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Allergic intestinal lesions - Treatment
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Diet, medications, physical factors, medicinal plants, mineral waters are recommended. Depending on the prevalence of clinical symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation), diet and pharmacotherapy are differentiated.
In case of constipation, the primary importance is given to an appropriate diet containing a sufficient amount of vegetable fiber and other products that enhance peristalsis. Diet No. 3 according to Pevzner is usually prescribed. The diet can include a variety of drinks, carbonated, cold; rye bread or bread containing bran, crisp bread with bran; one-day fermented milk products (kefir, acidophilus milk, yogurt), sour cream, cottage cheese, cream; butter, vegetable oil; meat and fish in any form; vegetable and fruit soups in large quantities, preferably cold, meat and fish are possible. Cereals and flour products: buckwheat, barley, pearl barley, crumbly porridge, lentils. Hard-boiled eggs. Vegetables and fruits in large quantities, raw, especially carrots, prunes, sauerkraut, apricots.
Sweet dishes: lots of honey, compotes, jam. Snacks and sauces are varied.
Kissels, strong tea, cocoa, chocolate, slimy soups, strained porridges, rich dough are excluded; hot dishes and drinks are limited.
In case of diarrhea, food substances should minimally irritate the intestinal mucosa. All products stimulating bowel movements are excluded from the diet, substances reducing peristalsis are introduced. Diet No. 4 meets these requirements. When prescribed, patients should stay in bed, eat 5-6 times a day in small portions. The chemical composition of the diet: protein 75 g, fat 50 g, carbohydrates 250-300 g, 8374-9211 J (calories - 2000-2200). Table salt is limited.
The diet can include strong hot tea, coffee, cocoa on water, blueberry broth, white crackers, dry, unsweetened cookies; dairy products: kefir and three-day sour milk, fresh cottage cheese in mashed form; butter in small quantities; eggs and egg dishes in limited quantities; weak chicken broth, slimy soups on water with a small amount of oil, rice or oat broth.
Meat can be consumed in limited quantities in the form of steamed cutlets, quenelles and meatballs, to which, instead of bread, it is recommended to add rice with mashed garlic, boiled chopped chicken and lean fish.
Cereals and flour dishes: mashed porridge in water, steamed pudding from mashed cereals.
Sweet: jelly or kissel, possibly made from dried fruit, sugar and sweeteners in limited quantities.
Spices, hot and salty seasonings and dishes, vegetables, fruits, black bread, milk and fresh sour milk products, fatty meats and fish, cold drinks and dishes, rich dough and pies are excluded from the diet.
Along with the above general principles of diet therapy, when compiling a diet for patients, it is necessary to exclude allergenic products. To do this, based on the allergological anamnesis, skin tests and serological reactions, products that may be allergens for a given patient are identified. Polyvalent allergies are often observed, so it is necessary, if possible, to completely stop contact with the corresponding medications, plants, dust, epidermal or other antigens.
Of great importance is the exclusion of parasitic invasion as an allergenic factor, for which it is necessary to examine the duodenal contents and feces for protozoa and helminth eggs. Non-specific sensitization is carried out using antihistamines (diphenhydramine 0.03-0.05 g, tavegil 0.01 g 2 times a day, fenkarol or bicarfen 0.025 g 3-4 times a day, peritol 0.04 g or diazolin 0.05-0.1-0.2 g 1-2 times a day). In more severe cases, glucocorticosteroids can be prescribed orally, intramuscularly, intravenously or rectally.
In the case of a combination of allergic enteropathy and allergic colitis, specific microbial hyposensitization with ascending doses of allergens of Escherichia coli, Proteus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus is advisable, depending on the nature of the identified sensitization.
The duration of the main course of treatment is 2-3 months, maintenance therapy - 3-6 months.
Of great importance are sedative and psychotherapy, enzymatic preparations (festal, panzinorm, mexaza, pancreatin, panferment, holenzym, etc.), and, as a rule, limitation of antibiotics and other antibacterial agents.
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