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Infectious Mononucleosis - Treatment
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Drug treatment of infectious mononucleosis
In vitro, acyclovir and interferon alpha suppress the replication of the Epstein-Barr virus, but their clinical efficacy has not been proven. In cases of severe necrotic changes in the tonsils, antibacterial treatment of infectious mononucleosis (fluoroquinolones, macrolides) is prescribed. Ampicillin is contraindicated due to the occurrence of a rash in 80% of patients.
Glucocorticoid drugs can significantly reduce the duration of fever and inflammatory changes in the oropharynx, but they are recommended to be prescribed only in severe forms, with airway obstruction, hemolytic anemia and neurological complications.
In case of spleen rupture, immediate surgical intervention is necessary. In case of significant enlargement of the spleen, the motor regime is limited, sports can be done only 6-8 weeks after discharge from the hospital. If hepatitis is detected - diet No. 5 should be followed for 6 months after EBV infectious mononucleosis. Physical activity is limited for 3 months.
Regime and diet
Semi-bed rest regime. Table No. 5. Treatment of infectious mononucleosis is most often carried out in outpatient settings. It is recommended to drink plenty of fluids, rinse the oropharynx with antiseptic solutions, NSAIDs.
Approximate periods of incapacity for work
15-30 days.
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Clinical examination
Not regulated. It is recommended to be observed by a therapist (pediatrician) in case of persistent polyadenopathy.
Patient information sheet
Maintaining a semi-bed rest regimen throughout the febrile period. Limiting physical activity. Drinking plenty of fluids, diet No. 5.
Timely treatment of infectious mononucleosis. Peripheral blood test. Outpatient observation by an infectious disease specialist, therapist.