Pacemaker manufacturers

Today, there are many manufacturers of pacemakers on the medical equipment market. World leaders are American companies: Medtronic, St Jude, Boston Scientific, German Biotronic, Italian Sorin Group and Dutch Vitatron. Of the Russian EKS, the most popular are Baikal from Izhevsk Mechanical Plant and Juniors from the Cardioelectronics enterprise.

Consider the top five manufacturers of devices for maintaining heart rate:

1. Medtronic - the company produces one, two and three-chamber devices. The devices of this manufacturer were the first fully implantable with replaceable batteries. Early models worked from the outlet, so their use in everyday life was difficult.

EX- stimulates the heart muscle in the physiological mode. In this case, all the functions of the mechanism are fully automated. The most popular Medtronic models are the two-chamber Sensia, SureScan, Adapta.

2. St. Jude Medical is a major manufacturer of EX, working in the market since 1976. The company produces not only pacemakers, but also many other medical equipment, including cardioverter defibrillators. The manufacturer has patented several successful technologies:

• Ventricular Intrinsic Preference - prevents unwarranted stimulation of the ventricles of the heart.
• AutoCapture - according to the available indicators determines the threshold of stimulation of the body.
• SenseAbility - automatically restores normal heart rate.
• InvisiLink - remote controls and notifies the patient about all changes in his body.

Another feature of the devices from St. Jude Medical is an opportunity to perform MRI, ECG recording and other diagnostic tests.

3. Biotronik is a German company engaged in the production and maintenance of cardiological equipment. It produces implantable devices - pacemakers for a slow heart rate and cardioverter-defibrillators with an accelerated rhythm. ECS have an automatic system for the physiological regulation of the heart. Have a minimum of contraindications, allowing you to lead a full life.
4. Boston Scientific is an American manufacturer of various cardiological equipment. Among the EX models, there is only one and two-chamber models, but there are also more modern three-chamber ones, as well as miniature devices for children and people with a narrow chest. All devices have sensors that adjust the operation of the mechanism under the emotional state, that is, excitement or calm.
5. Vitatron - European manufacturer of EX. Produces a variety of models for different requirements of patients. Devices are highly accurate, as all analog signals are converted to digital, increasing the accuracy of data collection and storage. Sensors monitor the physical characteristics of the body, electrical activity and metabolic processes in the heart.

All of the above manufacturers produce pacemakers in different price categories, which allows you to choose the best option for all characteristics of an artificial pacemaker.

Medtronic pacemaker (medtronic)

The first implanted ECS were released by the American company Medtronic in the 60s of the last century. Prior to this, artificial pacemakers were stationary and fed only from the outlet, they were used during surgical interventions.

Today Medtronic produces various cardiological equipment. Pacemakers have become very popular. The most popular are the two-chamber models: SureScan, Adapta and Sensia with the control function of the stimulation of the ventricles.

• ECS continuously adapt its functionality for optimal stimulation of the heart muscle.
• The instruments are compatible with magnetic resonance imaging.
• The software of the device accurately determines the thresholds of stimulation, tracks the electrical activity of the heart and the general condition of the body.

Medtronic produces single-chamber wireless devices, external stimulants that are used in medical institutions and in intensive care, cardiac pacemakers, defibrillators for the treatment of severe arrhythmias, and other equipment. On average, the life expectancy of an EX from Medtronic is 10-12 years.

Junior pacemaker

EX-Junior is Russian-made devices from CJSC Cardio Electronics. The company released its first device in 1961. The first models weighed more than 60 g, were asynchronous and worked for 2-3 years.

To date, the company has more than 25 unique cardiac instruments. These are EX-one and two-chamber, pacemakers, external and implantable neurostimulators, defibrillators. Modern Junior models have the following properties:

• Frequency adaptation of electric pulses for patients with an active lifestyle.
• Tachycardia protection function.
• Record and store data on the work of the heart and EX.
• Collect data on the stimulation system to assess its effectiveness and overall condition.

Popular models Junior:

1. SR - designed for patients with atrioventricular block (AV) and other disorders of electrical stimulation of the atria or ventricles. The single-chamber model is not inferior in its functionality to foreign analogues. It works in several modes, which allows to ease the patient's condition as much as possible.
2. DR is a series of two-chamber models with partial adaptation, which allows you to lead an active lifestyle. The device is used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias, especially AV-blockades and Morgagni-Edems-Stokes syndrome. It has a wide range of functions for individual customization.

One and two-chamber Junior models can be set by quota.

Vitatron pacemaker (vitatron)

Vitatron is a company from Europe that has been producing artificial pacemakers since 1956. It is a subsidiary of Medtronic. According to statistics, more than 700 thousand instruments from Vitatron are installed in the world.

Vitatron is positioning its EX completely digital devices. That is, all analog data collected by the device is converted to digital, which greatly facilitates their reading and working with software. Another plus of the European manufacturer is the energy-saving EGM recording technology. All devices can operate in the following modes: VVIR, VVI, VVT, VOO, AAIR, AAI, AAT, AOO, OOO, DDD, DDI, DOO, VDDR, VDD, DDDR, DDIR.

EX-Vitatron has the function of frequency adaptation and two sensors:

1. Accelerometer - a sensor of mechanical activity.
2. Physiological sensor - collects data from the QT-interval of the heart signal on the metabolic needs of the body.

Both sensors are required for modern cardiac devices with frequency adaptation. The company is manufactured single-chamber with frequency adaptation and without, two-chamber EX. The Vitatron G-Series pacemakers have a defibrillator function. They register atrial tachycardias, restore atrial fibrillation, and alleviate painful symptoms with irregular ventricular contractions and atrial tachyarrhythmias. The service life of the device is about 9-11 years, and weight 23-25 g.

Vitatron e60a1

Vitatron specializes in the production of cardiac devices. Pacemakers of the E series deserve special attention. These models represent a comprehensive set of various diagnostic tools for data collection, treatment, prevention and constant monitoring of atrial arrhythmias.

Vitatron E60a1 refers to the two-chamber EX with more accurate frequency adaptation. The main functions of the device:

• Continuous analysis of patient activity.
• Support physiological heart rate.
• Control output parameters of the ventricular canal.
• Long-term trends thresholds.
• Optimized battery consumption.
• Self-test device.

Two-zone adaptation allows you to adjust the frequency electrostimulation for various functions, that is, from high loads to moderate daily activities.

Biotronic pacemaker

German artificial pacemakers Biotronik are of high quality, a wide range of models and unique functionality. The company produces single and dual chamber pacemakers with frequency adaptation, the ability to change the frequency of electrical impulses under the action of emotional and physical loads.

The main models of biotronic pacemakers:

• Effecta S - single chamber.
• Effecta SR - single-chamber with frequency adaptation.
• Effecta SR-T - single-chamber with frequency adaptation and Home Monitoring function.
• Effects of 500 - two-chamber.
• Effecta DR - two-chamber with frequency adaptation.
• Effecta DR-T - two-chamber with frequency adaptation and Home Monitoring function.

This series of devices is fully automated and has an increased level of security. ECS are used to treat bradycardia, arrhythmias, and other diseases with a heart rhythm disorder. Biotronic pacemakers are protected from electromagnetic interference. Maintain the physiological work of the heart due to the function of hysteresis, significantly reducing the need for cardiac stimulation.

The company also produces temporary devices that operate in single and two-chamber stimulation mode. ECS are used for synchronous or asynchronous short-term stimulation for both preventive and diagnostic purposes. Temporary mechanisms are recommended for complete blockade of the heart, sick sinus syndrome, sinus bradycardia, cardiac arrest, complicated by primary infarction. Cardiac equipment is used for stimulation, evaluation and compensation before implanting a permanent device.

[1]

Pacemaker sensia

One of the popular series of pacemakers from the company Medtronic - EX-Sensia. These devices have advanced functions that include automatic stimulation of the heart rate to its physiological norm and analysis of the collected information.

Sensia Features:

• Fully automatic functionality and ease of use. The device controls the capture of the atria and ventricle. Independently determines the thresholds of stimulation in both chambers, adjusting their parameters to the features of the patient.
• An electronic circuit is located inside the pacemaker. This mini computer converts battery energy into small electrical impulses that stimulate heartbeats. Also monitors and controls the time intervals, the strength of the impulses directed to the heart.
• The entire filling of the device is hidden in a metal case. In the upper part of the housing is the connecting unit. It is a plastic connector for connecting electrodes. Electrodes are covered with a special insulating sheath. They conduct electrical impulses and collect information about the work of the heart.

Most often, the ECT Sensia from Medtronic is implanted for bradycardia, that is, a slow heart rate. The device restores the physiological work of the body, ensuring normal blood circulation.

Sensia sedr01

Medtronic's popular pacemaker is the Sensia sedr01. The device is equipped with automatic tracking of its own natural holding in the patient's heart. ECS reduces unwanted ventricular stimulation, records and stores information about the work of the heart.

• The main indications for installing sedr01 are bradycardia, arrhythmia, heart failure, and other pathological disorders of the organ.
• The device is implanted under local anesthesia. The first months after surgery, the patient is shown a rehabilitation period and training in handling an artificial pacemaker.
• The EKS has a case of an inert metal, so the device is not rejected by the body, does not cause inflammatory or infectious reactions. Some patients report slight chest discomfort, but as they get used, the discomfort disappears.

The device is fully protected from electromagnetic interference, and therefore does not respond to magnetic frames and other sources of electrical impulses. The lifespan of sedr01 is up to 12 years.

Boston scientific pacemakers

The American company Boston Scientific Corporation is known worldwide for the manufacture of cardiac medical equipment and consumables for surgery. Boston Scientific's pacemakers have sensors that are highly sensitive to the patient's condition. They track the heart rate and, if necessary, correct it, that is, they have frequency-adaptive functions.

Today, the company offers such devices:

• Artificial heart rate drivers.
• Cardioverter defibrillators.
• Devices for the treatment of heart failure with functions of action on cardiac arrhythmias.

EX-American manufacturers have small size and weight from 21 to 29.6 g. The main model range is represented by one and two-chamber devices. But the company produces three-chamber stimulants for patients with low contractility of the left ventricle. Also, all devices are equipped with an automatic sensor to monitor the level of battery charge, which is checked every 10-12 hours.

[2], [3], [4], [5], [6]

Sorin pacemakers

Another global company engaged in the development and production of cardiological equipment is Sorin. The Italian brand offers a wide range of various devices for the treatment, prevention, diagnosis and control of heart rhythm.

Sorin pacemakers have a wide range of functions that provide reliable electrical stimulation and a high level of patient safety. The company produces one, two and three-chamber devices, external EX and stimulants with a defibrillator function. The brand has high-quality equipment and affordable prices.

Esprit pacemakers

The Italian company Sorin produces a series of Esprit pacemakers. The devices are developed on a platform using innovative technologies. EX has such properties:

• Supports physiological stimulation of the heart.
• Provides complete safety for patients.
• Preserves the ventricular rhythm due to the search for its own stimulation.
• Reduces the risk of heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
• Smoothes the heart rate.

The device operates according to the D-Plus algorithm, which provides a search for its own conductivity, thereby reducing the percentage of over-stimulation. The EX-kit includes a set of electrodes and an Adelante introducer. The characteristics of the Esprit include the presence of specialized functions for measuring the resistance of the electrodes every 6 hours, checking and analyzing the information collected by the device on the work of the heart.

[7], [8], [9]

Crt pacemaker

For the treatment of severe heart failure, some patients are prescribed implantation of CRT pacemakers. These devices combine the functions of an EX and a defibrillator. Cardioresynchronizing devices are assigned in such cases:

• If the electrical impulses responsible for relaxation and contraction of the heart muscle, pass slowly or unevenly.
• The left ventricle does not contract simultaneously with the right.
• Insufficient blood pumping due to poor heart coordination.

An artificial CRT pacemaker coordinates (resynchronizes) ventricular contraction, increasing the overall efficiency of the cardiovascular system. The biventricular apparatus relieves the symptoms of heart failure, improves the patient’s quality of life and prolongs it.

The device is implanted in the area under the collarbone, and its electrodes are placed in the heart. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and takes 1-2 hours. The first time after installing the EX-can be unpleasant, but they quickly pass as you get used to the device.

[10], [11], [12]

Pacemaker st jude medical

St. Jude Medical is the largest American manufacturer of medical equipment. The company is engaged in the production of equipment and implantable electronic systems (ECS, cardioverter-defibrillators) for the cardiovascular system. Pacemakers of st jude medical are presented by one, two and three-chamber models.

Features of artificial pacemakers:

• The devices are equipped with a special VIP technology (Ventricular Intrinsic Preference), which prevents undue ventricular stimulation.
• AutoCapture technology, that is, automatic detection of the stimulation threshold, effectively corrects the heart rate.
• Some models are equipped with InvisiLink technology, that is, the possibility of remote monitoring and notification of significant clinical events.
• Thanks to the QuickOpt algorithm, the instruments suggest stimulation of the right ventricle with regard to the normal AV interval.
• Cardiology equipment is compatible with MRI procedures, records and stores information about the operation of the device itself and the functioning of the heart.

The life span of St. Jude Medical's pacemakers is about 15 years for single-chamber and up to 10 years for dual-chamber models. The exact time depends on the correct settings of the device and its mode of operation.

Sustain pacemaker

Popular model EX from the American company St. Jude Medical is Sustain. The device is single-chamber with frequency adaptation and has the following functions:

• Automatic measurement of the impedance of the electrode and the threshold of sensitivity of the ventricle of the heart.
• Maximum adaptability to the threshold of sensitivity.
• High patient safety.
• Built-in accelerometer to automatically support the heart rate at rest.
• Automatic response of the device to a change in heart rate.

The device has a miniature physiological form. The service life declared by the manufacturer is at least 13 years.

Pacemaker vvir

Single-chamber devices for ventricular stimulation with frequency adaptation are artificial pacemakers with the VVIR mode. This mode indicates that the stimulating and sensing electrodes are located in the right ventricle. That is, when a spontaneous activity of the ventricle occurs, its stimulation is blocked.

Cardiac VVIR equipment supports the natural functioning of the heart automatism system, significantly reducing the need for cardiac pacing. The output signals of the device in combination with the atrial / ventricular grip provide auxiliary impulses that respond to physiological heartbeats.

Cardiac pacemaker

Artificial pacemakers called Baikal are Russian-made pacemakers. The devices are manufactured by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Izhevsk Mechanical Plant. The company has been developing and manufacturing EKS and other implantable devices since 1988.

Baikal is represented both by one and two-chamber devices, which possess such functions:

• Frequency adaptation.
• The system of recording and storing information about the work of the heart and the device.
• Automatic switching modes in the detection of atrial flutter.

Cardiology equipment is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias by electrical stimulation of the ventricles and / or atria. Devices prescribed for atrioventricular block, Morgagni-Stokes syndrome and other pathological conditions.

ECSs come with their own monopolar or bipolar electrodes with tips. The implantable mechanism itself has a teardrop shape, a capacious battery and an inert material housing.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20]

Evia pacemaker

The German company Biotronik is engaged in the production of high-tech cardiological equipment. Particularly noteworthy model range EX-Evia. The main feature of this series is the use of the cardiac muscle stimulation technology in closed control with full automation. The device is effective in treating bradycardia, arrhythmias, and other causes of rhythm disturbances in the main organ.

Basic models of Evia pacemakers:

• SR - single chamber with frequency adaptation.
• SR-T - single-chamber with frequency adaptation and HomeMonitoring function.
• SR-T ProMRI - MRI-compatible single-chamber device with frequency adaptation and HomeMonitoring function.

• D - two-chamber.
• DR - two-chamber with frequency adaptation.
• DR ProMRI - MRI-compatible two-chamber with frequency adaptation.
• DR-T - two-chamber with frequency adaptation and HomeMonitoring function.
• DR-T ProMRI - MRI-compatible two-chamber with frequency adaptation with the function HomeMonitoring

• HF - three-chamber.
• HF ProMRI - three-chamber with frequency adaptation.
• HF-T - three-chamber with frequency adaptation and HomeMonitoring function.
• HF-T ProMRI - MRI-compatible three-chamber with frequency adaptation with the HomeMonitoring function.

All devices operate according to a special algorithm that maintains the physiological heart rate. Stimulation of the ventricles is carried out automatically when the detected violations in the body. This significantly reduces the risk of severe side effects and the need for hospitalization of patients. Also, EX-have the function of controlling the capture of the ventricles and atria, through which the implant can serve for more than 13 years.

[21]

Pacemaker extinction

One of the manufacturers of pacemakers from Russia is Electim-Cardio. The company is engaged in the development and production of various implantable devices for electro-pacing.

Particularly noteworthy series is Extime. Devices are presented by one and two-chamber EX, external devices. The company also produces electrodes and defibrillators. Artificial pacemakers have a function of frequency adaptation. The average service life of the cardiological equipment from Electim-Cardio is at least five years.

Pacemaker new generation

American scientists have invented a new generation of pacemakers, who are currently at the testing stage, but possess such a set of unique functions:

• The implantable device has a special membrane, which is created on a three-dimensional printer individually for each patient.
• Electrodes are mounted into a thin elastic sheath, which track the parameters of the functioning of the heart and, if necessary, restore its work.
• The shell is superimposed on the heart wall without the need to podshivaniya device into the skin. The membrane ensures the functioning of the heart even outside the human body.
• The heart rate is controlled by signals and pulses of the central nervous system. Stimulation is carried out over the entire surface of the membrane, and not from one point. Due to this, the organ does not stop working during arrhythmias or heart attacks.

Also among the innovative cardiac apparatus to stimulate the heart rhythm are: wireless devices, devices that allow to carry out magnetic resonance imaging and remotely monitor the patient's condition. Also in demand are three and four chamber mechanisms, EX with a defibrillator function.

Affinity sr pacemaker

American manufacturer of medical equipment Jude Medical produces a wide variety of models of cardiac systems, defibrillators, and other devices for diagnosing, treating, and preventing serious pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

The Affinity SR pacemaker deserves special attention. The device was developed by Pacesetter (a division of Siemens AG), which in 1994 was absorbed by St. Jude Medical.

Affinity SR:

• Single-chamber multiprogramming EX with frequency adaptation functions.
• The device has a miniature size and weight of 23 g.
• The power source is a lithium-iodine battery.
• It works in VVI, VVIR, DDI, DDIR, DDD, DDDR stimulation modes with a monopolar configuration of stimulation and bipolar sensitivity.

The main distinguishing feature of this model is for the first time the implemented function of the automatic stimulation threshold with the correction of the amplitude of the stimulating pulse. Due to this, the device provides effective and safe stimulation of the heart muscle with minimal energy consumption. Today, all modern artificial pacemakers are working on this algorithm.

[22], [23], [24],

Pacemaker advisa

Another Medtronic device is the Advisa, a two-chamber artificial heart rate driver. Pacemaker refers to multiprogrammable instruments and has the following functions:

• Monitoring and correction of heart rate.
• Single and dual-frequency adaptive stimulation.
• Heart rate analysis based on detection.
• Automatic detection of atrial tachyarrhythmias.
• Automatic response to bradyarrhythmias with anti-brady stimulation.
• The possibility of magnetic resonance imaging.

The device is protected from electromagnetic and other types of exposure. Its miniature size does not cause discomfort after implantation. And high battery capacity ensures long lasting performance.

Stratos pacemaker

The German medical equipment manufacturer Biotronik presented the unique EX-Stratos with the function of an integrated GSM-module. Due to this, the pacemaker is able not only to analyze the collected parameters of cardiac activity, but also to send them to the attending physician and the patient himself as a message. This will reduce the number of deaths and the frequency of hospitalization.

Also, Stratos devices have three channels for stimulating the heart, which significantly improves the functioning of the organ. The device automatically corrects the heart rate and has the function of a defibrillator, which prevents cardiac arrest.

American pacemakers

The leaders of the world market in the development and production of cardiological equipment are American companies. EKS from the US have universal functionality that allows you to lead a full-fledged lifestyle with a minimum of restrictions.

American pacemakers are represented by such companies:

• Medtronic
• Vitatron (a subsidiary of Medtronic)
• St. Jude Medical
• Boston Scientific

Manufacturers produce one, two, three and four-chamber models, as well as wireless devices, defibrillators, temporary EX and many other equipment. American devices have protection from electromagnetic and magnetic interference, a remote monitoring system, frequency adaptation, and many operating modes.

In addition, some models are able to independently regulate the heart rate, allowing the patient to fully improve his life without feeling any heart problems. The service life of pacemakers is about 7-10 years. For the price of American appliances are the most expensive. However, the high price is fully justified by the functionality, reliable operation and capacious battery.

[25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32]

Russian pacemakers

Among the popular cardiological equipment for the treatment of heart failure are companies from Russia. EX-Russian production is not inferior to foreign counterparts. Pacemakers have a decent set of features and a long service life.

The main developers and manufacturers of artificial heart rate drivers in Russia are:

1. FSUE "Izhevsk Mechanical Plant" - Baikal apparatuses.
2. CJSC Cardioelectronics - EX-Junior.

Both companies offer one and two-chamber models with their own electrodes. Also in the EX-line are frequency-adaptive models and defibrillators.

Features of Russian medical devices for maintaining heart rate:

• Drop-shaped body, facilitating the process of implantation.
• Frequency adaptation.
• System diagnostics and monitoring of data on the work of the ECS and the heart.
• Ability to select the mode of stimulation atrial flutter.
• The inability to conduct magnetic resonance imaging.
• The absence of a remote monitoring system through which the attending physician can monitor the patient's condition.

The service life of Russian pacemakers is about 10 years, and weight is 24-27 g. According to the price characteristics of the device, it is much more affordable than American and European.