Myofascial pain

Myofascial pain occurs at times when predisposing factors combine with provocative. In the concepts of the uninitiated in the anatomy of people, the entire muscle layer is represented only by the muscles.

Many do not realize that there are still ligaments and fasciae, which are also an integral part of the muscular skeleton. Muscle pain differs from fascial not only in the lesion of different tissue systems, but also in the level of location. So, muscular pain refers to the number of superficial, and myofascial pains - to the number of deep ones. Miao-fascial pain syndromes are also called inflammation of the periarticular soft tissues.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

What causes myofascial pain?

Congenital or acquired disorders of the bone apparatus, which can be: flat feet, pelvic deformities, a big difference in the length of the legs. In the presence of such violations, there is a constant imbalance in the redistribution of the load on all muscle groups, giving an overload in the direction of individual groups or individual muscles. Being in constant overstrain of the muscles, suffer from a shortage of all necessary nutrients for active living. As a result, pathological processes that irritate the nerve endings begin to develop, with which the muscles themselves, the tendons, but most of all the fascia, are rich. From here:

• severe pain syndrome;
• permanent fatigue of the muscles as a result of impaired posture or the same type of labor activity that exerts a strain on a certain group of muscles;
• prolonged muscle movement (for example, medical langets if improperly applied during bone fracture);
• colds and hypothermia;
• joint diseases;
• diseases of internal organs (peptic ulcer, cardiac muscle infarction and angina pectoris, kidney pathology and gynecological problems);
• overweight;
• mental disorders caused by nervous exhaustion due to frequent stresses or the presence of some kind of mental illness. Any state of anxiety is accompanied by muscular tension. Prolonged muscle tension, as mentioned above, leads to the development of a situation in which myofascial pain occurs.

It is worth noting some predisposing factors that allow foreseeing the occurrence of problems with the musculoskeletal device of a person. These include:

• underdeveloped musculature
• weakened immunity
• lack of vitamins (prolonged vitamin deficiency) and basic microelements in the body
• thyroid disease, in particular hypothyroidism

Diagnosis of myofascial pain

To make an accurate diagnosis of the myofascial pain syndrome, the doctor needs to analyze a lot of facts, impose the results of the patient's survey on the data of instrumental and laboratory tests. During the initial examination, the doctor must note the following data:

• is there a relationship of pain to muscle tension during physical exertion - myofascial pain tends to increase during muscle tension, low temperature action on them and calm down at rest, and under the influence of heat;
• palpated whether the spasmodic area of the muscle, reminiscent of a tight cord, causing increased pain at the time of his palpation. This is an indicator of the fascial nature of pain;
• Whether the pain is reflected at the time of palpation of the spasmodized muscle region in areas of sufficient distance from the sore spot;
• presence of high sensitivity zones (spot pain) during palpation. Such diseased points are called trigger points. When pressure is applied to the trigger point of the spasmodic cuff, the pain is repeatedly amplified. This is also very indicative and simplifies further diagnosis;
• is characteristic of the "retreat" of pain with local treatment of the painful muscle region by specialized methods;
• general psychological state of the patient, whether there are signs of depression or nervous overexertion, feelings of fear, depression, or vice versa, increased excitability, aggressiveness.

[5], [6], [7], [8], [9],

Methods of treatment of myofascial pain

Myofascial pain can be treated both medically and without the use of medication.

Actually, you need to start with a non-pharmacological method.

• A person suffering from myofascial pain syndrome needs to master, with the help of a specialist, some techniques that allow him to quickly perform muscle relaxation.
• It is worth paying attention to the organization of your working space - nothing should force you to violate the right posture, a long stay in the same pose.
• Exclude completely the effects of drafts.
• Avoid overwork.
• Take the habit of exercising in the morning, doing physical exercises in working breaks, for 10 minutes, every hour, attending a fitness center or a gym at least once a week, preferably the first time to conduct classes with a personal trainer.
• Visiting physical therapy during an acute attack
• Carrying out a year of several courses of massage, aimed at either all muscle groups at once, or on more vulnerable individual muscles.
• In the presence of congenital disorders in the bone apparatus, correction should begin in early childhood.

Medication, especially during an acute attack, should begin with the administration of any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. They can be diclofenac or ibuprofen, orthophene or naproxen.

Myofascial pain can be temporarily stopped by strong analgesics, for example tramadol. This drug belongs to the number of synthetic opioids and is available to physicians, it should be administered only as prescribed by the doctor in severe cases. At home, it is possible to use OTC drugs capable of relieving spasm related to antispasmodics or simple analgesics - no-spa, baralgin, lidocaine and others.

The use of muscle relaxants and antidepressants is indicated if there are suspicions of the psychogenic nature of the appearance of pain. Local effect on the muscle through the application of medicinal ointment and helium drugs.

In each specific case, different combinations of drugs will be selected, in combination with non-medicamental methods of treatment. Someone will have enough intake of tablets, someone will require the introduction of drugs intramuscularly. There is also a category of patients who, for the relief of a painful attack, have to perform a shredding of a sore spot (subcutaneous and intramuscular injection of drugs) with analgesic or anti-inflammatory drugs. This method is called blockade.

Prevention of myofascial pain

Already in the course of reading the text, you can draw conclusions about how to warn yourself against the onset and development of myofascial pain. It is important to monitor posture, observe the regime of work and rest, avoid stressful situations and overwork. Pay more attention to body health, work on strengthening the musculoskeletal system. Saturate your diet with highly fortified food, do not abuse carbohydrates and calories. Refuse bad habits and focus on strengthening immunity.

A particularly careful approach to training your body should be in people with congenital or acquired changes in the musculoskeletal skeleton. They will need maximum application of efforts to achieve the set tasks to combat overload and spasms of different muscle groups. Only efforts of will and a spirit of victory will be their most important stimulus. Agree, the state of complete satisfaction with one's own health is worth it to overcome your laziness and fear of difficulties.

As can be seen from the given material, myofascial pain is a serious enough problem and it needs to be solved in close cooperation with professionals, both in the field of medicine and maintaining a healthy spirit in a healthy body.