Anatomy of the elbow joint

The ulnar joint is formed by the joint surface of the lower epiphysis of the humerus, its block and head, as well as the articular surfaces of the ulna and radius. In the cavity of the elbow joint, three joints are distinguished: shoulder-elbow, shoulder-ray and ray-ulnar. The joint capsule covers the elbow joint from all sides. Stabilize the elbow joint lateral ligament: ulnar and radial collateral. Also there is a radial circular ligament, strengthening the elbow-elbow joint and ensuring the stability of the relationship between the radial and ulnar bones during pronation and supination of the forearm. The anterior and posterior sections of the elbow joint are strengthened with bundles insufficiently. Bony benchmarks for the examination of the elbow joint are the medial and lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the ulnar process of the ulna. On the anterior medial surface, the bone marrow is served by the tuberosity of the radial bone and the coronary process of the ulna.

For flexion of the forearm, three muscles are responsible: the shoulder, shoulder, and biceps muscles of the shoulder. To the epicondyle, the tendons of the corresponding muscle groups are attached. To the medial epicondyle are attached the tendons of flexor muscles: the tendon of the round pronator, the fibers of which lie most deeply; superficially located fibers of the common flexor tendon tendon; the tendon of the radial flexor of the wrist, the superficial flexor of the fingers, the ulnar flexor of the wrist. To the lateral epicondyle of the humerus attach to the posterior-lateral surface of the tendon of the extensor muscles: the general tendon of the extensors of the fingers, the elbow extensor of the wrist, the long extensor of the fingers, the short extensor of the fingers, the extensor of the wrist.

The tendon of the triceps muscle, formed from the long, outer and inner heads of muscles, is attached to the elbow process.

Between the epicondylitis on the posterior surface above the elbow process is located the ulnar fossa. In the elbow joint, several bags are selected. The bag of the ulnar process is located in the place of attachment of the tendon of the triceps muscle and consists of three parts: subcutaneous, interstitial and sub-suicidal. The bag of the biceps tendon is located behind the tendon, at the point of attachment to the tuberosity of the radius. Bags supracondylar (medial and lateral) lie under the tendons above the corresponding epicondyle.

The ulnar nerve is formed from C8-T1 nerve roots with the possible participation of C7. It innervates the medial half of the deep flexor of the fingers, the ulnar flexor of the wrist, the muscles of the hypotenar, the interosseous muscles, the deep head of the short flexor of the fingers and the vermiform muscles of the 3rd and 4th phalanges of the fingers. It also provides a sensitivity of 5 and half of 4 fingers. On the shoulder, he follows a neuromuscular bundle with a brachial artery and a medial nerve.

In the middle of the shoulder, follow the direction of the posterior surface of the medial epicondyle. Here it lies in the intercondylar sulcus between the medial epicondyle and the ulnar process. Leaving the furrow and passing to the forearm, it follows the aponeurotic arc of the elbow flexor of the fingers (m. Flexor carpi ulnaris) as part of the adrenaline arcade. Distal, he perforates this muscle in the so-called cubital tunnel, where its compression can occur.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11]