Physiotherapy for osteochondrosis of the spine

Osteochondrosis of the spine is a degenerative-dystrophic disease of the spine, characterized by reflex, radicular, spinal, vascular-radicular-spinal syndromes, vertebral artery syndrome. The main clinical manifestations of this disease are pain syndrome of the corresponding localization and severity, as well as various vegetative-vascular disorders.

The main goal of physiotherapy for spinal osteochondrosis is to eliminate or significantly reduce the characteristic pain, which determines the choice of the method of physiotherapeutic intervention.

As already noted, physiotherapy methods that have a predominantly analgesic effect include (listed in order of decreasing clinical effectiveness):

• diadynamic therapy;
• short-pulse electroanalgesia;
• amplipulse therapy;
• medicinal electrophoresis;
• ultrasound therapy and medicinal phonophoresis;
• laser (magnetic laser) therapy.

The main ones are short-pulse electroanalgesia, drug electrophoresis and laser (magnetic laser) therapy.

It is recommended that patients undergo short-pulse electroanalgesia using the Dia-DENS-T device.

The exposed skin surface is affected alternately by two fields paravertebrally in the area of greatest pain upon palpation of the corresponding segment of the spinal cord. The method of action is contact, stable.

The frequency of electrical impulses in case of severe pain syndrome is 77 Hz; in case of mild pain, as well as after a significant reduction in pain syndrome during treatment, 10 Hz.

The voltage of the electric current is strictly individual (according to subjective sensations in the form of a slight “tingling” under the electrode).

The first 2-3 days the procedure is carried out 2 times a day (in the morning on an empty stomach and before dinner), then until the end of the course of treatment - 1 time a day in the morning (before 12 o'clock). The exposure time per field is 10 minutes. The course of treatment is 5-15 procedures daily.

It is advisable to carry out medicinal electrophoresis of painkillers using the Elfor-I (Elfor™) device using generally accepted methods of treatment for this pathology.

Laser (magnetolaser) therapy of spinal osteochondrosis with neurological manifestations can be carried out in any conditions with a sofa, couch, bed. Devices with infrared emitters (wavelength 0.8 - 0.9 μm) are used both in continuous radiation generation mode and in pulsed mode with the appropriate frequency. The patient's position during the procedure is lying on his stomach. The method of exposure is contact, stable.

Using OR emitters with an irradiation area of about 1 cm2 using the contact method, the effect is carried out on the exposed skin along the spine on the corresponding segment of the spinal cord in three fields: one between the spinous processes of the vertebrae, the other two paravertebrally on the left and right.

Fields of influence:

• I - III - the area of the spinal cord segment corresponding to the greatest pain during palpation of the spine or during its movement;
• IV - VI - the area of the spinal cord segment above the greatest pain;
• VII - IX - the region of the spinal cord segment above the previous one;
• X - XII - the area of the spinal cord segment below the greatest pain;
• XIII - XV - the region of the spinal cord segment below the previous one.

Using a matrix emitter with an area of 5 - 20 cm2 ^, the effect is carried out on the exposed skin on the corresponding segment of the spinal cord with one field with a transverse arrangement of the matrix emitter along the midline of the spine.

Fields of influence:

• I - the area of the spinal cord segment corresponding to the greatest pain during palpation of the spine or during its movement;
• II - the region of the spinal cord segment below the previous one;
• III - the region of the spinal cord segment above the previous one.

PPM OR 5-10 mW/cm2 ^. Magnetic nozzle induction 20-40 mT. Pulsed laser radiation generation frequency: in case of severe pain syndrome 50-100 Hz; in case of mild pain, as well as after significant reduction of pain syndrome during treatment 5-10 Hz. Exposure time per field: in the cervical spine 1 min, in the thoracic - up to 2 min, in the lumbosacral - up to 5 min. Total time for one procedure with continuous radiation mode up to 30 min, with pulsed radiation mode up to 20 min. A course of laser (magnetolaser) therapy includes 10-15 procedures daily once a day in the morning (before 12 a.m.).

It is possible to carry out the procedures sequentially in one day at home for osteochondrosis of the spine (the interval between procedures is not less than 30 minutes):

• medicinal electrophoresis + laser (magnetic laser) therapy;
• medicinal electrophoresis + magnetic therapy;
• short-pulse electroanalgesia (in the morning) + medicinal electrophoresis (in the evening).

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