Treatment of orchitis: pills, ointments, compresses, vitamins

The main goal in treating orchitis is to eliminate the inflammatory process and restore the functional capabilities of the damaged organ. Therapy methods depend on the stage of the disease and its nature. In most cases, patients are prescribed drug therapy, which consists of several stages:

1. Elimination of the cause of inflammation. Most often, orchitis develops due to the action of pathogenic microorganisms. To destroy them, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs are used. The choice of an effective antibiotic is based on microbiological studies. For treatment, drugs from the group of macrolides, penicillins, as well as cephalosporins, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and others are used.
2. Impact on the mechanism of inflammation development. To combat inflammatory processes that destroy the structure of the organ, anti-inflammatory drugs and NSAIDs are used.
3. Symptomatic therapy. Testicular lesions are accompanied by acute painful sensations. To relieve them, analgesics are used, and in particularly severe cases, a novocaine blockade is performed.
4. Auxiliary treatment methods. Physiotherapeutic procedures are used to reduce the inflammatory process, limit the spread of infection and activate local immunity. Most often, patients are prescribed electrotherapy, reflexology, mineral and mud baths, and therapeutic exercise.

In addition to the above treatment methods, special attention should be paid to creating favorable conditions for a speedy recovery. Patients are prescribed bed rest and a minimum of movements in the scrotum area. For this, a suspensory is used, that is, a special supporting bandage that improves blood circulation.

If there is a risk of developing congestive processes in the pelvic area or genitals, then angioprotectors are used. In particularly severe cases, as well as when the disease is complicated by an abscess, surgical treatment is performed.

Medicines

With orchitis, inflammatory processes occur in the testicular tissues, which, growing more and more, damage the structure of the organ. Anti-inflammatory drugs are used to stop this destructive mechanism.

1. Diclofenac

NSAID from the group of phenylacetic acid derivatives. Has pronounced anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Reduces painful sensations in rheumatic diseases, increases the range of motion in affected joints.

• Indications for use: inflammatory diseases of soft tissues and joints, neuralgia, lumbago, primary dysmenorrhea, postoperative pain syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, acute attack of gout.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the drug. Tablets are taken 75 mg 1-2 times a day, the course of treatment is 4-5 days.
• Side effects: dyspeptic disorders, erosive and ulcerative lesions and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, allergic reactions, irritability, drowsiness. Overdose has similar signs, treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, last trimester of pregnancy and lactation, intolerance to the components of the drug, patients under 6 years of age.

Diclofenac is available in the following forms: tablets, gel, suppositories, injection solution.

2. Ketanov

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. Acts on the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, inhibiting prostaglandin biosynthesis. Does not have a depressing effect on the respiratory center, does not affect the state of the heart muscle and does not cause hemodynamic disorders.

• Indications for use: inflammatory processes of various etiologies. Moderate and severe pain in gynecology, urology, in the postoperative period. Injuries to muscles, bones and soft tissues, pain syndrome after withdrawal of narcotic drugs, oncological pain, osteoarthrosis, osteochondrosis.
• Method of administration: for injections, 10 mg is used intramuscularly, followed by a dosage of 10-30 mg every 6 hours. Tablets are taken at 10 mg every 4-6 hours. The duration of treatment should not exceed 7 days.
• Side effects: headaches and dizziness, drowsiness, gastrointestinal disorders, myalgia, asthenia, increased sweating, pain at the injection site.
• Contraindications: blood clotting disorders, renal failure, intolerance to the components of the drug, patients under 16 years of age, bronchial asthma, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: diarrhea, pale skin, nausea and vomiting, difficulty breathing. There is no specific antidote, symptomatic treatment with gastric lavage.

Ketanov is available in the form of ampoules for intravenous administration and in the form of oral tablets.

3. Piroxicam

Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic agent. Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, relieves pain, reduces tissue swelling and joint stiffness.

• Indications for use: traumatic inflammation of soft tissues, back pain, acute infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract, primary dysmenorrhea, joint syndrome, neuralgia.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the drug. Tablets orally 10-30 mg per day. Rectal suppositories 10-40 mg 1-2 times per day. Intramuscular injections 20-40 mg per day until acute conditions are relieved. The gel or cream is applied in a thin layer to the affected tissues, occlusive dressings are not applied.
• Side effects: gastrointestinal disorders, stomatitis, sleep disorders, allergic reactions, increased irritability, changes in peripheral blood.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage, impaired renal and hepatic function, pregnancy and lactation, aspirin blockade.

Piroxicam is available as tablets and capsules for oral administration, as a solution in ampoules, rectal suppositories, and as a gel and cream for external use.

4. Phytolysin

It has bacteriostatic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and diuretic properties. It facilitates the loosening and removal of urinary stones. It is used for inflammatory processes in the urinary tract, kidneys, renal pelvis and bladder.

The medicine is available in a paste form, a teaspoon of which is dissolved in ½ glass of warm water. The medicine is taken 3-4 times a day after meals. Phytolysin is contraindicated in acute inflammatory kidney diseases and phosphate lithiasis.

Orchitis is accompanied by severe pain syndrome; various analgesic drugs are used to relieve it, and in particularly severe cases, a novocaine blockade is performed.

1. Ketoprofen

NSAIDs with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic and platelet aggregation suppressing properties. Contains the active ingredient ketoprofen.

• Indications for use: chronic inflammatory arthritis and arthrosis, pain syndrome in injuries, fractures, sprains. Post-traumatic pain and swelling.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the drug. If tablets are used, then in the first days of therapy, increased doses of 300 mg are prescribed 2-3 times a day. For maintenance treatment, the daily dosage is 150-200 mg.
• Side effects: attacks of nausea and vomiting, pain in the epigastric region, bleeding and intestinal perforation. Headaches, dizziness, sleep disturbances, skin allergic reactions. No cases of overdose have been recorded.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, severe renal and hepatic dysfunction, patients under 14 years of age. The gel is not used for weeping dermatoses and infected wounds.

The medicine is available in several forms: oral capsules, rectal suppositories, injection solution, retard tablets, gel for topical application.

2. Ketorolac

A medicinal product with pronounced analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties.

• Indications for use: acute pain syndrome of any origin, postoperative pain.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the severity of pain. A single dosage is 15-30 mg. The drug is administered/taken every 4-6 hours. The maximum duration of treatment is 5 days.
• Side effects: nausea, abdominal pain, bowel disorder, headaches. Increased sweating and swelling at the injection site, nervousness, insomnia, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage, aspirin asthma, pregnancy and lactation, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, patients under 16 years of age.

Ketorolac is available in the form of tablets for oral administration and as a solution for injection in ampoules.

3. Fanigan

A combination drug that contains two active substances: paracetamol and diclofenac. They provide a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect.

• Indications for use: pain syndrome of various origins. Inflammatory and rheumatic diseases, gout attacks, post-traumatic and post-operative pain. Pain syndrome in urological and gynecological diseases, ENT pathologies. Toothache and discomfort after heavy physical exertion.
• Directions for use: 2-3 tablets per day, duration of treatment 5-7 days.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, intestinal disorders and stool disorders, increased sleepiness, irritability, insomnia, temporary loss of sensitivity, allergic skin reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, bronchial asthma and urticaria, acute rhinitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, blood formation disorders, patients under 14 years of age, pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: sharp decrease in blood pressure, respiratory failure, convulsions, gastrointestinal disorders, renal failure. Treatment is symptomatic.

Fanigan is available in the form of tablets for oral administration, 4 capsules in a blister.

4. Dolak

Relieves acute pain syndrome, inflammatory reactions and hyperthermia at the local level. Contains the active substance - ketorolac tromethamine.

• Indications for use: pain of varying intensity due to injuries, oncological diseases, in the postoperative period, joint diseases, neuralgia, dislocations and sprains.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the medication, therefore they are determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: nervousness, headaches, increased heart rate, bowel disorders, nausea and vomiting, pale skin, tremors of the extremities, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, simultaneous use with other NSAIDs, patients under 16 years of age. The drug is not prescribed for exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease, perforation and bleeding of the digestive system, severe renal failure.
• Overdose: abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, erosive gastritis and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, impaired renal function, hyperventilation.

Dolac is available in tablets and injection solution form.

5. Novocaine blockade

This method of pain relief and treatment involves the sequential introduction of a novocaine solution into the tissues and nerve endings that participate in the innervation of the affected organ.

Novocaine is a local anesthetic agent, which has the following indications for use: infiltration, conduction and epidural anesthesia, anesthesia of internal organs. The blockade can cause a feeling of weakness, dizziness, decreased blood pressure and allergic reactions. The analgesic effect of novocaine lasts for 3-4 hours.

In case of congestion in the pelvic area and genitals, as well as for their prevention, angioprotectors are used.

1. Agapurin

A medicinal product with the active substance pentoxifylline, a synthetic derivative of methylxanthine. Improves microcirculation, has a vasodilating and angioprotective effect, reduces platelet and erythrocyte aggregation, stimulates fibrinolysis.

• Indications for use: pathologies associated with impaired microcirculation. Impaired blood circulation in peripheral vessels, impaired cerebral circulation. Soft tissue lesions with impaired microcirculation. Complications after thrombophlebitis, impaired retinal circulation, hearing loss.
• Method of administration: orally 200 mg three times a day. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 1.2 g of the drug. The injection solution is administered intramuscularly as infusions of 300 mg. The duration of treatment is individual for each patient.
• Side effects: nausea, dry mouth, bowel movement disorders, headaches and dizziness, sleep and wakefulness disorders. Rapid heartbeat, leukopenia, various allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, porphyria, tendency to bleeding, severe arrhythmia, patients under 18 years of age, severe atherosclerosis of the coronary/cerebral vessels.
• Overdose: tachycardia, impaired coordination of movements, headaches and dizziness, tremors of the extremities, convulsions. There is no specific antidote. Gastric lavage, intake of enterosorbens and further symptomatic therapy are indicated.

Agapurin is available in the form of enteric-coated tablets and as a solution for injection in ampoules.

2. Aescusan

A preparation based on horse chestnut fruits and vitamin B1. It has anti-edematous, antioxidant, capillary-protective, anti-exudative and venotonic effects. It has a mild anti-inflammatory effect, reduces the permeability of vascular walls, reducing the migration of leukocytes.

• Indications for use: chronic venous insufficiency, lower limb edema, muscle cramps, varicose veins, hematomas, trophic tissue changes. Postoperative, post-traumatic edema and inflammation of soft tissues, hemorrhoids. Prevention and complex treatment of atherosclerosis, stroke, improvement of tissue metabolism.
• Directions for use: the drug is taken orally 12-15 drops 3 times a day before meals. Tablets are taken 1 piece 3 times a day. The duration of treatment is determined by the attending physician, but on average it is 3 months.
• Side effects: irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, dyspeptic disorders, nausea, allergic reactions. No cases of overdose have been recorded.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, renal failure, patients under 12 years of age, early pregnancy and lactation.

Aescusan is available in the form of 20 mg tablets and as a solution for oral administration of 20 ml in a dropper bottle.

3. Venoruton

Angioprotective and phlebotonic agent. Corrects microcirculation disorders caused by changes in the vascular capillary wall. Has a tonic effect on the vascular walls, reduces capillary fragility. Restores the normal structure of the vascular endothelium, restores its functions.

Improves blood rheological properties, preventing thrombosis and venous insufficiency. The drug has analgesic, anticonvulsant and anti-edematous properties. Improves the general condition in inflammatory lesions, relieves pain symptoms and itching.

• Indications for use: the gel is used for pain syndrome and swelling caused by injuries, sprains, as well as sclerosing processes, in the complex therapy of venous insufficiency. Tablets are prescribed for chronic venous insufficiency, conditions with impaired trophism and microcirculation. Postphlebitic syndrome, lymphostasis, hemorrhoids.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the medication, therefore they are prescribed by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, bowel disturbances, pain in the epigastric region, headache, hyperemia, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, early pregnancy.

The drug is available in the following forms: 2% gel for external use, capsules, forte tablets and effervescent tablets for oral administration.

4. Trental

The drug contains an active component - pentoxifylline (a xanthine derivative). Improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood, normalizes the elasticity of red blood cells, reduces platelet aggregation and decreases blood viscosity.

• Indications for use: cerebral and peripheral blood circulation disorders, paresthesia, Raynaud's disease, retinal and eye circulatory failure. Tissue damage due to microcirculation disorders, trophic ulcers. Sexual dysfunction due to circulatory failure, vascular impotence.
• Method of administration: take 2-4 tablets 2-3 times a day, maximum daily dosage is 1200 mg. The injection solution is administered intravenously by jet or drip, the dosage is determined by the doctor.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, pain in the epigastric region, hyperemia of the face and upper body, abnormal heart rhythm, increased heart rate, allergic reactions. Overdose has similar symptoms. There is no specific antidote. Gastric lavage, enterosorbent intake and symptomatic therapy are indicated.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, tendency to bleeding, hemorrhagic stroke, pregnancy and lactation. The drug is prescribed with special caution in case of heart failure, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.

Trental is available as enteric-coated tablets and as an injection solution.

Treatment of orchitis with antibiotics

Very often, testicular inflammation develops due to the action of pathogenic microorganisms (staphylococcus, E.coli, etc.). In this case, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs are used for treatment. To select an effective drug, a series of microbiological studies are carried out that determine the pathogen, allowing you to select a drug that actively affects it.

Antibiotics for the treatment of orchitis:

1. Doxycycline

A semi-synthetic antibiotic from the pharmacological group of tetracyclines with a wide spectrum of action. It has bacteriostatic properties and is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug. Urological and gynecological infections. Infectious lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, ENT organs, lower respiratory tract, urinary tract. Inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs, purulent infections of soft tissues. Prevention of surgical infections.
• Method of administration: orally 200 mg on the first day and 100-200 mg per day on subsequent days of treatment. It is recommended to divide the daily dosage into 2 doses. The duration of treatment depends on the pathogen and symptoms.
• Side effects: nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, allergic reactions, increased sweating, headaches and dizziness.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, patients under 9 years of age, severe liver failure, leukopenia, porphyria, pregnancy and lactation.

The drug is available in tablet form, 10 capsules per blister.

2. Macropen

An antibiotic from the macrolide group with the active component midecamycin. It is active against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, intracellular pathogens.

• Indications for use: genitourinary and respiratory tract infections, skin and mucous membrane infections. Enteritis, diphtheria, whooping cough. The drug is also used for allergic reactions to drugs from the penicillin group.
• The method of administration and dosage are selected by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, skin allergic reactions, increased levels of liver enzymes.
• Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug, severe renal failure.
• Overdose: nausea and vomiting, allergic reactions. Symptomatic therapy is indicated for treatment. There is no specific antidote.

Release form: enteric-coated tablets, granules for suspension preparation.

3. Ofloxacin

An antibiotic from the fluoroquinolone group, has a broad antibacterial effect. Particular activity is shown against gram-negative bacteria.

• Indications for use: infectious urological and gynecological diseases. Infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, soft tissues, ENT organs. Gonorrhea, tuberculosis.
• Directions for use: 200 mg 2 times a day, course of treatment 7-10 days.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bowel disorder, sleep disorders. Headaches, thrombocytopenia.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to quinolones, epilepsy, patients under 15 years of age, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: 200 mg tablets in a package of 10 pieces.

4. Furagin

An antimicrobial drug from the nitrofuran group. Affects the enzymes of microbial cells, provides a bacteriostatic effect. Active against most gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary and genitourinary systems, prostate gland. Prevention of infectious complications during bladder catheterization and in the postoperative period.
• Directions for use: orally during meals, 2 tablets, 3-4 times a day. Duration of treatment is 7-8 days.
• Side effects: dyspeptic disorders, headaches and dizziness, increased drowsiness, allergic reactions, chills.
• Contraindications: polyneuropathy, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, renal failure, congenital deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, patients under 7 days of age, pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: headaches, dizziness, peripheral polyneuritis, liver dysfunction, anemia, allergic reactions. Gastric lavage and infusion therapy are indicated for treatment. In particularly severe cases, hemodialysis is necessary.

Release form: tablets of 50 mg. There are 30 tablets in a box.

5. Cefuroxime

A semi-synthetic antibacterial agent from the second-generation cephalosporin group. It has a bactericidal effect on a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

• Indications for use: infectious diseases of the genitourinary system, skin and soft tissues, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, ENT organs. Prevention of infectious complications during surgical interventions.
• Method of administration: parenterally 750 mg every 8 hours for adults and 30-100 mg/kg for pediatric patients. For solution for intramuscular/intravenous administration, use isotonic sodium chloride solution or water for injection.
• Side effects: decreased hemoglobin levels, neutropenia, nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. Increased levels of creatine, nitrogen and urea in the blood serum. Headaches and dizziness, increased excitability. Local reactions and pain at the injection site.
• Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug.
• Overdose: convulsions, increased CNS excitation. Treatment requires hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

The antibiotic is available in the form of powder for the preparation of injection solution in vials of 250, 750, 1500 mg.

Ointments for orchitis

Complex treatment of orchitis involves the use of not only tablets and injections to combat inflammation and infection, but also local treatment of scrotal tissue. Let's look at the most effective ointments that can be used for testicular inflammation:

1. Levomekol

A combination drug. Contains two active components: the antibiotic chloramphenicol and the immunostimulant methyluracil. Active against most bacteria, gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Accelerates the process of regeneration of damaged tissues, has an anti-inflammatory effect.

• Indications for use: abscesses, boils, purulent wounds, trophic ulcers, purulent-inflammatory skin lesions, 2-3 degree burns.
• Directions for use: apply the ointment to sterile napkins or gauze, which are used to loosely fill the wound or apply as a compress. The product can be injected into purulent cavities using a syringe.
• Side effects are manifested by local allergic reactions. The ointment is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to its components.

Release form: tubes of 250, 300 and 400 mg of ointment.

2. Ichthyol

A locally applied medicine from the antiseptic group. It has a pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect. When applied externally, the active component does not penetrate into the systemic bloodstream.

• Indications for use: joint pain, soft tissue hematomas, eczema, neuralgia, burns.

• Directions for use: Apply a thin layer of ointment to the affected tissues, but do not rub it in, but cover it with a gauze compress. The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease. It is recommended to use the ointment 2-3 times a day.

• Side effects: skin allergic reactions, rashes, itching, urticaria. No cases of overdose have been recorded. In case of accidental ingestion of the product, gastric lavage and intake of enterosorbents are recommended.

Ichthyol ointment is available in 25 g jars and 30 g tubes.

3. Troxerutin

Angioprotective agent for local use. Has pronounced anti-inflammatory, venotonic, capillary-protective and membrane-stabilizing activity. Increases vascular elasticity, improves tissue trophism. Penetrates well through the skin into tissues, but is not absorbed into the systemic bloodstream.

• Indications for use: pain of traumatic origin, phlebitis and thrombophlebitis, venous insufficiency, varicose syndrome. Complex therapy of hemorrhoids.
• Directions for use: externally, apply a thin layer to the affected areas. Rub the product gently into the tissues for several minutes. Use the gel 2-3 times a day.
• Side effects: local allergic reactions, itching, urticaria, hyperemia, dermatitis.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, application to damaged areas of the skin and mucous membranes.

Release form: gel for external use, 35 g in an aluminum tube.

4. Heparoid

A medicinal product with anticoagulant action. It is used for hematomas, superficial thrombophlebitis, ulcerative lesions of the extremities. The ointment is applied to the lesion, slightly capturing healthy tissue. A gauze bandage or compress paper is applied on top of the product, which is changed 1-2 times a day or every other day.

Heparoid is not used for increased bleeding, hemophilia, thrombocytopenia. The drug is available in the form of an ointment in 30 g tubes.

• Vishnevsky ointment for orchitis

Balsamic liniment according to A. V. Vishnevsky is an ointment which includes the following components: tar, xeroform and castor oil. All active substances are contained in the proportion 3:3:94. The drug has a wide spectrum of action, is used for dermatological, urological and gynecological diseases.

The use of Vishnevsky ointment for orchitis is explained by its antiseptic properties. It has a weak irritating effect on tissue receptors, accelerating regeneration processes. It is effective for abscesses and pustules of any localization, as well as ulcers, wounds and bedsores.

The ointment is used externally, gauze is soaked in it and applied as a compress to the affected tissues of the scrotum. With prolonged use, skin irritation is possible. The drug is contraindicated for patients with kidney disorders. Vishnevsky ointment is available in 100 g bottles.

• Heparin ointment for orchitis

An effective medicine that affects tissue metabolism processes from the pharmacological group of direct-acting anticoagulants, used for testicular inflammation, is heparin ointment. In orchitis, it is used to reduce the inflammatory process.

The ointment contains the following components: heparin - 2500 U, anesthesin - 1 g, benzyl ester of nicotinic acid - 0.02 g and ointment base. The drug has an antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory effect, dilates superficial vessels, and relieves pain.

• Indications for use: inflammation of the wall of the superficial veins of the lower extremities with their blockage (thrombophlebitis), phlebitis after repeated intravenous injections, blockage and inflammation of hemorrhoidal veins, ulcerative lesions of the skin of the extremities.
• Directions for use: Apply a thin layer of ointment to the skin, rubbing gently 2-3 times a day. The product can be used for compresses and bandages.
• Contraindications: decreased blood clotting, decreased platelet levels in the blood, ulcerative necrotic processes.

Heparin ointment is available in tubes of 10 and 25 g.

Compresses for orchitis

To eliminate swelling, inflammation and pain in orchitis, patients are advised to make compresses. This treatment involves applying a bandage soaked in a medicinal substance to the scrotum. Compresses can be dry, wet, cold and warming.

For inflammation of the testicle, compresses with various ointments, decoctions and infusions based on medicinal herbs are used. Let's look at popular medicinal recipes:

• Take 1-2 tablespoons of bean flour or flax seed flour. Mix it with vinegar until a thick paste forms. Spread the mixture evenly on a gauze pad and apply to the scrotum area.
• Place flax seeds in gauze, tie well and place in boiling water for 10-20 minutes. Cool slightly and apply the compress to the affected organ.
• Take equal proportions of fresh Ruta herb and dry bay leaves. Grind both components separately and mix. Place the herbal mixture on a linen cloth and apply to the scrotum 2-3 times a day.
• Grind fresh horsetail grass and place it on a cotton cloth. Apply as a compress to the scrotum.
• Mix equal parts crushed aloe, honey and red wine. The mixture should have the consistency of sour cream. Spread the remedy on gauze and apply to the inflamed organ.
• Grind fresh Vicks grass to a mushy state and spread it evenly over a linen cloth. It is recommended to use the compress 2-3 times a day.
• Finely chop a couple of fresh cabbage leaves and combine with a small amount of vinegar. Spread the prepared gruel on gauze and apply to the scrotum. For a compress, you can use a whole cabbage leaf soaked in vinegar. Cabbage reduces pain, relieves swelling and fever.

In addition to the above recipes, herbal infusions can be used for compresses. Anti-inflammatory properties are provided by lotions made from decoctions of chamomile, St. John's wort, sage, calendula, echinacea, and yarrow. Compresses based on mint and eucalyptus infusions are no less effective. A dry, cold towel can also be applied to the scrotum to relieve itching and painful symptoms.

Compresses for orchitis are an auxiliary treatment method, since the main emphasis is on drug therapy. Lotions and compresses can be used from the first days of the disease until complete recovery.

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Anti-inflammatory drugs for orchitis

Basic therapy for orchitis includes taking anti-inflammatory drugs, since the disease occurs with severe inflammation. Let's look at effective drugs that are used for damage to the male genitourinary organs:

1. Diclovit

Stops inflammatory and painful processes in the body, reduces tissue swelling. The mechanism of action of the drug is based on inhibition of the activity of inflammatory enzymes and suppression of COX-1, COX-2.

• Indications for use: inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the articular apparatus, rheumatic lesions, pain syndrome in the post-traumatic period. Neuralgia, lumbago, sciatica, spinal diseases. Postoperative pain, ENT diseases, neuritis of unknown genesis, renal colic, fever.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the drug, so they are determined by the attending physician. For orchitis, both tablets for oral use and rectal suppositories or gel can be prescribed.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, nausea, vomiting, tremors of the extremities, diarrhea, temporary decrease in hearing and vision, headaches and dizziness, asthenic conditions, etc.
• Contraindications: gastrointestinal diseases in the acute stage, proctitis, hemorrhoids, hematopoiesis disorders, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, pediatric patients. It is prescribed with special caution in case of kidney disorders, liver pathologies, during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in case of heart failure.
• Overdose: headaches and dizziness, nausea, pain in the epigastric region, liver and kidney dysfunction, bleeding. There is no specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic.

Release form: rectal suppositories, gel for external use, capsules for oral administration.

2. Cefekon

Anti-inflammatory agent with the active component - paracetamol. Has analgesic and antipyretic properties. Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, reduces the excitability of the thermoregulation center in the hypothalamus.

• Indications for use: feverish conditions in infectious and inflammatory diseases, pain syndrome of weak and moderate intensity of various origins. Fever after vaccination.
• The method of administration and dosage are determined by the doctor, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bowel disorder, allergic skin reactions, anemia, renal dysfunction.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, impaired renal and hepatic function, congenital deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, patients under 1 month of age, inflammation and bleeding in the rectum.

Cefekon is available in the form of rectal suppositories, 10 pieces per package.

3. Indomethacin

Active NSAID inhibiting prostaglandin biosynthesis. Has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Indications for use: infectious and allergic diseases from the group of collagenoses, periarthritis, diseases of the spine and joints, gout. Inflammatory lesions of connective tissue, musculoskeletal system. Thrombophlebitis, nephrotic syndrome, pain in the spine, neuralgia, myalgia. Traumatic inflammation of soft tissues and the musculoskeletal system, diffuse diseases of connective tissue. Complex treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs, adnexitis, prostatitis, cystitis.
• Method of administration: orally, after meals. Initial dosage is 25 mg 2-3 times a day with a gradual increase to 100-150 mg per day divided into 3-4 doses. The duration of treatment is determined by the severity of the disease, so it is individual for each patient.
• Side effects: headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, gastrointestinal disorders, loss of appetite, dyspeptic symptoms, allergic reactions. Treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, bronchial asthma, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: tablets and capsules of 25 mg for oral administration, rectal suppositories of 50 and 100 mg, injection solution in ampoules of 1 ml.

4. Ibuprofen

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent. The drug contains the active ingredient - ibuprofen. 1 tablet contains 200 mg of the active substance.

• Indications for use: traumatic inflammation of soft tissues and the musculoskeletal system, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, neuralgia, myalgia, gout, radiculitis. Complex therapy of ENT diseases, headache and toothache.
• Method of administration: orally. The dosage and duration of treatment are determined by the attending physician. The maximum daily dose is 2.4 g.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, flatulence, headaches and dizziness, increased irritability. Sleep disturbances and temporary decrease in visual acuity, skin allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, aspirin triad, hematopoiesis disorder, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage. Patients under 6 years of age, severe liver and kidney dysfunction.
• Overdose: pain in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, depression, headaches, tinnitus, drowsiness. Increased heart rate, hypotension, respiratory arrest. Treatment: gastric lavage, intake of enterosorbents, alkaline drinks and further symptomatic therapy.

Release form: enteric-coated tablets of 200 mg, 100 tablets per package.

5. Phenylbutazone

NSAID, pyrazolone derivative. Has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Reduces uric acid levels in the blood.

• Indications for use: inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the musculoskeletal system, pain syndrome of various etiologies, fever syndrome.
• For local use: the ointment is used to treat joint and pain syndrome, phantom pain, dermatitis, inflammation of the skin, 2-3 degree burns, superficial thrombophlebitis, inflammatory infiltrates, hematomas, inflammation of hemorrhoids.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the drug and are selected individually for each patient.
• Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug, aspirin triad, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage, severe renal/hepatic insufficiency. For local use: trophic ulcers, eczema, damage to the integrity of the skin.
• Side effects: gastrointestinal disorders, increased blood pressure, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, headaches and dizziness, drowsiness, allergic skin reactions, increased sweating.
• Overdose: cyanosis of the extremities, lips and skin, headaches and dizziness, blood pressure surges, clouding of consciousness, impaired renal and hepatic function, abdominal pain, hyperventilation of the lungs. Symptomatic treatment: gastric lavage. Hemodialysis and forced diuresis are ineffective.

Release form: tablets for oral administration and ointment for external use.

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Orchitis tablets

Treatment of testicular inflammation consists of a complex of various medications aimed at stopping the inflammatory process, destroying pathogens and eliminating swelling. Let's consider which tablets can be used for orchitis and its complications:

1. Canephron

A medicinal product with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Contains active substances of plant origin, which have a complex effect on the body, reduce the severity of inflammation, relieve spasms of the urinary tract and have a diuretic effect. Each tablet contains: centaury herb 18 mg, lovage roots 18 mg, rosemary leaves 18 mg and a number of auxiliary components.

• Indications for use: acute and chronic infectious diseases of the bladder and kidneys. Prevention of stone formation.
• Directions for use: Take 1-2 tablets 2-3 times a day. The duration of treatment is determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, skin rashes, itching, hyperemia of the skin. Attacks of nausea and vomiting, bowel disorders. Treatment is symptomatic. No cases of overdose have been recorded.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity, relapses of peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract, renal and cardiac insufficiency, monotherapy in case of renal dysfunction. Pregnancy and lactation.

Canephron is available in tablet form, 20 capsules per blister, 3 blisters per package.

2. Sonisin

The drug contains the active substance - tamsulosin hydrochloride. The therapeutic effect is due to the selective blockade of the active component of the adrenoreceptors of the muscles of the prostate gland, bladder and urethra. Relieves spasms of the urinary tract, eliminates obstruction, inflammatory processes and irritation.

• Indications for use: urination disorders, inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system, prostatic hyperplasia.
• Directions for use: 1 capsule once daily after meals. The duration of treatment is determined by the attending physician.
• Side effects: headaches and dizziness, nausea, digestive disorders, decreased libido, sleep disorders, back and chest pain. In rare cases, skin allergic reactions develop.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, orthostatic hypotension, impaired renal and hepatic function.
• Overdose: increased heart rate, acute arterial hypotension. Treatment is symptomatic with mandatory drug withdrawal.

Sonisin is available in the form of capsules for oral administration, 400 mg each, 10 pieces per blister, 1-3 blisters per package.

3. Cialis

This drug is prescribed for the treatment of one of the complications of orchitis - erectile dysfunction. The drug contains the active component - tadalafil 20 mg, which selectively inhibits cyclic guanosine monophosphate.

Reduces smooth muscle tone and increases blood flow to the tissues of the genital organ. Does not change the quality characteristics of sperm, does not affect the cardiovascular system, liver, skeletal muscles and other organs.

The dosage is selected individually for each patient. Side effects are most often manifested by dyspeptic disorders and headaches. The drug is contraindicated in case of intolerance to its components and for patients under 18 years of age.

4. Tavanic

Antimicrobial and antiparasitic agent with the active component - levofloxacin. The active substance belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones and has an ultra-broad antibacterial spectrum of action.

The mechanism of action of the drug is to block the bacterial enzyme responsible for the replication of pathogenic DNA. Due to this, the aggression of pathogenic microorganisms decreases and sensitivity to the bactericidal action of the drug increases. The drug is active against anaerobes. The specific mechanism of action reduces the risk of developing cross-resistance when using other antibiotics.

• Indications for use: urinary tract infections, septicemia, intra-abdominal infections, tuberculosis, bacterial prostatitis, skin infections and ENT lesions, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, community-acquired pneumonia, bronchopulmonary infections.
• Method of administration: orally 1-2 tablets per day. Duration of treatment is 3-5 days. When using an infusion solution, therapy can last about 14 days.
• Side effects: tachycardia, nausea and vomiting, hepatitis, dysbacteriosis, dizziness and headaches, insomnia, increased anxiety, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, patients under 18 years of age, pregnancy and lactation, glucocorticosteroid therapy, epilepsy and tendency to epileptic seizures. It is prescribed with special caution to elderly patients.
• Overdose: convulsions, loss of consciousness, nausea and vomiting, erosive lesions of the mucous membranes. Treatment is symptomatic, hemodialysis is ineffective. There is no specific antidote.

Tavanic is available in several forms: tablets of 250 and 500 mg, infusion solution in 100 ml vials.

5. Mirlox

NSAIDs from the group of selective COX-2 blockers from the pharmacological group of oxicams. It has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The composition of 1 tablet includes 7.5 or 15 mg of the active substance melokiskam and a complex of auxiliary components.

• Indications for use: pain syndromes of various etiologies. The drug has found particular application in symptomatic therapy of rheumatic diseases, osteoarthrosis and Bechterew's disease.
• Method of administration: orally 7.5 mg per day. In case of severe pain, the dosage can be increased to 15 mg, divided into two doses.
• Side effects: nausea and vomiting, erosive-mucous lesions of the intestinal and gastric lining, dry mouth, allergic reactions, increased heart rate, dysuric disorders.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, exacerbation of ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, patients under 15 years of age. Not used during pregnancy and lactation.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, renal and hepatic failure, epigastric pain. Symptomatic treatment – a complex of detoxification measures.

Mirlox is available as round, enteric-coated oral tablets.

• Dimexide for orchitis

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent with antimicrobial action. Changes the sensitivity of microflora resistant to antibacterial drugs. Contains the active substance - dimethyl sulfoxide.

• Indications for use: traumatic infiltrates, inflammatory edemas, purulent wounds and abscesses. Inflammatory lesions of the musculoskeletal system, chronic osteomyelitis, nodular erythema, streptoderma.
• Method of application: the medicine is used in the form of aqueous solutions for soaking tampons and compresses. Bandages are applied to the affected tissues, capturing healthy areas of the skin. For orchitis and its complications, use a 30-50% aqueous solution of 50-100 ml 2-3 times a day.
• Side effects: erythema, itching, dermatitis, bowel disorder, dizziness, insomnia, adynamia. In particularly severe cases, nausea, vomiting and bronchospasms occur. Overdose has similar symptoms. For treatment, the drug should be discontinued, the skin should be washed with clean water.
• Contraindications: cardiovascular failure, atherosclerosis, angina, renal and hepatic dysfunction, comatose states, stroke. Not prescribed during pregnancy and lactation, for patients under 12 years of age.

Dimexide is available in the form of a solution in 50 and 100 ml bottles.

• Phlebodia with orchitis

An effective angioprotective agent that normalizes blood flow in blood vessels, restores their tone, eliminates swelling and normalizes metabolic processes is Phlebodia. In case of orchitis, this medicine is prescribed after the acute inflammatory process has been stopped. The drug promotes the restoration of the affected organ.

Phlebodia contains an active component - diosmin, which has a venotonic effect, reduces congestion in the veins and increases their tone. Affects microcirculation, improves lymphatic drainage and increases capillary resistance.

• Indications for use: lymphovenous insufficiency, microcirculation disorders, uncomplicated hemorrhoids, CVI of the lower extremities.
• Method of administration: orally 1-2 tablets per day for 1-3 months. The course of treatment and dosage are determined by the attending physician, individually for each patient.
• Side effects: dyspeptic symptoms, headaches, allergic reactions. No cases of overdose have been registered.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, patients under 18 years of age, pregnancy and lactation.

The drug is available in tablet form, 15 or 30 capsules per package, 600 mg of active ingredient each.

• Treatment with biseptol

Biseptol is a combined antibacterial agent. It contains two active components - sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. Their interaction provides bactericidal activity against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria resistant to sulfanilamide drugs.

• Indications for use: acute and chronic infectious processes in the body. Inflammation of the bladder and urinary tract, inflammation of the kidney tissue and renal pelvis, prostatitis, gonococcal urethritis. ENT infections: tonsillitis, otitis media, pleural empyema, pneumonia. Gastrointestinal and surgical infections, septicemia, uncomplicated gonorrhea.
• Directions for use: Adult patients and children over 12 years of age are prescribed 480 mg 4 times a day (4 tablets) or 8 measuring spoons of syrup. The maximum daily dose is 6 tablets/12 spoons of syrup. The daily dosage is divided into two doses. In acute infections, the medicine is taken for 5 days until the painful symptoms disappear completely.
• Side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, nephropathy, allergic reactions of varying severity, decreased levels of leukocytes in the blood, agranulocytosis.
• Contraindications: individual intolerance to the components of the drug, diseases of the hematopoietic system, pregnancy and lactation, impaired renal and hepatic function. The drug is prescribed to pediatric patients with particular caution. During therapy, the blood picture should be monitored.

Treatment of testicular inflammation with Biseptol lasts for 3-5 days until the painful symptoms are relieved. The drug is available in tablets in dosages of 80, 100 and 400 mg, as well as in the form of syrup in 80 ml bottles (1 ml - 40 mg sulfamethoxazole and 8 mg trimethoprim).

Vitamins

Organic components necessary for the normal functioning and development of any living organism are vitamins. In case of orchitis, a man is prescribed drugs that help strengthen the immune system for a speedy recovery.

Essential vitamins for men:

• A - retinol is a growth vitamin, it synthesizes proteins and fats. Promotes the production of sex hormones and supports immunity. Increases potency, improves testosterone production, reduces the risk of developing malignant tumors. Contained in chicken and beef liver, red fruits, fish oil, olive oil, chicken and quail eggs, pumpkin, carrots.
• B – vitamins of this group do not directly affect the genitourinary system, but improve the general condition of the body, which speeds up the recovery process. Restore energy balance and stimulate the central nervous system. Promote better absorption of proteins and amino acids. With a deficiency of group B, increased irritability, sleep disorders, and depressive states appear. Vitamins are found in cheese, peanuts, tuna, salmon, oysters, beans, and potatoes.
• C – supports the immune system, normalizes blood pressure and reduces cholesterol levels. Ascorbic acid is responsible for the viability of sperm, increasing the chances of conception. Contained in citrus fruits, rose hips, sweet peppers, black currants.
• D – eliminates erectile dysfunction, participates in the functioning of the genitourinary system. Contained in sea and river fish, eggs, dairy products, and is also produced by the body when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.
• E – improves the condition of blood vessels, reduces the risk of weakening potency and prevents infertility. Tocopherol deficiency negatively affects the condition of sperm. Contained in vegetable oil, dairy products, sprouted grains, asparagus, chicken and quail eggs.
• Folic acid (B9) – promotes cell regeneration and strengthens vascular walls. Deficiency of the substance has a negative effect on the state of the central nervous system and potency. Found in beef and fresh greens.
• L-carnitine – takes part in the formation of male potency. If there is a shortage of it, the quality of ejaculate deteriorates and the risk of erectile dysfunction increases. L-carnitine is found in red meat and dairy products, liver.
• Zinc – improves the production of the main male hormone – testosterone. With a zinc deficiency, there is poor production of sperm and a decrease in libido. The substance is found in buckwheat, red meat, carrots, seeds and nuts, black bread.

To supply the body with the above components, you should balance your diet. You can also buy ready-made multivitamin complexes at the pharmacy: Duovit, Velmen, Alphabet, Farmamed and others.

Physiotherapy treatment

After the acute inflammatory processes in the scrotum have subsided, patients are prescribed physiotherapy. Physiotherapy is especially effective in chronic forms of orchitis, as it has the following properties:

• Eliminate stagnant processes.
• Improves blood flow in the testicles and pelvic organs.
• Stops the spread of infection.
• Increase local immunity.
• Reduces painful sensations.
• Accelerate the recovery process.

Let's look at the main treatment methods used for orchitis:

1. Magnetotherapy – the affected tissues are exposed to an alternating magnetic field. This normalizes vascular tone, increases tissue resistance and improves blood microcirculation. This method has a pronounced analgesic effect and creates all the conditions for activating local immune protection.
2. Ultrasound – increases local tissue permeability, improving the penetration of medicinal preparations with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory action into tissues.
3. Laser therapy – has an analgesic and stimulating effect. Activates chemical reactions that increase the level of tissue metabolism.
4. Endourethral laser therapy with a helium-neon laser – reduces pain in the groin and scrotum, improves blood flow.
5. Infrared radiation – promotes the expansion of blood vessels in irradiated organs and tissues. Improves metabolic processes, reduces discomfort, and reduces muscle spasms.
6. Ultraviolet irradiation – increases the body's defenses, accelerates the recovery process. Normalizes blood circulation in the pelvic organs, resolves inflammation foci.

In addition to the above physiotherapeutic methods, reflexology (impact on biological points), electrotherapy (accelerates regenerative processes), as well as mud and mineral baths may be prescribed for treatment. In addition to physiotherapy, the patient is prescribed a diet rich in vitamins and minerals, which increase the protective properties of the immune system.

Surgical treatment

If conservative therapy is ineffective, or if orchitis is severe, patients are prescribed surgical treatment.

Main indications for surgery:

• Testicular damage due to trauma.
• Suppuration of an organ: abscess, microabscesses.
• Severe course of the disease with acute painful symptoms.
• Seals in the scrotum that do not resolve on their own.
• Orchitis of tuberculous origin.
• Chronic inflammation with frequent exacerbations.
• Ineffectiveness of treatment of the acute form of the disease after 36 hours from the moment of admission to hospital.

Surgical techniques used for orchitis:

1. Scrotal puncture – performed for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The operation is performed under local anesthesia using a special puncture needle. Allows to avoid unnecessary resection or orchiectomy, reduces the intensity of pain syndrome, and reduces pressure in the scrotum. Puncture is not performed in case of an extensive infectious process.
2. Resection is a low-trauma operation with removal of part of the organ. It is performed under local anesthesia and involves wedge-shaped removal of the affected tissue. It allows preserving the functional abilities of the testicle, but there is a risk of complications of the operated organ.
3. Orchiectomy is an operation to remove the testicle together with its appendage. It is performed in case of purulent processes, abscess, and spread of infection to other organs and tissues. It is performed under local anesthesia - infiltrative and conductive anesthesia. The surgeon cuts the anterior surface of the scrotum and removes the organ. If bilateral removal is performed, it leads to irreversible male infertility and a decrease in the production of sex hormones.
4. The incision method allows for timely detection of purulent foci and decompression of the organ. Small incisions no more than 5 mm deep are made on the surface of the testicle. It is often used for diagnostic rather than therapeutic purposes.

The method of surgical treatment depends on the severity of the pathological process, the presence of complications and the age of the patient.