Angina in children
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Angina - one of the forms of streptococcal infection with the localization of the inflammatory process in the lymphoid tissue of the oropharynx, mainly in the palatine tonsils. Accompanied by intoxication, fever, sore throat and regional lymph nodes.
Angina is a very common disease in childhood. In practical work, it is necessary to distinguish angina as an independent disease and sore throat, arising from the background of another infectious disease.
Streptococcal angina is isolated in an independent nosological form, but in children it usually appears as a complication of acute respiratory viral infection or as a result of exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.
ICD-10 code
J02.0 Streptococcal pharyngitis.
Pathogenesis of angina
The ability of beta-hemolytic group A streptococcus to affect predominantly the epithelial cover of the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue is associated with the direct local action of one of the antigenic structures of the microorganism - lipoteichoic acid associated with the M protein, which fixes the pathogen on the tonsils. M-protein reduces the phagocytic activity of leukocytes at the site of the entrance gate, and thus contributes to the increased susceptibility of the child to streptococcus.
Symptoms of angina
Streptococcal angina begins acutely with an increase in body temperature to 38-39 ° C, chills, headache and pain when swallowing. Clinical symptomatology reaches its maximum severity in the first day after the onset of the disease. Patients complain of general weakness, decreased appetite, sore throat, sometimes with irradiation in the ear and lateral sections of the neck. In more severe cases, repeated vomiting, nausea, agitation, convulsions are possible. Characterized by the appearance of the patient: the skin is dry, the face is flushed, the cheeks are flushed, the lips are bright, red, dry, in the corners of the mouth seized.
Diagnosis of angina
Streptococcal angina is diagnosed on the basis of clinical data (severe intoxication, bright hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the oropharynx, necrotic changes on the tonsils), epidemiological history (contact with a patient with streptococcal infection), and positive laboratory test results. In the mucus from the oropharynx, beta-hemolytic streptococcus is detected, the titres of antibodies to streptococcus antigens (anti-streptolysins, anti-hyaluronidase, etc.) increase.
Treatment of sore throats
Patients with streptococcal angina are usually treated at home. Only children with severe forms of illness or complications are liable to hospitalization, and also children who have difficulty in excluding diphtheria of the oropharynx. Patients are placed in the box. Recommended bed rest for 5-6 days, mechanically sparing food, multivitamins.
For rinsing the oropharynx, a bactericide Tomicide, chamomile, eucalyptus, sage, St. John's wort, as well as solutions of furacilin, potassium permanganate, etc., are used.
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