Benign Skeletal Tumors in Children: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

ICD Code 10

D16 Benign neoplasm of bones and articular cartilages.

Epidemiology

True benign bone tumors are rare lesions of the skeleton in childhood, amounting to less than 1% of all tumors.

Symptoms of benign tumors of the skeleton in children

The initial symptoms of benign tumors of the skeleton in children - pain syndrome of varying severity and lameness - are of little specificity. Given the low oncological alertness of specialists in the polyclinic link, they are often regarded as "pain of growth" or the result of a trauma to the musculoskeletal system. The consequence is a late diagnosis of the tumor and often the appointment of patients with contraindicated thermal procedures and physiotherapy treatment.

Diagnosis of benign tumors of the skeleton in children

The detection of benign tumors of the skeleton is based on clinical examination and radiation diagnostic methods: radiography, and in case of indications - CT and scintigraphy.

Among benign bone tumors in childhood, benign bone-forming and cartilaginous neoplasms are most often observed. According to the International Histological Classification adopted by WHO in 1993, benign bone-forming tumors include osteoma, osteoid-osteoma and osteoblastoma, benign cartilage-forming tumors - the endochondrum, the periosteal (juxtacortical) chondroma, solitary and multiple osteochondrosis cartilage (osteochondromas) , chondroblastoma and chondromixoid fibroids. At the same time, domestic authors consider solitary and multiple bone-cartilaginous exostoses as a dysplastic process, borderline with the tumor. The separately presented giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma) is extremely rare in the first two decades of life.

[1], [2], [3]