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The use of psychoactive substances by children and adolescents
Last reviewed: 18.10.2021
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Disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances are often found in children, especially in adolescence. Regardless of economic or ethnic affiliation, the most commonly used substances are alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. The use of other drugs, such as amphetamines and methamphetamine, inhalants, hallucinogens, cocaine, anabolic steroids, opioids and so-called dating drugs, club drugs (for example, MDMA, ketamine, gamma hydroxybutyrate), is less common, and the prevalence of each of them is different, at different times. With growing concern, there has been an increase in cases of random mixing at club drug and drug-dating parties for visits.
Children and adolescents use drugs for various reasons. Some can do this in an attempt to escape the situation of constant pressure (parental, social pressure) or as a challenge to authorities. Another often-called cause is the influence of peers and the presentation of substances, such as alcohol, in the media. The pronounced influence has its own attitude of parents and their example in the use of alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs and other substances. Primary care physicians should be prepared to conduct adequate screening and counseling among their adolescent patients, and if necessary, refer patients to other specialist services.