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Atheroma on the abdomen
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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In the morphological sense, the skin of the abdomen differs little from the skin of other zones. It also contains all the structural parts - the epidermis of the dermis proper, the subcutaneous tissue and the fat layer. However, there are also zones in which the sebaceous glands are more voluminous, in addition, their function can be affected by the hormonal system. To similar specific areas is the abdominal, which is considered estrogen-dependent, especially in female patients.
Atheroma on the abdomen is rarely congenital, more often it is defined as a retention cyst - a secondary atheroma. The development of such benign formations is due to the fact that in the abdomen there are many cells - lipocytes, whose receptors are extremely sensitive to changes in the level of estrogen. In a cosmetic sense, such vulnerability manifests itself as an accumulation of lipid deposits, visually defined as cellulite. Lipid deposits cause the formation of stretch marks (striae), hyperkeratosis, couperose and quite often - atheromatosis. In addition, the skin of the abdomen is prone to hypersecretion of the sebaceous secretion (hyperfunction of the sebaceous glands), which in turn provokes the appearance of gums, acne, atheromatous cysts.
Atheroma on the abdomen needs careful differentiation, as in the same zone often develop fibromas, lipomas, hernias. Diagnosis involves examining the abdominal area, palpation, possibly a biopsy. If the atheroma is confirmed, the choice of her treatment is inclined in favor of surgical removal, during which the selection of tissues for histology is considered mandatory.
[Atheroma navel
Umbilicus or omphalos is an umbilical cord that forms at the site of a decaying umbilical cord, this zone - regio umbilicalis, is considered one of the most difficult areas of the anterior abdominal wall, since under the umbilical ring, during the formation of the fetus, many important structures of the body develop, such as arteries, umbilical vein, urinary and vitelline ducts. Since there is no preperitoneal and subcutaneous lipid layer (fat) in the omphalos region, but there are many sebaceous glands, atheroma of the navel is often formed in this part of the body. Such benign neoplasms are well defined visually, as the skin above the navel closely adjoins the umbilical ring, scar tissue in connection with the almost complete absence of fascia and fatty layer. This explains the prevalence of all kinds of hernias, tumoral formations in the navel zone, where the skin is not dense and not protected by subcutaneous tissue.
Atheroma of the navel is most often diagnosed as congenital, true, less common secondary retention cyst of the sebaceous gland that can develop against the background of a purulent process in the abdominal cavity and a partial breakthrough of the abscess through the navel.
Atheroma is not the only possible neoplasm in the umbilical zone, so it requires a detailed examination, differential diagnosis. The sebaceous gland cyst should be distinguished from such skin diseases, soft tissues, ducts:
- Fibroma.
- Less often - lipomas (adipose).
- Adenomas.
- Hernias.
- Omphalitis in chronic form is an inflammatory process of the skin, caused by infection of the umbilical wound.
- Fungus is a granuloma caused by a prolonged process of healing the umbilical wound.
- Rose cyst - non-growth of the vitelline outflow duct, localization just below the navel.
- Urachus cyst is an intrauterine pathology, an uninfection of the urinary duct, in the middle part of which a cyst is formed, increasing with age. The disease is diagnosed mainly in male patients, in young children, the urachus cyst is manifested as omphalitis (densification and purulent inflammation of the navel zone).
Atheroma of the navel is treated surgically, during the operation it is necessary to take tissue for cytology, histology. As a rule, atheroma in the umbilical zone, detected in infants, is subject to long-term observation, its removal is shown only in emergency cases - inflammation, festering neoplasm. The cyst of the ovarian gland of the umbilical region in adults is excised in the planned mode, most often outpatient. Recurrence of atheroma in the navel is rare and may be due to incomplete enucleation (removal) of the cyst.