon (purulent inflammation).

[8], [9], [10]

Complications of the coccyx cyst

Complications of the coccyx cyst are observed in two stages: acute (chronic) inflammation (fistula), as well as remission. If there is a delay in the release of the products of the vital activity of the epithelium from the epithelial coccygeal path, a small painless infiltrate appears that has clear contours and often hinders during movements. When an infection gets through the hole, acute inflammation develops accompanied by pain, the temperature rises, the skin swells around the opening, its hyperemia is observed.

Diagnosis-complications of the coccyx cyst:

• purulent abscess;
• eczema of the skin;
• fistula.

When the inflammation of the epithelial coccygeal path is chronic, this does not affect the overall condition of the patient, the allocation is rather scarce, there is no swelling and hyperemia of the skin. Some of the secondary holes can even heal, while others - continue to function.

If the inflammatory process is several (or even many) months is in remission, then the secondary hole (or several) is scarred; when pressure is exerted on the epithelial coccygeal, there is no discharge, and there is no possibility of introducing a probe.

The patient, and especially the doctor, you need to be very careful not to confuse the coccyx cyst with cyst formations, fistulas of the rectum, pyoderma with fistula, osteomyelitis of the sacrum and coccyx bones. To establish an accurate and correct diagnosis, it is recommended to use sigmoidoscopy, as well as to study the epithelial coccygeal path using a probe. If the sounding showed that the course lies towards the chair or coccyx, then as an addition, x-rays of the chair and coccyx are prescribed to exclude osteomyelitis of the bones.

[11]

Coccygeal cyst and cancer

Domestic medical practice has not seen cases of cancer development from the coccyx cyst, but it does not hurt to study remote tissues, as foreign literature describes cases when the coccyx cyst has turned into cancer. If the disease is not treated for a long time (more than twenty years) and ulcers and fistulas frequently recur, the development of squamous cell carcinoma may well be the case.

[12], [13]

Suppuration of the coccyx cyst

Epithelial motion (coccyx cyst, dermoid coccyx, coccyx pilonidal cyst) is a narrow tube that is located in the middle of the interannual fold. It opens on the skin as one or more holes. They for a long time do not appear at all. However, due to injuries, inflammation of the coccyx cyst develops, which contributes to the appearance of purulent discharge, because of which the course expands and collapses. Inflammation manifests itself on surrounding tissues, which affects the formation of the abscess, which breaks out. Thus, this leads to the appearance of another hole.

Treatment of coccyx cyst

The most important point when a doctor prescribes an antibiotic for the treatment of coccyx cysts is the type and type of microorganism that caused inflammation of the coccyx cyst. This requires a long and often expensive laboratory test. Because many doctors just prescribe one of the broad-spectrum antibiotics. The disadvantages of such drugs are in strong side effects and low effectiveness. And if the antibiotic has been able to eliminate discomfort, it is still only a temporary measure, giving only a small delay of surgery and alleviating the painful sensations caused by the tailbone cyst.

The use of anti-inflammatory drugs makes it possible to eliminate pain and resist the inflammation of the coccyx cyst. But they only relieve symptoms, because their use is even more unreliable and temporary, even antibiotics. In any case, surgery is necessary.

There are a number of specialists who advise using hair depilation creams to get rid of them in the sacrococcygeal region. In their opinion, this way it is possible to positively influence the course of the disease.

Inflammation and the processes associated with it lead to the formation of an abscess in the coccyx region (an abscess with purulent contents). There are two variants of the development of events: when he is opened by a doctor and when by natural means. In any of these cases, the pain, as well as the inflammation, externally go away, the wounds are closed, even there are situations that the fistula is not formed. However, this is only a visible well-being. The fact is that under such circumstances the coccyx cyst is not cured to the end - the hearth is preserved and after a while it will become aggravated again.

Operative treatment of coccyx cyst

In order to completely get rid of the tailbone cyst, a radical surgical operation is necessary to remove the coccyx cyst. The surgeon removes the source that caused the inflammation, the epithelial canal and its primary and secondary openings. The effect to date brings only surgical treatment of the coccyx cyst.

Doctors treating coccygeal cysts

To begin with, you should consult a therapist on your site who will be able to assess which surgeon you should contact and send for diagnosis in a specialized proctology department. Treatment should be conducted under the supervision of an experienced proctologist, although at first glance it may seem that this specialist has nothing to do with the tailbone, because the disease has nothing to do with the anus. But the peculiarity of the structure of the sacro-gluteal region and the likelihood of recurrence of the coccygeal cyst after surgery relate this disease to the area of the doctor-proctologist.

[14],

Preparing for an operation to remove the coccyx cyst

The operation to excise the coccygeal cyst is usually not sudden and urgent - this is most often a planned event. Therefore, after the diagnosis is established, the patient has several days or even weeks to prepare for the operation.

The surgeon who will perform the operation, it is good to clarify the following points:

• What period of time after the surgery will you have to spend in the hospital? The fact is that depending on the method used, and what exactly your circumstances are, the recovery time and hospital need will be different. Sometimes the patient is released home the same day, then you just need to come to the dressings and consultations. If the situation is very complicated or complications occur, sometimes even a few weeks in the hospital.
• How long will it be impossible to sit after surgery? This is one of the most important questions that need to be clarified by the doctor. Naturally, everything again depends on your specific circumstances. Often this period is delayed by two weeks, but in general, there may be more or less in time.
• When will the work capacity resume? Depending on the nature of your activity, the surgeon will be able to assess how soon you will be able to return to work.
• How likely are relapses of coccygeal moves? As a rule, no one can guarantee that the tailbone cyst does not arise again. The possibility of relapse is affected by the operation method, the qualification of the surgeon, the correctness of the postoperative recovery.

Operation to remove the coccyx cyst

The operation to remove the coccyx cyst is performed when a remission occurs, although sometimes and when there is an exacerbation. Do local or general anesthesia, undergoes an operation of 20-60 minutes.

In order to heal the coccyx cyst in full, it is necessary to promptly intervene. And all without exception with uncomplicated disease and at any stage of inflammation of the epithelial coccygeal path. The earlier the doctor cuts out the coccyx cyst, the less time it takes for the organism to recover completely, and there will be less likelihood that there will be relapses and complications. As practice shows, the experience of the surgeon also plays an important role: in the non-specialized surgical departments that performed operations to remove the coccyx cyst, relapses occur much more often than after the excision of the coccyx cyst in an experienced surgeon-proctologist. In addition to this, surgeons know modern methods of removing coccyx cysts that favor rapid recovery. Surgeons, in their turn, can be with these methods and are not familiar.

In addition, there are modern methods of surgical intervention in the tailbone cyst, which can significantly reduce the recovery time. A surgeon who does not specialize in operating the coccygeal cyst may not own them.

The operation to excise the coccyx cyst takes place under both local anesthesia and anesthesia. Local anesthesia is usually enough. However, at the request of the patient or with complex epithelial movements, general anesthesia can be carried out. The operation lasts depending on the stage of the disease and the method of operation: from 20 minutes to an hour. The meaning of the operation is to remove the epithelial canal with the outlets. Usually, the operation to remove the coccyx cyst is tolerated by patients quite easily. After a planned operation during the remission period, the wound heals within a month, and the work capacity is restored within 1-3 weeks.

After the operation, the patient is in the hospital from several hours to several days before the complete stabilization of the condition.

In the first day the patient is prescribed a bed rest, the second one can already get up. Walk recommend for 4-5 days. On the 10-14th day, seams are removed. 3 weeks after the operation, in no case should you sit and lift weights.

Postoperative therapy includes antibiotics and pain medication. Dressings are performed daily under periodic monitoring and supervision of the surgeon for a long time - until the condition of the postoperative wound is completely stabilized.

The inflamed epithelial coccygeal will sooner or later become inflamed again. The constant infection of the subcutaneous coccyx tracts requires surgical intervention. Other methods of treatment of coccyx cysts can give only a temporary effect, and may lead to complications due to a prolonged failure of the operation. According to specialists, the operation to excise the coccyx cyst is the only method to completely get rid of this disease. This disease is not fatal, with it you can live even a period, eliminating the symptoms, but still there will come a time when you have to come to the solution of the problem with the help of the operation. The fact is that every time the coccyx cyst is inflamed again, the situation will become more complicated, it will be more difficult to restore work capacity and take a longer period of time. The operation completely eliminates the problem, to transfer the discomfort from inflammation - the test is much more complicated.

Methods of excising the coccygeal cyst

The method of removing the coccyx cyst depends on how much the epithelial coccygeal is complicated, where the site of its localization. Given all this and much more, the surgeon determines which method to remove the coccyx cyst. Until now, none of the existing methods is basic and not universally accepted.

Existing methods of surgery to remove the coccyx cyst:

• when the wound is open. Relapses in this case are the least likely, the recovery of the body takes about two months. This method is used when there is a complicated form of coccygeal cyst. The doctor removes the coccyx cyst completely, sutures the wound to the bottom, creating a natural drainage. After the operation, the patient should be under the supervision of a doctor.
• when the wound is closed. With this method, relapse is more likely, but the operation brings less discomfort and it takes much less time to recover after it. Especially this method is effective when the disease is at the stage of remission - then the relapse is the least likely. The surgeon completely excises the coccyx cyst, sutures the wound and leaves a hole to drain. After eight days - two weeks, the seams are removed. Until the wound completely heals, it is daily bandaged.
• Basco method. In this operation, the wound is also closed. The essence of this method is that the coccygeal cyst is excised under the skin in the direction from the primary hole to the secondary one. During the operation, the primary hole is fully sewn, in the secondary drainage is left to remove the infiltrate due to it.
• the Karidakis method. It is not entirely correct to call this method the name of only this specialist, since Dr. Bascom also has a direct relationship to him. In some medical reference books, this method is also called the Bascom method. But the operation here is very different. A patch of skin and a coccyx cyst are completely removed, the entire affected area is slightly shifted, and the entire wound goes to the line between the buttocks. It is widely believed that in this way the patient is more likely to recover from surgery, in addition, relapses and complications occur less frequently.

Prices for an operation to remove the coccyx cyst

The cost of surgery to remove the coccygeal cyst varies depending on many of the attendant factors: the city, the specific clinic and the specific surgeon, the method by which the excision of the coccygeal cyst will be performed. However, in general this is not the most complex and relatively accessible surgical procedure. The average running cost is 200-1000 USD. The amount may increase depending on the complications, the complexity of the epithelial course, if preoperative sanitation is required, etc. In addition, the earlier the patient sought medical help, the more likely the amount for the operation would be needed less.

However, to determine exactly how much money you need for an operation to excise the coccygeal cyst, only the surgeon who will directly deal with your case will be able to.

Postoperative period with coccyx cyst

The wound heals within four weeks, after two days the patient is up, in four or five days walks, sitting position is contraindicated for another three weeks. After the operation to remove the coccyx cyst, treatment with medications (antibiotics, anesthetics) is performed, the wound is bandaged, possibly the application of physiotherapy procedures, so that the wound soon heals.

The operation eliminates the coccyx cyst, after it relapses usually do not occur.

Postoperative difficulties

Many people ask themselves how to get home after the operation, if you can not sit after removing the coccygeal cyst? You can not drive yourself on your own. Public transport is a likely option, if there is an opportunity to stand. Although here it is worth considering how comfortable you will be after the operation to be in public transport. But the ideal option - if someone from your relatives takes you by car, or take a taxi. Thus, you can lie down in the back seat, and in the "lying" position, so that the coccyx is not loaded, you will be taken home.

In the event that this option is not possible for you, it is worthwhile to stay in the hospital at the hospital, since the load on the coccyx at the first time after the operation is contraindicated.

Before operation it is recommended to make an enema. Many argue that without this you can do without. Yes, the anal opening is located far enough from the coccygeal cyst, so the secretions and pathogenic flora do not affect the course of the operation. But after the surgery, it is problematic to go to the toilet "in large". With enema, you can clean the intestines and not worry about this need for the first time after the operation. Modern drugs make it possible to conduct this operation painlessly, quite comfortably and quickly.

Treatment of coccyx cyst alternatives

As in most other cases, alternative medicine makes it possible to relieve the appearance of the coccyx cyst, but they do not relieve inflammation and do not break down with the hearth. Because they can be used as an additional treatment, temporarily, and also to reduce discomfort before the operation.

Alternative medicine for the treatment of coccyx cysts uses compresses. There are the following recipes:

• two tablespoons of butter + one tablespoon of tar.
• propolis tincture. Compress from it is kept in a sick place for two to three hours, daily for a week.
• a hive from the hive is applied to the coccyx at night for a week.