Medical expert of the article
New publications
Classification of arterial hypotension
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
All iLive content is medically reviewed or fact checked to ensure as much factual accuracy as possible.
We have strict sourcing guidelines and only link to reputable media sites, academic research institutions and, whenever possible, medically peer reviewed studies. Note that the numbers in parentheses ([1], [2], etc.) are clickable links to these studies.
If you feel that any of our content is inaccurate, out-of-date, or otherwise questionable, please select it and press Ctrl + Enter.
At the present time several classifications of hypotonic states have been proposed. The first classification was made at the XXth International Congress in Montpellier (France) in 1926, according to which primary and secondary arterial hypotension was identified. The most practical application was found in the NS classification. Molchanov (1962). The advantage of this classification is the isolation of the concept of physiological hypotension.
Classification of hypotonic states (according to NS Molchanov)
Physiological hypotension:
- hypotension as an individual variant of the norm;
- hypotension of increased fitness (in athletes);
- adaptive compensatory hypotension in the highlands.
Pathological hypotension.
- Primary arterial hypotension (neurocirculatory hypotension):
- with unstable reversible current;
- pronounced persistent form (hypotonic disease);
- with orthostatic syndrome.
- Symptomatic (secondary) arterial hypotension:
- acute;
- chronic;
- with pronounced orthostatic syndrome.
Arterial hypotension is regarded as physiological in the absence of clinical manifestations of the disease: no complaints, as well as symptoms of autonomic dysfunction. In this case, the lowered arterial pressure can be considered as the age norm.
Arterial hypotension is regarded as primary in the case of predominance in the clinical picture of severe dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.
Arterial hypotension is regarded as secondary, or symptomatic, if it occurs against the background of kidney disease, the endocrine system (hypothyroidism, Addison's disease), gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system (congenital and acquired heart defects, myocarditis, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, exudative pericarditis), CNS, medication intake.
Types of arterial hypotension, depending on the presence of circulatory disorders of the brain:
- without disturbances of cerebral circulation;
- with a dynamic impairment of cerebral circulation.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]