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Classification of allergic rhinitis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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For many years they have been discussing the classification of allergic rhinitis, including in children.
Factors determining the features of the classification of allergic rhinitis in childhood.
- Features of allergic rhinitis in different periods of childhood.
- The great importance of the hereditary factor.
- The importance of obstetric and pediatric history.
- The difference between the immunological status of children and adults.
- Features of anatomical and physiological conditions of child development.
- Children's infections.
- Other concomitant diseases of ENT organs (for example, adenoids).
- Other associated allergic diseases (eg, false cereals).
- Difference in the nature and types of allergens.
- Difference during the disease, instrumental methods of diagnosis and a rhinoscopic picture.
- The predominance of the functional pathology of the nasal cavity over the organic (edema, the absence of true hypertrophy, sclerotic changes in the mucus membrane).
Restrictions in treatment related to:
- side effects;
- great danger of development of systemic disorders;
- methodical difficulties of local treatment in a child.
There are acute episodic, seasonal and persistent allergic rhinitis.
- Acute episodic allergic rhinitis. Occurs with episodic contact with inhalant allergens (for example, the protein of the saliva of the cat, the protein of the urine of rats, the products of the life-activity of house dust mites).
- Seasonal allergic rhinitis. Symptomatic appears during flowering of plants (trees and grasses), which release causative allergens.
- All-year-round allergic rhinitis. Symptoms occur more than 2 hours a day or at least 9 months per year. Persistent allergic rhinitis usually occurs when sensitized to household allergens (house dust mites, cockroaches, animal dander).
According to the consensus document of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, EAACI, "the ARIA" (Allergic rhinitis and ITS impact on asthma - Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) adopted the concept of "common respiratory system, a common disease."
The new classification of AR is based on determining the duration of its symptoms and subjective assessment of the effect of this disease on the quality of life of patients.
Classification of allergic rhinitis downstream
- Intermittent (seasonal, acute, accidental) - symptoms <4 days a week or <4 weeks.
- Persistent (year-round, chronic, prolonged) - symptoms> 4 days a week or> 4 weeks. (Remember, the persistent nature of the course is possible with seasonal allergic rhinitis!)
Classification of allergic rhinitis by severity
- Lung: normal sleep; normal daily activities, sports, recreation; normal professional activity or study at school; absence of painful symptoms.
- Medium / heavy: Symptoms occur that lead to the appearance of at least one of such signs as a violation of sleep, daily activity, inability to exercise, normal rest; Violations of professional activity or study at school.
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