Drugs for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is not insured, just as there is no magic pill to treat it. But there are methods that reduce the risk of neurodegenerative pathology and slow its progression.

Consider effective drugs prescribed for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease to patients who are at risk. Medications improve memory and thinking, correct behavioral disorders and emotional lability:

1. Zinnarizin

Antagonist of calcium ions, suppresses their entry into the cells of the body. Positively affects the peripheral, cerebral and coronary circulation. Improves microcirculation processes. Increases the plasticity of red blood cells, reduces the viscosity of the blood. Increases the resistance of tissues to hypoxia, reduces the excitability of the vestibular apparatus.

• Indications for use: cerebral circulation disorders, vascular spasms, atherosclerosis, craniocerebral trauma, stroke. The drug reduces headaches, tinnitus and improves general condition.
• Usage: orally after meals, 25 mg 1-3 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, gastrointestinal disorders, extrapyramidal disorders, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance of active ingredients, pregnancy and lactation.

Form release: tablets of 25 and 75 mg of cinnarizine, in a package of 20 and 60 pieces, drops for oral intake of 20 ml in a vial.

2. Aktovegin 

Deproteinized extract from calves' blood. Activates metabolic processes at the cellular level, increases transport and accumulation of glucose, oxygen. Increases the energy resources of the cell. Stimulates energy processes of functional metabolism and anabolism, strengthens the blood supply to the brain.

• Indications for use: cerebral circulation insufficiency, ischemic stroke, craniocerebral trauma, peripheral circulation disorders, angiopathy, trophic disorders in varicose veins, ulcerous lesions of various etiologies, burns, radiation injuries, dystrophic processes in the cornea.
• The method of application and dosage depends on the severity of the indications for use. The drug is used inside, parenterally and topically.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, increased sweating, fever, lacrimation.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation.

Form release: dragee forte, solution for injection and infusion, cream and ointment 5%, eye gel.

3. Eminence

GABA, biogenic amine, which takes part in the metabolic and neurotransmitter processes of the brain. It restores metabolic processes of the brain, activates energy processes, improves the utilization of glucose, increases respiratory activity and blood supply. It removes toxic products of metabolism, increases the productivity of thinking, improves memory and has a mild psycho-stimulating effect.

• Indications for use: cerebral circulation disorders, craniocerebral trauma, cerebral artery atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular diseases. Violation of memory, speech and attention, headaches and dizziness, polyneuritis, alcoholic encephalopathy.
• Directions for use: by mouth before meals. The initial dosage of 500 mg twice a day with a gradual increase to 1 g 2 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Side effects: dyspeptic disorders, sleep disorders, jumps in blood pressure, a feeling of heat.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Product: tablets for oral administration of 6, 12 pcs. In the cell pack.

4. Glycine

A replaceable amino acid with neuro-metabolic, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Regulates metabolic processes in the body, stimulates the protective inhibition of the central nervous system. Improves mental capacity, removes psychoemotional stress. Takes part in the synthesis of other amino acids. Improves mood and favorably affects sleep phases.

• Indications for use: dysfunction of the nervous system, mental and physical exhaustion, sleep disorders, mental retardation, excessive excitability, neuroses and anxiety. Ischemic stroke, psychoemotional overstrain, long-term stress, encephalopathy of various origins.
• How to use: tablets are placed under the tongue or on the cheek for 1 capsule 2-3 times a day. The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks.
• Side effects: allergic reactions. Cases of overdose are not fixed.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, low blood pressure, patients younger than 2 years.

Form release: sublingual tablets of 50 pcs. Packaged.

5. Memorial

Homeopathic medicinal product with nootropic effect. It has pronounced antihypoxic and vasoregulating properties. Reduces the permeability of vascular walls and reduces the susceptibility of vessels to biogenic vasopressor components.

Improves elasticity and increases the tone of blood vessels, stimulates microcirculation and circulation. Stimulates mental activity and improves cognitive functions. Slows age-related degenerative changes in the brain.

• Indications for use: brain damage, memory impairment, reduced concentration of attention, increased intellectual load, depletion of the nervous system. Headaches and dizziness, complex therapy of atherosclerosis, dementia, conditions after craniocerebral injuries.
• Directions: Orally, 3-10 drops 2-3 times a day in undiluted or diluted form. The duration of treatment is individual for each patient.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, photosensitivity. No cases of overdose
• Contraindications: intolerance of the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation.

Product: alcohol drops for oral intake of 20, 50 or 100 ml in bottles of dark glass with a lid-dropper.

6. Picalon

Nootropics, improves mental activity and memory. It is used for disorders of cerebral circulation of mild and moderate severity, increased anxiety and irritability, vegetovascular dystonia, and withdrawal syndrome. Increases resistance to physical and mental stress.

The medicine is taken inside regardless of food. The average dosage is 20-50 mg 3-3 times a day, the course of treatment is 1-2 months. Side effects are manifested by increased anxiety, irritability, headaches and nausea. Also, skin allergic reactions are possible. Treatment is symptomatic. The drug is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to its components, as well as in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Pikamilon has a tablet form of release for 10, 20 and 50 mg in a package of 30 pcs.

7. Caitlin

It dilates the blood vessels of the brain, strengthens and improves blood supply, promotes the utilization of glucose. Reduces the adhesion of platelets, relaxes smooth muscles.

• Indications for use: neurological and mental disorders caused by a disorder of cerebral circulation. Memory disorders and speech, headaches and dizziness, hypertension, vasovegetative symptoms during menopause. Atherosclerotic and angiospastic changes in the retina, secondary glaucoma.
• How to use: 1-2 tablets 3 times a day for a long period of time. The therapeutic effect makes itself felt in 1-2 weeks after the start of treatment. When administered intravenously, the doctor determines the dose.
• Side effects: tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, allergic and local reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance of the components of the drug, severe violation of the rhythm of heartbeats, pregnancy and lactation. It is not used for unstable arterial pressure and low vascular tone.

Product: tablets of 50 mg in a package of 50 pcs., A solution of 0.5% in ampoules of 2 ml.

8. Trental

The xanthine derivative improves the microcirculation and rheological properties of the blood. Normalizes the elasticity of red blood cells, reduces the adhesion of platelets and improves the viscosity of the blood. It improves tissue respiration, stimulates metabolic processes in the central nervous system.

• Indications for use: violation of cerebral and peripheral blood circulation, ischemic stroke, paresthesia angioneuropathy, Raynaud's disease. Tissue damage due to microcirculation disorders, trophic ulcers, circulatory failure in the retina of the eye, impaired sexual function.
• The way of application and dosage depends on the form of release of the medication, therefore they are appointed by the attending physician.
• Side effects: violations of the gastrointestinal tract, hyperemia of the face and upper body, disorders of the heart rhythm, headaches and dizziness, skin allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance of the components of the drug, a tendency to bleeding, hemorrhagic stroke, pregnancy and lactation, hemorrhage in the retina.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, stool, dizziness, palpitations. Treatment is symptomatic, there is no specific antidote.

Form release: tablets with enteric coating of 10 pcs. In a blister, injection for 5 ml in an ampoule.

9. Piracetam

Positively affects blood circulation and metabolic processes in the brain. Increases the amount of acetylcholine at the synaptic level and the density of the cholinergic receptors. It stimulates redox processes, promotes the utilization of glucose, improves the regional blood flow and the energy potential of the body.

• Indications for use: memory, attention and speech impairment, atherosclerosis, cerebral blood flow disorders, decreased intellectual-mnestic functions, subcomatous and comatose conditions. Mental diseases, treatment and prevention of senile dementias, including Alzheimer's. Emergency care for abstinence conditions.
• The method of administration and dosage depends on the indications for use and the form of release of the medicament.
• Side effects: mental agitation, irritability, decreased concentration, increased sexual activity, angina. Overdose has similar symptoms, treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: intolerance of the drug components, acute renal failure, age of patients younger than 1 year.

Form release: capsules of 400 mg, tablets with enteric coating of 200 mg, 20% solution in ampoules of 5 ml, granules for children.

Prevention of Alzheimer's disease should include a healthy lifestyle, a balanced diet, physical and intellectual loads, positive emotions. To increase the protective properties of the immune system, the intake of vitamins and minerals, immunostimulants is recommended. Also, do not forget about the timely treatment of any disease, especially those that can cause brain damage.

[1], [2], [3], [4], [5]