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Anatomy of the hip joint.
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025
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The hip joint is formed by the articular surfaces of the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvic bone. The acetabulum is attached to the edge of the acetabulum, increasing its depth. The joint capsule is attached to the edge of the acetabulum, covering the head of the femur, and is attached in front along the intertrochanteric line, and covers two-thirds of the neck of the femur behind.
For ease of examination, the hip region is conventionally divided into articular and periarticular. In turn, the periarticular region is divided into anterior, lateral, medial and posterior. Each of the above areas is assessed in two mutually perpendicular planes.
The muscles of the anterior thigh include the sartorius, rectus femoris, and pectineus.
The muscles of the medial group include the gracilis, large, and long adductor muscles. The deep muscles of the hip region include the iliac, lumbar, and iliopsoas.
The muscles of the back surface include the semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and biceps femoris.
The lateral group includes the muscle that tenses the broad fascia of the thigh, the iliotibial tract. The gluteal muscles include the gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, and gluteus medius. The fibers of the rectus femoris, broad fascia of the thigh, sartorius, and tensor fascia lata originate from the wing of the ilium. The lateral vastus, gluteus minimus, and gluteus medius originate from the greater trochanter of the femur. The tendon of the iliopsoas muscle is attached to the lesser trochanter. The tendons of the long head of the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, and adductor magnus are attached to the ischial tuberosity. The inguinal ligament stretches from the pubic bone to the wing of the ilium.
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