Adenovirus infection: antibodies to adenoviruses in the blood
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Currently, more than 40 adenovirus serotypes have been isolated from humans. Adenoviral diseases are widely spread both in the form of sporadic cases, and in the form of outbreaks. Most often, children suffer from it. For etiologic diagnosis of the disease, the immunofluorescence method is used, which makes it possible to detect the virus in the nasopharyngeal discharge (epithelial cells). In recent years, an immunochromatographic slide test for the detection of adenovirus in the stool with a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 91.6% has been developed in recent years (analysis time is 15 min).
To detect antibodies to adenoviruses, use of DSC or ELISA is used.
With RBC, the study is carried out at the onset of the disease and after 5-7 days, the increase in titer of antibodies is considered to be diagnostically significant no less than 4 times when studying paired sera.
The ELISA method is characterized by high specificity, but low sensitivity. As with RSK, for use in the diagnostic purposes of ELISA it is necessary to compare antibody titers in serum samples obtained from patients at the beginning and at the end of the disease.
The determination of antibody titres to adenoviruses is used to diagnose acute respiratory viral infections, assess the intensity of postvaccinal immunity, and diagnose adenoviral infections.
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