Acute renal failure: symptoms
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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It is necessary to carefully collect an anamnesis with the specification of information about recently transferred acute diseases, the presence of chronic diseases, medication, contact with toxic substances and clinical symptoms of intoxication.
Typical symptoms of acute renal failure are dry mouth, thirst, dyspnea (extracellular hyperhydration develops, the first sign of which is interstitial pulmonary edema), soft tissue edema in the lumbar region, edema of the lower extremities (also possible accumulation of fluid in the cavities: hydrothorax, ascites, not the development of edema of the brain and seizures is excluded).
Clinical symptoms of acute renal failure are as follows:
- Absence or decrease in the amount of urine and the appearance of edema.
- Symptoms of intoxication:
- lack of appetite, in particular - the desire to eat foods that contain protein;
- poor sleep;
- weakness, headaches;
- nausea, vomiting, bloating, sometimes diarrhea.
In the physical examination, the pain of the kidneys during palpation, peripheral edema, paleness of the skin. Patients have a tendency to arterial hypertension due to fluid retention in the body, sometimes a bradycardia is observed. In patients with background hypertension, arterial hypertension can acquire a malignant character, lead to the development of recurrent acute left ventricular heart failure, often determining an unfavorable prognosis. The patient's physical activity is reduced to a complete inhibition and lack of adaptation to the situation. Characterized by clinical symptoms of acute renal failure associated with uremic intoxication: encephalopathy, gastritis, enterocolitis or gastroenterocolitis.
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