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Classification of metal products
Last reviewed: 20.11.2021
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With the long stay of a chemically active foreign body in the shells and liquids of the eyeball, a complex of the same type of dystrophic changes arises, the presence of which is crucial in determining the tactics of treating the consequences of such trauma to the eye.
In the classification of metallurgy four main stages of the pathological process are distinguished.
- Stage I (latent, latent, period) - there are no clinical changes of the eye, characteristic of siderosis and alkolosis, no dystrophic changes, visual acuity up to 1.0, visual field normal. Characteristic for metalloza changes are absent; There are foreign bodies, a scar of the cornea, a hole in the iris, traumatic cataracts, minor changes in the vitreous (traumatic), revealed in the light slit lamp.
- II stage - initial metallosis - mild initial changes in one or two membranes of the eye, visual acuity up to 1.0, the visual field is normal. This stage is characterized by dusty deposits on the iris, small and single pigment deposits on the lens capsule, small pigmentation on the posterior surface of the cornea, changes in the iris-corneal angle in the form of a weak endogenous pigmentation of the helmet canal, mildly pronounced with biomicroscopy of the change of the vitreous in the form initial granular or filamentous destruction, initial changes in the retina, a slight decrease in electrical sensitivity, lability,
- III stage - advanced metallosis of the eye - expressed degenerative changes of two or three shells of the eyeball, visual acuity is reduced to 0.5-0.6. The field of view is narrowed by 10 °.
There are pronounced changes in the anterior part of the eye (cornea, iris, lens) and the retina. The change in the color of the iris and the deposition of pigment on the anterior capsule of the lens are not in the form of separate clumps, but already in the form of sidereal idi chalcotic cataracts; changes in the iris and lens, or the lens and vitreous, or the lens and retina. In the vitreous body - degenerative changes in the form of cotton-like opacities, flakes, developed retinal metallosis.
- Stage IV - far-reaching metallosis of the eye - gross, pronounced degenerative changes in all shells and liquids of the eyeball, decreased lability and sensitivity, visual acuity reduced to light-sensitivity - 0.1, field of vision narrowed to 10 ° or more or absent. Abundant diffuse deposition of pigment in the iris, clouding of the lens. At this stage of the process, there are severe complications that develop with prolonged exposure in the eye of a chemically active foreign body, such as increased intraocular pressure, vitreous retina and retinal detachment.
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