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Treatment of salmonellosis in adults
Last reviewed: 06.07.2025
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Diet and regimen for salmonellosis
Treatment of salmonellosis begins with the appointment of bed rest, especially in cases of severe intoxication and fluid loss. Ward - in cases of moderate and mild cases.
Diet - table No. 4. Foods that irritate the stomach and intestines, dairy products, and refractory fats are excluded from the diet.
Drug treatment of salmonellosis
Etiotropic treatment of salmonellosis
Treatment of moderate and severe localized salmonellosis is carried out by prescribing the following drugs: enterix, two capsules three times a day for 5-6 days; chlorquinaldol 0.2 g 3 times a day for 3-5 days. Generalized form: ciprofloxacin, 500 mg twice a day; ceftriaxone 2 g once a day intramuscularly or intravenously for 7-14 days. For all forms of carriage and the decreed category of persons: salmonella bacteriophage, two tablets three times a day or 50 ml twice a day 30 minutes before meals for 5-7 days; sanguiritrin, two tablets 3-4 times a day for 7-14 days.
Pathogenetic treatment of salmonellosis
Rehydration therapy. Oral (for grades I-II dehydration and no vomiting): glucosolan, citroglucosolan, rehydron. Rehydration is carried out in two stages, the duration of the 1st stage is up to 2 hours, the 2nd - up to 3 days. Volume 30-70 ml / kg, rate 0.5-1.5 l / h, temperature 37-40 ° C. Parenteral: chlorsol, trisol. Rehydration is carried out in two stages, the duration of the 1st stage is up to 3 hours, the 2nd - as indicated (transition to oral administration of fluids is possible). Volume 55-120 ml / kg, average rate 60-120 ml / min.
Detoxification therapy. Only for the treatment of dehydration. Glucose, rheopolyglucin 200-400 ml intravenously by drip.
Eubiotics and biopreparations: Baktisubtil, one capsule 3-6 times a day 1 hour before meals, Linex, two capsules three times a day for 2 weeks; Lactobacillus acidophilus + kefir fungi (Acipol), one tablet three times a day; Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidumbacterin), five doses three times a day for 1-2 months. Hilak forte, 40-60 drops three times a day for 2-4 weeks.
Sorbents: hydrolytic lignin (polyphepan), one tablespoon 3-4 times a day for 5-7 days; activated carbon (carbolong), 5-10 g three times a day for 3-15 days; dioctahedral smectite (neosmectin), one powder three times a day for 5-7 days.
Fermentotherapy: pancreatin, one powder three times a day for 2-3 months; mezim forte, one tablet three times a day for 1 month; oraz, one teaspoon three times a day for 2-4 weeks during meals.
Antidiarrheal drugs: calcium gluconate 1-3 g 2-3 times a day, indomethacin 50 mg three times a day every 3 hours for 1-2 days, Kassirsky powders one powder three times a day.
Antispasmodics: drotaverine (no-shpa) 0.04 g three times a day, papaverine 0.04 g three times a day.
Additional methods of treating salmonellosis (surgical, physiotherapeutic, spa treatment)
Gastric lavage using a non-tube method is necessary if the patient's condition allows it.
Approximate periods of incapacity for work
The duration of hospital stay for the localized form is up to 14 days, for the generalized form - 28-30 days. Discharge is carried out after clinical recovery and a negative result of bacteriological examination of feces, which is carried out 2 days after the end of treatment. Patients of the decreed group are discharged after two control stool tests (the first - no earlier than the 3rd day after the end of treatment, the second - after 1-2 days). Patients who do not excrete the pathogen are allowed to work.
Clinical examination
Workers in the food industry and public catering establishments are subject to medical examination for 3 months with a monthly single stool test. Persons excreting salmonella are not allowed to return to their main job for 15 days and are given another job. During this period, their stool is tested 5 times and their bile is tested once. If bacterial excretion continues for more than 3 months, they are transferred to another job for at least 1 year and examined once every 6 months. After this period, their stool is tested 5 times and their bile is tested once with an interval of 1-2 days. If the results are negative, such patients are removed from the register and allowed to return to their main job; if the results are positive, they are suspended from work.
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Patient information sheet
Successful treatment of salmonellosis in adults also requires adherence to a diet for 2-3 months with the exclusion of spicy food, alcohol, refractory animal fats, and milk. After generalized forms, physical activity must be limited for 6 months.