Chronic cholecystitis - Classification

There is no generally accepted classification of chronic cholecystitis. The most modern and complete is the classification of J. S. Zimmerman.

By etiology and pathogenesis.

1. Bacterial.
2. Viral.
3. Parasitic.
4. Non-microbial (“aseptic”, immunogenic).
5. Allergic.
6. "Enzymatic".
7. Of unknown etiology.

By clinical forms.

1. Chronic acalculous cholecystitis.
2. With a predominance of the inflammatory process.
3. With a predominance of dyskinetic phenomena.
4. Chronic calculous cholecystitis.

According to the type of dyskinesia.

1. Impaired contractile function of the gallbladder.
   1. Hyperkinesis of the gallbladder.
   2. Hypokinesis of the gallbladder - without changing its tone (normotonia), with a decrease in tone (hypotension).
2. Violation of the tone of the sphincter apparatus of the biliary tract:
   1. Hypertonicity of the sphincter of Oddi.
   2. Hypertonicity of the sphincter of Lutkens.
   3. Hypertonicity of both sphincters.

By the nature of the flow.

1. Rarely recurring (favorable course).
2. Frequently recurring (persistent course).
3. Constant (monotonous) flow.
4. Masking (atypical course).

By phases of the disease.

1. Exacerbation phase (decompensation).
2. Phase of fading exacerbation (subcompensation).
3. Remission phase (compensation - stable, unstable).

Main clinical syndromes.

1. Painful.
2. Diseptic.
3. Vegetative dystonia.
4. Right-sided reactive (irritative).
5. Premenstrual tension.
6. Solar.
7. Cardialgic (cholecystocardial).
8. Neurotic-neurosis-like.
9. Allergic.

Degrees of severity.

1. Easy
2. Moderate severity.
3. Heavy.

Complications.

1. Reactive pancreatitis (cholepancreatitis).
2. Diseases of the digestive system
3. Reactive hepatitis.
4. Pericholecystitis.
5. Chronic duodenitis and periduodenitis.
6. Chronic duodenal stasis.
7. Others.

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