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Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Laboratory data of sickle cell anemia
In the hemogram, normochromic hyperregenerative anemia is detected - the concentration of hemoglobin is usually 60 ~ 80 g / l, the number of reticulocytes is 50-150%. In the smears of peripheral blood usually contain red blood cells, subjected to irreversible "sickle" - sickle erythrocytes; Aniso- and poikilocytosis, polychromatophilia, ovalocytosis, micro- and macrocytosis are also found, and the Kebot and Jolly bodies are found. The total number of leukocytes is increased to 12-20 x 10 9 / l, neutrophilia is observed; the platelet count is increased, the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation is reduced.
Biochemically, there is hyperbilirubinemia, changes in hepatic samples, hypergammaglobulinemia, and possibly a rise in the serum iron level. Increased osmotic resistance of erythrocytes is noted.
In the sternal punctate, pronounced hyperplasia of the erythroid sprout is found, changes in the megaloblastic type are not uncommon.
For the diagnosis is crucial to the study of red blood cells and hemoglobin. A simple and fast-performing test for the presence of HbS is the method of determining sickle erythrocytes during their deoxygenation or the action of reducing agents (sodium metabisulphite). Using these methods of research, it is possible to induce the "whelping" of almost 100% of red blood cells both in sickle cell anemia and in the carriage of a trait. To detect HbS in erythrocytes, one can use
Differential diagnosis of sickle cell anemia
Carried out with heterozygous hemoglobinopathies.
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