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Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment
Last reviewed: 07.07.2025
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[ Symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is characterized by a transient course with acute attacks of redness, lacrimation, and itching, accompanied by sneezing and nasal discharge. Edema of the eyelid is characteristic. The conjunctiva has a milky or pinkish color as a result of edema and injection. Small papillae are located on the upper tarsal conjunctiva.
Classification of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
- Seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (hay fever) begins in the spring and lasts throughout the summer period, is the most common and mild form of allergic conjunctivitis. The most common allergens are pollen;
- Perennial allergic rhinoconjunctivitis causes symptoms throughout the year, with flare-ups in the fall when exposure to dust mites and fungal allergens is greatest. It is less common and milder than hay fever, but more persistent.
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Treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
If symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis occur, any topical mast cell stabilizer (nedocromil, lodoxamide) or topical antihistamine (levocabastine, azelastine, or emedastine) is given 2 to 4 times daily. Opatadine 0.1% contains both an antihistamine and a mast cell stabilizer and is effective when given 2 times daily. Lotepredole 0.5% 4 times daily may be helpful.