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Causes of aplastic anemia
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The cause of development of aplastic anemia is still not fully understood. Exogenous and endogenous etiological factors of aplastic anemia development are distinguished. Exogenous factors are given a priority role in the development of the disease, such as physical effects, chemicals (primarily medicines), infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi). Of the endogenous factors that inhibit hemopoiesis, the most significant are hereditary and genetic disorders, a change in the hormonal status in the pathology of the thyroid gland, ovaries, thymus, systemic connective tissue diseases, stress, trauma. However, in the overwhelming majority of patients (up to 80%), the etiology of the disease remains unknown. Of definite importance in the development of aplastic anemia, perhaps, are also environmental changes (emissions of toxic substances into the atmosphere, insufficient capacities of purification facilities, etc.).
Etiological factors in aplastic anemia
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Exogenous factors |
Endogenous factors |
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I. Physical.
II Chemical 1. Myelotoxic substances:
2. Medicines:
III. Infectious 1. Viruses
2. Bacteria
3. Mushrooms |
I. Hereditary and genetic disorders II. Dysfunction of glands of internal secretion:
III. Systemic connective tissue diseases:
IV. Pregnancy V. Stresses VI. Injuries VII. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria VIII. Disturbances in nutrition:
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