Drugs to prevent Alzheimer's disease

No one is immune from Alzheimer's disease, just as there is no magic pill to treat it. But there are methods that can reduce the risk of developing neurodegenerative pathology and slow its progression.

Let's look at effective drugs prescribed for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease to patients who are at risk. The drugs improve memory and thinking, correct behavioral disorders and emotional lability:

1. Cinnarizine

Calcium ion antagonist, suppresses their entry into the body's cells. Positively affects peripheral, cerebral and coronary blood circulation. Improves microcirculation processes. Increases the plasticity of erythrocytes, reduces blood viscosity. Increases tissue resistance to hypoxia, reduces vestibular apparatus excitability.

• Indications for use: cerebrovascular accidents, vascular spasms, atherosclerosis, craniocerebral trauma, stroke. The drug reduces headaches, tinnitus and improves general condition.
• Method of administration: orally after meals, 25 mg 1-3 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, gastrointestinal disorders, extrapyramidal disorders, allergic reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to active components, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: tablets of 25 and 75 mg cinnarizine, in packages of 20 and 60 pieces, drops for oral administration of 20 ml in a bottle.

2. Actovegin

Deproteinized extract from calf blood. Activates metabolic processes at the cellular level, increases the transport and accumulation of glucose and oxygen. Increases the energy resources of the cell. Stimulates the energy processes of functional metabolism and anabolism, increases the blood supply to the brain.

• Indications for use: cerebral circulatory failure, ischemic stroke, craniocerebral trauma, peripheral circulatory disorders, angiopathy, trophic disorders in varicose veins, ulcerative lesions of various etiologies, burns, radiation injuries, dystrophic processes in the cornea.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the severity of the indications for use. The drug is used internally, parenterally and locally.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, increased sweating, increased body temperature, lacrimation.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: dragee forte, solution for injections and infusions, cream and ointment 5%, eye gel.

3. Aminalon

GABA, a biogenic amine that participates in metabolic and neurotransmitter processes in the brain. Restores metabolic processes in the brain, activates energy processes, improves glucose utilization, increases respiratory activity and blood supply. Removes toxic metabolic products, increases thinking productivity, improves memory and has a mild psychostimulating effect.

• Indications for use: cerebrovascular accidents, craniocerebral trauma, atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries, cerebrovascular diseases. Impaired memory, speech and attention, headaches and dizziness, polyneuritis, alcoholic encephalopathy.
• Method of administration: orally before meals. Initial dosage is 500 mg 2 times a day with a gradual increase to 1 g 2 times a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the attending physician.
• Side effects: dyspeptic disorders, sleep disorders, blood pressure surges, feeling of heat.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Release form: tablets for oral administration, 6, 12 pcs. in a cell package.

4. Glycine

A replaceable amino acid with neurometabolic, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Regulates metabolic processes in the body, stimulates protective inhibition of the central nervous system. Improves mental performance, relieves psycho-emotional stress. Participates in the synthesis of other amino acids. Improves mood and has a beneficial effect on sleep phases.

• Indications for use: dysfunction of the nervous system, mental and physical exhaustion, sleep disorders, mental retardation, excessive excitability, neuroses and anxiety states. Ischemic stroke, psycho-emotional overstrain, prolonged stress, encephalopathy of various origins.
• Directions for use: Place the tablets under the tongue or behind the cheek, 1 capsule 2-3 times a day. The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks.
• Side effects: allergic reactions. No cases of overdose have been recorded.
• Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, low blood pressure, patients under 2 years of age.

Release form: sublingual tablets, 50 pieces per package.

5. Memoria

Homeopathic medicine with nootropic action. Has pronounced antihypoxic and vasoregulatory properties. Reduces the permeability of vascular walls and reduces the susceptibility of vessels to biogenic vasopressor components.

Improves elasticity and increases vascular tone, stimulates microcirculation and blood circulation. Stimulates mental activity and improves cognitive functions. Slows down age-related degenerative changes in the brain.

• Indications for use: disorders of brain activity, memory impairment, decreased concentration, increased intellectual loads, exhaustion of the nervous system. Headaches and dizziness, complex therapy of atherosclerosis, dementia, conditions after craniocerebral injuries.
• Method of administration: orally, 3-10 drops 2-3 times a day undiluted or diluted with water. The duration of treatment is individual for each patient.
• Side effects: allergic reactions, photosensitivity. There are no data on cases of overdose.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation.

Release form: alcohol drops for oral administration of 20, 50 or 100 ml in dark glass bottles with a dropper cap.

6. Picamilon

Nootropic, improves mental activity and memory. Used for mild to moderate cerebral circulation disorders, increased anxiety and irritability, vegetative-vascular dystonia, withdrawal syndrome. Increases resistance to physical and mental stress.

The medicine is taken orally regardless of food. The average dosage is 20-50 mg 3-3 times a day, the course of treatment is 1-2 months. Side effects include increased anxiety, irritability, headaches and nausea. Skin allergic reactions are also possible. Treatment is symptomatic. The drug is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to its components, as well as in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Picamilon is available in tablet form of 10, 20 and 50 mg in a package of 30 pcs.

7. Cavinton

Dilates blood vessels in the brain, strengthens and improves blood supply, promotes glucose utilization. Reduces platelet aggregation, relaxes smooth muscles.

• Indications for use: neurological and mental disorders caused by cerebrovascular accident. Memory and speech disorders, headaches and dizziness, hypertension, vasovegetative symptoms during menopause. Atherosclerotic and angiospastic changes in the retina, secondary glaucoma.
• Method of administration: 1-2 tablets 3 times a day for a long period of time. The therapeutic effect becomes apparent 1-2 weeks after the start of treatment. For intravenous administration, the dose is determined by the doctor.
• Side effects: tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, allergic and local reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, severe heart rhythm disturbances, pregnancy and lactation. Not used for unstable blood pressure and low vascular tone.

Release form: 50 mg tablets in a package of 50 pcs., 0.5% solution in 2 ml ampoules.

8. Trental

A derivative of xanthine, improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood. Normalizes the elasticity of red blood cells, reduces platelet aggregation and improves blood viscosity. Improves tissue respiration, stimulates metabolic processes in the central nervous system.

• Indications for use: cerebral and peripheral blood circulation disorders, ischemic stroke, paresthesias of angioedema, Raynaud's disease. Tissue damage due to microcirculation disorders, trophic ulcers, retinal circulatory failure, sexual dysfunction.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the form of the medication, and are therefore prescribed by the attending physician.
• Side effects: gastrointestinal disorders, hyperemia of the face and upper body, abnormal heart rhythms, headaches and dizziness, allergic skin reactions.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, tendency to bleeding, hemorrhagic stroke, pregnancy and lactation, retinal hemorrhages.
• Overdose: nausea, vomiting, bowel disturbances, dizziness, increased heart rate. Treatment is symptomatic, there is no specific antidote.

Release form: enteric-coated tablets, 10 pcs. in a blister, injection solution, 5 ml in an ampoule.

9. Piracetam

Positively affects blood circulation and metabolic processes in the brain. Increases the amount of acetylcholine at the synaptic level and the density of cholinergic receptors. Stimulates oxidation-reduction processes, promotes glucose utilization, improves regional blood flow and the body's energy potential.

• Indications for use: memory, attention and speech disorders, atherosclerosis, cerebral blood flow disorders, reduced intellectual and mnestic functions, subcomatose and comatose states. Mental illnesses, treatment and prevention of senile dementia, including Alzheimer's disease. Emergency care for withdrawal states.
• The method of administration and dosage depend on the indications for use and the form of release of the medication.
• Side effects: mental agitation, irritability, decreased concentration, increased sexual activity, angina. Overdose has similar signs, treatment is symptomatic.
• Contraindications: intolerance to the components of the drug, acute renal failure, patients under 1 year of age.

Release form: capsules of 400 mg, tablets with an enteric coating of 200 mg, 20% solution in ampoules of 5 ml, granules for children.

Prevention of Alzheimer's disease should include a healthy lifestyle, balanced nutrition, physical and intellectual exercise, and positive emotions. To enhance the immune system's protective properties, it is recommended to take vitamins and minerals, immunostimulants. Also, do not forget about timely treatment of any diseases, especially those that can cause brain damage.

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