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What causes acute laryngitis?
Last reviewed: 19.11.2021
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The cause of acute laryngitis is mainly viral. The leading etiological role is played by parainfluenza viruses, mainly of the first type, followed by PC viruses, influenza viruses, mainly type B, adenoviruses. Less common are herpes simplex virus and measles. Bacterial infection plays a lesser role in the etiology of acute laryngitis, but. As a rule, leads to a more severe current. The main causative agent is a hemophilic rod (type b), but it can also be staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus group A. Pneumococcus. In previous years, before the mandatory vaccination of children against diphtheria, the main causative agent was a diphtheria stick, which has now become a rarity.
The pathogenesis of acute laryngitis
Anatomical and physiological features of the organism of young children, namely: the narrow larynx, trachea and bronchus lumen, the tendency of the mucous membrane and the loose fibrous connective tissue under it to edema and the relative weakness of the respiratory muscles, contribute to the development of acute laryngitis at this age.
In the pathogenesis of acute laryngitis, edema of the mucous membrane and submucosal tissue of the larynx plays the role, which leads to a narrowing of the latter. With stenosing laryngitis, the following factors join: first, reflex spasm of the larynx muscles, and secondly, mechanical obstruction of the laryngeal lumen with an inflammatory secret-mucus.
Disturbance of breathing due to the narrowing of the larynx lumen most often develops at night due to changes in lymphatic and circulatory conditions of the larynx. A decrease in the frequency and depth of respiratory movements in sleep.