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Coagulopathy
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Coagulopathy includes a symptom complex that develops with functional or morphological changes in the system regulating the aggregate state of blood (the coagulation system is its functional part).
The coagulation system is maintained by a constant balance between thrombus formation factors and anticoagulants (normocoagulation), as a result of which the blood fluidity and the ability to perform basic functions are preserved. Any imbalance caused by congenital or acquired pathology of the hematopoietic organs and vessels leads to the development of two pathological processes: hypercoagulation and hypocoagulation. Coagulopathy can be quantitative (deficiency or excess of a blood coagulation factor) and qualitative (changes in the activity or structure of factors). Coagulopathy can be hereditary or congenital (genetic defects) or acquired (the effect of chemical toxic substances, infections, intoxications, protein and lipid metabolism disorders, oncological diseases, hemolysis, etc.). But among acquired disorders, the most common are thrombocytopenia associated with impaired bone marrow function (hypoplastic anemia) or with excessive destruction of platelets (Werlhof's disease), thrombocytopathy, severe liver pathology with impaired prothrombin-forming function and hypovitaminosis K (V) - Auren's syndrome.
Coagulopathy is diagnosed based on clinical manifestations: hypocoagulation states are characterized by increased bleeding, bruising; hypercoagulation states are characterized by thrombus formation and laboratory studies. Thromboelastography can be used as an instrumental study.
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