Bruise: symptoms

The bruise of the symptoms is diverse, but it is necessary to recognize and distinguish them in order not to miss extensive hematomas, stagnant hemorrhages and more serious damage to soft tissues. A bruise is in vain considered a minor trauma, which can be missed and left unattended.

Indeed, many bruises are accompanied by weak transient pain sensations, bruises, which in ten days begin to disappear without a trace. Nevertheless, the consequences of injury can be more serious than they seem at first glance. These are soft tissue ruptures, damage to the organs of the body, various hidden fractures and cracks in the osseous system, concussion.

Typical symptoms of a simple injury are as follows: 

• When the attack comes a sharp pain, which gradually subsides; 
• Literally in a few minutes the place of the bruise begins to swell and swell; 
• The bruise appears sometimes not at once, it all depends on the impact force, but typical bruises are always accompanied by small hemorrhages in the subcutaneous tissue; 
• On the second or third day there may be a hematoma - the accumulation of blood from damaged capillaries and vessels under the skin.

More specific signs of bruise, differentiated by parts of the body: 

• Injury of fingers, bruised fingers. Usually the most vulnerable parts of the fingers are the phalanges and fingertips. If the tip of the finger is damaged, the hematoma develops under the fingernail for an hour, since it is in this area that there are a lot of tiny blood vessels. The hematoma is so extensive that it can lift the nail plate. A bruise of the fingers is accompanied by quite strong pain sensations. After a few weeks the tissue under the fingernail dies off, the nail descends and a new nail plate gradually builds up in its place. 
• Contusion of the sternum is accompanied not only by severe pain, but also by a feeling of lack of air. The greatest danger is the trauma of the middle of the chest, since such damage can cause fracture of the costal bone and even hemorrhage into the pleural region. If the ribs are broken, the pain becomes strong with the slightest movement and bends, so you can make a primary differentiation of a simple bruise and fracture. Chest bruise can provoke lung damage - pleural hemorrhages. Especially dangerous is hemopneumatox, which is manifested by severe pain during inhalations and exhalations, it becomes very difficult to breathe in principle. No less dangerous injury can be a strong blow, for example in an accident that damages the heart muscles. A bruise of this type often leads to a traumatic form of myocardial infarction. Infarction, in contrast to the typical develops more rapidly, beginning with pain in the heart and ending with collapse. The X-ray and the electrocardiogram make the specifics. 
• Damage to the coccyx. The bruised symptoms are similar to the fracture of this area, they are quite difficult to distinguish. Any injury of the lower spine is accompanied by severe pain, sometimes unbearable. The periosteum is exposed to the injury, in which there are a lot of nerve receptors. Fracture can be hidden, manifested by rare pains with squats, slopes. A simple contusion of the coccyx takes place within two weeks, without causing recurrent pain in the future. 
• Knee injury is accompanied by pain, and swelling, and immobility. The most dangerous symptom of a contusion of this part is hemarthrosis (the outflow of blood with the joint cavity). Also, the bruise of the knee joint is fraught with damage to the meniscus and microcracks of nearby bones. Symptoms are the most pronounced, obvious variant of the injury, which involves seeking medical help. 
• The bruise of the abdomen is accompanied by blunt pains and sensations of lack of air, especially when the place of the diaphragm is injured. The most severe consequences of such bruises can be damage to the spleen, liver, kidneys and even stomach. Dangerous symptoms may be permanent for two to three weeks of bruising, which eventually develop into cysts filled with blood. 
• A head injury is the most serious trauma, threatening not only a concussion, but also a fracture of the skull bones. Also, such a bruise is often accompanied by an intracerebral hematoma or an external one, which is visible to the naked eye. The main symptoms of a head injury, in addition to bruises, which are not the main signs of a concussion, are dizziness, nausea, sensory disturbances, vomiting. This is a direct indication of a serious concussion that requires medical attention. A bruise accompanied by a blue shade of the skin of the face, characteristic bruises in the form of glasses (a syndrome of glasses), requires not just help, but an emergency call, since such symptoms indicate a possible fracture of the base of the skull bone.

Bruising symptoms suggest variative, depending on the force of impact, the type of impact, the degree of its severity and the vastness of the area of damage. Also, hematomas accompanying bruises are differentiated.

They can be infected in cases of damage to the skin and infection, can be curdled, when blood clots are for a long time under the skin, not absorbing, and the hematoma can be purulent, requiring a local small operation - dissection.

Any bruise, as well as its manifestations, require some attention, since a trauma that seems insignificant can be more dangerous actually.

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