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The causative agent of adiospiromycosis
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Adiaspiromycosis (synonym: haplomycosis) - chronic mycosis with predominant lung involvement .
Morphology
Emmorisia crescens and E. Parva are dimorphic fungi. The mycelial form of these fungi is identical. Mycelium rarely septate. Microconidia of 2-4 microns, sometimes 5-6 microns, are formed on conidiophores singly or in short chains. It is possible to attach the aleuria or their clusters to the mycelium without conidiophores, the tissue non-fissile form of the adiospore fungus develops in the anamnesis. The adiaspores of E. Crescens are multinucleated, with a diameter of 700 μm, a single core, with a diameter of 40 μm.
Culture properties
Not undemanding to a nutrient substrate. They grow well on simple nutrient media. They grow in a wide range of temperatures - from 4 to 30 ° C in a wide range of pH of the medium.
Ecological niche is the soil. E. Parva prevails in arid ranks.
Sustainability in the environment is high. The ability to grow at low temperatures ensures the elimination of the competitive effect of normal soil microflora.
Sensitivity to antiseptics and disinfectants. Sensitive to the action of commonly used antiseptics and disinfectants.
[The pathogenesis of adiaspiroamycosis
In natural conditions, infection is carried out by aleuria, which, because of their small size, can penetrate the respiratory system down to the alveoli. Inhaled aleuria settles in the small bronchi and alveoli, causing a minimal tissue reaction to the foreign body. Aleuria are transformed into adiapores, which, increasing in size, cause the growth of connective tissue. The severity of the disease depends on the massive mass of the lungs; the severity of fibrosis determines the degree of cardiopulmonary insufficiency. In addition to the lungs, the pathogen can penetrate into damaged tissues when the wounds contaminate the soil. Immunity cellular. The tension and duration of it have not been studied. Clinical picture. When forming a single adiaspore (solitary type), the infection is asymptomatic; A massive hit of aleuria leads to disseminated lesions. The disease in such cases can proceed according to the type of bronchopneumonia of unclear etiology, tuberculosis, allergic alveolitis, hemosiderosis, reticulosis, sarcoidosis with the phenomena of pulmonary insufficiency and subfebrile condition. Pathognomonic symptomatology is absent.
Epidemiology of Adiaspyroamycosis
Adiaspiromycosis is sapronosis. The source of the causative agent of infection is the soil. A sick person is not dangerous to others, the death of infected animals can lead to the formation of additional foci of mushroom reproduction in the soil. The transmission mechanism is aerogenic, the transmission path is air-dust. The susceptibility of the population is universal.