Vitamins for dry, oily and problematic facial skin: method of application and doses

One of the signs of human health is beautiful facial skin. To maintain its tone, full care and, of course, a complex of vitamins and minerals are necessary.

Complex care consists of enriching the epidermis with various useful substances. They saturate the tissues with everything necessary, add freshness and maintain youth. 13 organic compounds known to science leave a certain imprint on the beauty of the face, participate in the process of regeneration and nutrition.

Vitamins enter the body in the following ways:

• Natural components obtained from consuming products (primary source).
• Synthetic vitamin preparations and supplements.
• Cosmetic masks.

Useful components are divided according to their solubility:

1. Water-soluble – easily dissolved in water, well absorbed by the body and quickly absorbed into the blood. This category includes groups B and C.
2. Fat-soluble – do not dissolve well in water, so they need to be mixed with fats. These include: A, E, D, K. The most useful combination for the skin is a mixture of glycerin and tocopherol.

When choosing vitamins, special attention is paid to the characteristics of the skin. There are 4 main types: dry, oily, mixed and normal. Each type has its own care needs. To choose the substances that the body needs, you should consult a cosmetologist and nutritionist.

For the full functioning of the entire body, a balanced diet is necessary. Artificial preparations are well absorbed and absorbed, quickly improving the condition of the epidermis. No less useful are masks, for the preparation of which fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products are used.

Indications facial vitamins

To maintain the health and beauty of the skin, it is very important to supply it with useful substances. Indications for the use of vitamins depend on the needs of the epidermis, the main ones being:

• Restoration of cellular respiration.
• Moisturizing.
• Reduction of the appearance of deep wrinkles and fine lines.
• Elimination of puffiness.
• Elimination of pigmentation.
• Increasing the strength of vascular walls.

When taken orally, organic compounds are carried throughout the body by the bloodstream and have a positive effect on the skin from the inside. Another option for using microelements is their external application. A balanced diet is important, providing the body not only with vitamins, but also with other components necessary for the full functioning of the body.

In order for the use of vitamin therapy to be justified, you should consult a cosmetologist. The doctor will determine the type of facial skin, identify problems and prescribe remedies to eliminate them.

What vitamins are needed for facial skin?

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. It needs oxygen and nutrients for normal growth, respiration and cell renewal. All physiological processes occurring in the epidermis are complexly coordinated cascades of biochemical reactions. That is, the appearance (elasticity, matte, tautness, smoothness) and protective functions from aggressive environmental influences are carried out by biochemical reactions at the cellular level.

For normal functioning, the epidermis needs nutrients. Let's consider the most useful vitamins for facial skin:

• A – normalizes pigmentation and regeneration processes, promotes collagen production. Eliminates flaking and oily shine, fights pimples and acne, moisturizes.
• B1 – fights aging.
• B2 – regulates metabolic processes and maintains normal color.
• B5 – smoothes wrinkles.
• B6 – prevents dermatological diseases and accelerates the healing process.
• B9 – helps get rid of pimples and acne.
• B12 – renews the skin, rejuvenating the epidermis.
• C – promotes collagen production, increases elasticity and health of blood vessels.
• D – maintains facial muscle tone, slows down the aging process.
• E – protects from ultraviolet radiation and renews the dermis at the cellular level.
• K – normalizes pigmentation, maintains uniform color.
• PP – maintains elasticity and healthy skin color.
• H – accelerates the process of epidermal cell regeneration.

The health of the skin of the face and the whole body depends on the course of biochemical reactions for which coenzymes are needed, activating these processes and supporting their normal course. Vitamins, both those entering the body and those applied externally, act as coenzymes.

The method of using useful substances depends on the situation and is individual for each person. If the skin is in poor condition, both external and internal use are possible. To maintain healthy skin in good condition, it is enough to carry out vitamin therapy 2-4 times a year.

[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ]

Vitamins for dry facial skin

A fairly common problem that both men and women face is increased dryness of the facial skin. It occurs due to many problems, ranging from hereditary predisposition and body disorders to unbalanced nutrition and improper care.

The main signs of dry skin:

• Changes in pigmentation.
• Violation of elasticity.
• Peeling.
• Inflammatory processes and redness.
• Burning.
• Feeling of tension.

If the face is peeling, this indicates a deficiency of vitamin A, which is responsible for the production of sebum. The appearance of wrinkles and a change in the clear contours of the oval is a lack of collagen, that is, vitamin C. Frequent irritation, redness and rashes - vitamin E. To increase tissue regeneration, that is, to speed up the healing of wounds - PP.

Let's take a closer look at what dry facial skin needs:

• A – is necessary not only to maintain healthy skin, but also the whole body. Responsible for the work of sebaceous glands, cell renewal and formation. Contained in milk, green vegetables, peas, egg yolk.
• B – its deficiency is manifested by minor damage, peeling and cracks. It is included in many creams, and is also found in dairy products, fruits, eggs and meat.
• C – responsible for the growth of new cells and renewal of the upper layers of the dermis. Maintains normal blood circulation, providing a healthy complexion. Its deficiency is manifested by pallor, increased dryness and dullness of the epidermis. Contained in citrus fruits, strawberries, kiwi and pineapples.
• E – smoothes the upper layers of the dermis, making the face contour clear. Promotes the absorption of scars and marks, accelerates the healing of wounds. Contained in nuts, green vegetables and beans. Tocopherol can be purchased at the pharmacy in the form of special capsules and added to face masks. In this case, the active component will cover the dermis with a thin protective film that will retain moisture and protect against aggressive environmental influences.

No less useful for dry facial skin are multivitamin complexes that supply the body with a full range of macro and microelements.

Vitamins for oily skin

Another problematic type of epidermis is oily skin. It causes a lot of inconvenience to its owner:

• Oily shine.
• Acne.
• Acne.
• Excessive sweating and a number of other problems.

But despite this, this type of epidermis has an advantage - it retains its youth even after 30 years. To normalize the sebaceous glands, regenerate damaged tissues and grow new cells, special vitamins are needed. For oily skin, it is recommended to use the following microelements:

• A – regulates the amount of subcutaneous fat and the work of the sebaceous glands. Prevents oily shine.
• PP – dries out the sebaceous glands, stimulates the circulatory system and improves tissue nutrition.
• B5 – pantothenic acid has a drying effect, normalizes the sebaceous glands. Ideal for oily and problematic skin.

For facial care, you can use creams and tonics that contain the above-mentioned substances. Eating products with these components will be no less useful. The necessary organic compounds are found in milk, apples, figs, grapefruits, green vegetables, and almonds.

Vitamins for facial skin against acne

A common problem that everyone has encountered is acne. Acne is a sebaceous gland in which an inflammatory process has begun due to improper outflow of sebum and interaction with bacteria. The presence of a large number of acne requires medical attention (cosmetologist, dermatologist, nutritionist). Most often, this defect is associated with the following factors:

• Disorders of the endocrine system.
• Improper nutrition.
• Lack of hygiene.
• Poor environmental living conditions.
• Frequent nervous experiences and stress.
• Deficiency of nutrients.

There are certain vitamins for facial skin against acne, let's consider them:

• A – increases elasticity and flexibility, normalizes metabolic processes. Found in large quantities in carrots, sour cream, vegetable and butter, dairy products.
• B – fights bacteria that cause inflammatory processes. Promotes normalization of metabolism. The most necessary for the skin is nicotinic acid, that is, vitamin B3. This component promotes tissue restoration by improving the functioning of the sebaceous glands. It is found in legumes, nuts, mushrooms, egg yolks, seafood, sour cream, beef and pork.
• C – improves the structure of the epidermis, eliminates toxins and irritation. Found in large quantities in citrus fruits, rose hips, black currants, sea buckthorn, kiwi, cabbage and bell peppers.
• E – tocopherol accelerates wound healing, maintains elasticity and youth of the face. Protects against negative environmental impact. Contained in vegetable oil, nuts, dried apricots, oatmeal, olives.
• D – has antioxidant properties, is formed in the skin under the influence of sunlight. In small quantities, it is found in butter, sour cream, chicken eggs, seafood, liver and fish oil.

No less useful in the fight against acne are preparations with zinc - these are ready-made pharmacy complexes. They destroy harmful bacteria, dry up inflammations and improve the condition of the face.

Read also: Pharmacy vitamins for facial skin

Pharmacodynamics

Vitamins are needed for normal cellular metabolism, functioning of all organs and systems, energy transformation and many other processes. Organic compounds have a diverse chemical structure, therefore they are part of coenzymes that participate in metabolism, assimilation of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, enzymatic reactions and many other processes.

Let us consider in more detail the pharmacodynamics of the main groups of biologically active components:

• Water-soluble vitamins B1 and B2 participate in energy metabolism, B6, B9 and B12 regulate biosynthesis, transformation of amino acids, proteins and fatty acids. C and PP are responsible for oxidation-reduction reactions.
• Fat-soluble A, E and K influence the functional properties of biological membranes. Retinol takes part in the metabolism of glycoproteins and lipids. D synthesizes blood coagulation factors.

Deficiency of any substance leads to insufficient formation of enzymes and metabolic disorders. This has a negative effect on the condition of the skin and the entire body.

[ 4 ]

Pharmacokinetics

Each specific vitamin performs specific functions in the body. But at the same time, all organic compounds increase resistance to infections and performance, regulate metabolic processes. Their effectiveness is partially determined by pharmacokinetics, that is, the processes of absorption, distribution and excretion.

Let's consider the pharmacokinetic properties of components beneficial for facial skin:

• A - retinol is emulsified by bile acids, gradually transported to the lymphatic system and liver. It is split into several substances, binding to specific proteins, entering the blood. It is characterized by uneven distribution: the majority in the liver and retina, less in the heart, endocrine glands and adipose tissue.
• B1 – after entering the body, it is absorbed in the duodenum and is found in the blood after 5 minutes. It is determined in tissues after 30 minutes. It accumulates in the kidneys, liver, skeletal muscles, brain, and heart.
• B2 – is quickly absorbed from the intestine. It is unevenly distributed and creates small reserves in the body. It is excreted unchanged in the urine.
• B5 – pantothenic acid is well absorbed in the small intestine, penetrating into all organs. Creates high concentrations in the liver and kidneys. Does not undergo biotransformation, excreted unchanged in urine.
• B6 – is effectively distributed throughout all tissues, undergoes biotransformation and is excreted from the body in the urine.
• C – at a dosage of up to 200 mg, it is absorbed in the small intestine. Easily penetrates all tissues, including platelets and leukocytes. Metabolized in the liver, excreted in urine and feces.
• D – after entering the body, about 60% of the dose is absorbed. Calciferol enters the lymph and blood plasma, forming active metabolites in the liver and kidneys. It is excreted with bile, but the metabolites are stored in adipose tissue.
• E – effectively absorbed in the presence of fatty and bile acids, emulsified in the duodenum. Enters the lymph and general bloodstream, binding to serum albumins and lipoproteins. Excreted mainly with bile and urine.
• K (K1, K2, K3) – absorbed in the initial section of the small intestine, but requires fat and bile acids for good absorption. Completely metabolized, excreted with bile and urine.
• PP – nicotinic acid is absorbed in the initial sections of the small intestine, penetrates into all organs and tissues. Biotransformed in the liver, excreted in the urine.

Most nutrients are not synthesized in the body, so they must be obtained from food.

Dosing and administration

To get the maximum benefit from vitamins, they need to be taken correctly, adhering to the dosage required for each specific case. Such precautions are related to the fact that an excess of useful substances, as well as their deficiency, negatively affects the condition of not only the skin of the face, but also the entire body.

1. First of all, define the goal, that is, the problem for the solution of which micro and macroelements are needed. To improve the general condition of the body, a vitamin complex selected in accordance with age is suitable.
2. To eliminate certain skin defects, specific substances are needed, which are best taken after consultation with a dermatologist or cosmetologist.
3. Do not experiment and do not take individual vitamins with vitamin complexes, use one thing.
4. When taking nutrients orally, take breaks after each course for 2-3 months. Don't forget about face masks, which locally supply the epidermis with everything it needs.

You should also take care of a balanced diet. Products rich in useful substances will be no less useful than pharmacy multivitamin complexes. Do not forget about healthy sleep and positive emotions, in combination with the necessary microelements, they will make the skin beautiful and preserve its youth for a long time.

Vitamin E for facial skin

Deficiency of biologically active substances causes disruption of many processes in the human body. Vitamin E or tocopherol is widely used in cosmetology. It is used for complex facial care, added to decorative cosmetics and daily use products.

Tocopherol is a group of biologically active fat-soluble compounds with pronounced antioxidant properties. In nature, it exists in the form of four isomers that differ in chemical structure, functions and level of biological activity.

Tocopherol is useful for facial skin. Its effectiveness is based on the mechanism of action. The substance takes part in the body's metabolic processes. It protects the epidermis from the negative impact of the environment due to its pronounced antioxidant properties.

Benefits of tocopherol for the face:

• Stimulates the production of estrogen.
• Protects against UV rays.
• Slows down the aging process.
• Accelerates regeneration processes.
• Promotes better absorption of vitamin A.
• Increases elasticity.
• Normalizes skin pigmentation.
• Eliminates spots, scars, stretch marks and freckles.
• Effective in the treatment of acne and pimples.
• Smoothes wrinkles.
• Has a lifting effect.
• Improves blood microcirculation and strengthens blood vessels.
• Stops inflammatory processes.
• Regulates the secretion of sebaceous glands.
• Normalizes the water balance of the dermis.

The substance forms water-repellent complexes that protect the epidermis from aggressive environmental influences. The natural antioxidant prevents tissue aging and malignant cell degeneration.

Vitamin E is available in the form of capsules with liquid oil content, i.e. in pure form. It is also included in many natural oils and products. For external use, you can use pharmacy forms: oil solution in the form of gelatin capsules, solution in ampoules or bottles. Concentrated liquid should be used with extreme caution. It is not recommended to apply the substance to large areas of the skin, as this can cause inflammatory and allergic reactions. It is better to add the microelement to cosmetics or use it as a base for homemade masks, creams, emulsions.

The easiest way to use tocopherol is to rub it into your face or add it to your daily cream. The substance is especially useful in the autumn and spring, when the body, and especially the skin, suffers from vitamin deficiency.

Let's look at the most effective vitamin recipes for facial care:

1. Mix 25 ml of glycerin with 10 ml of pure tocopherol. Apply the resulting solution to the skin before bed.
2. Take 30 ml of freshly squeezed aloe juice and 5 drops of tocopherol and riboflavin. Apply the mixture for 10-15 minutes, rinse with warm water with light massage movements.
3. Mix a couple of tablespoons of cottage cheese with two teaspoons of olive oil and 5-7 drops of tocopherol. Apply the mixture for 15 minutes, rinse with warm water.

In its natural form, tocopherol is found in whole grains, white cabbage, broccoli, cucumbers, beans, peas. In unrefined vegetable oils (soybean, olive, corn and others), as well as in butter, cod liver, tuna.

Vitamin E and glycerin for facial skin

The combination of vitamin E and glycerin has unique properties. When these components are applied to the face, a film is formed that retains moisture and protects against the aggressive effects of environmental factors.

1. Glycerin is a viscous, water-soluble and colourless liquid with a sweet taste. It moisturizes, smoothes fine wrinkles and protects the epidermis from microbes and dirt.
2. Vitamin E – accelerates cellular metabolism, makes the face elastic and firm. Slows down the aging process, improves blood circulation and promotes the renewal of damaged tissues.

The combination of glycerin and tocopherol slows down oxidative processes at the cellular level, improves skin nutrition and protects it from UV radiation. Effectively moisturizes, maintains water-lipid balance and eliminates swelling, normalizes tissue relief. The unique composition accelerates collagen production, thereby maintaining youth and beauty.

Glycerin mask with tocopherol is universal, as it is ideal for any skin type and at any age. Let's consider popular recipes for facial care based on these components:

1. Take two tablespoons of glycerin and the same amount of almond oil. Add 1 teaspoon of tocopherol and an egg yolk to the ingredients. Mix everything thoroughly and apply to the face for 10-15 minutes.
2. To treat pimples, acne and other skin rashes, mix equal parts honey, glycerin and tocopherol. To thicken the resulting mixture, you can add a little oatmeal. Apply to the skin for 10-15 minutes 3 times a week until its condition improves.
3. To combat increased sebum production, take two tablespoons of warm boiled water, one spoon of glycerin and ½ vitamin E. Mix everything thoroughly and add a little blue clay. Apply the mask to pre-cleansed skin.

The glycerin mixture can be stored in the refrigerator and used as needed. After using it, it is recommended to wash your face with warm water and apply a moisturizer.

Vitamin F for facial skin

A complex of unsaturated fatty acids is vitamin F. It is as useful for facial skin as retinol, ascorbic acid or tocopherol. The organic compound is practically not synthesized in the body, so it is better to get it from food or special preparations. The substance takes part in the metabolism of cholesterol, the excess of which negatively affects the condition of the skin. It promotes tissue epithelialization, increases the reactivity of the immune system and prevents the formation of prostaglandins.

The condition of the facial skin largely depends on the rate of lipid metabolism in the tissues. Vitamin F is responsible for this process, which has the following properties:

• Smoothes out fine wrinkles.
• Retains moisture within the epidermis, preventing dehydration.
• Stimulates collagen production.
• Restores the hydrolipid mantle (epithelial barrier).
• Increases turgor.
• Accelerates cell exfoliation.
• Stops inflammatory processes.
• Removes pigment spots and evens out skin tone.

Unsaturated fatty acid is a part of preparations for the treatment of many dermatological diseases, including psoriasis, dermatitis, eczema, seborrhea, allergic rashes. It can be purchased at the pharmacy in ampoules and capsules or obtained from certain foods. F is a part of soybean, sunflower, corn and flaxseed oils. It is contained in dried fruits, seeds, shellfish, ocean fish, avocado and currants.

To improve the condition of the skin of the face and maintain its beauty, it is necessary to take no more than 10 g of lipid compounds per day. The course of treatment takes from 4 to 6 months. The organic substance is not recommended for hypersensitivity to lipids, obstruction of the bile ducts, a tendency to allergic reactions and cholecystitis.

Vitamin D for facial skin

Calciferol is a substance that prolongs the youth of the skin. Vitamin D has the following effect on the skin:

• Accelerates regeneration processes.
• Reduces the symptoms of psoriasis.
• Slows down aging.
• Maintains water-lipid balance.
• Increases turgor and tone.
• Prevention of tuberculosis and skin cancer.
• Protects against ultraviolet radiation.
• Reduces sweating.

The natural substance is produced in the body under the influence of sunlight. But to replenish its deficiency in the body and comprehensive skin care, a special diet is recommended.

The composition of the therapeutic diet includes products rich in D. It is found in fish oil, fish, milk, sunflower oil, seaweed, yeast, parsley. But when consumed in excess, the substance has a toxic effect on the body.

Vitamin PP for facial skin

Nicotinic acid or vitamin PP has a pronounced healing effect. It promotes cell renewal and saturates the deep layers of the dermis with useful substances. Ideal for the care of both oily and dry skin.

Beneficial properties of vitamin PP for facial skin:

• Moisturizes and maintains water balance.
• Effectively cleanses pores.
• Has an anti-inflammatory effect.
• Accelerates regeneration processes.
• Dilates blood vessels and activates blood flow.
• Maintains turgor and tightens the face.
• Improves relief and eliminates wrinkles.
• Reduces puffiness and removes bags under the eyes.
• Protects against harmful UV rays.
• Restores healthy color and fights pigmentation.
• Normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
• Prevents malignant lesions of the dermis.

Nicotinic acid eliminates dry skin, relieves itching, burning and flaking. The substance is added to tonics, lotions, creams and masks. But despite all the beneficial properties, there are a number of contraindications that should be taken into account before using it:

• Hypersensitivity.
• Pathologies of the cardiovascular system.
• Diseases of the endocrine system.
• Pregnancy and lactation.

Before using the microelement in cosmetology, you need to consult a cosmetologist. The course of treatment should be at least a month. To achieve a lasting therapeutic effect, the vitamin can be taken internally both internally and externally.

Recipes for facial skin care with PP:

1. Mix a teaspoon of honey with the same amount of olive oil and an ampoule of nicotinic acid. Apply the mixture to cleansed skin, rinse with warm water after 40-60 minutes.
2. Dissolve a tablespoon of lemon juice in water and pour in an ampoule of nicotine. Add a spoon of white cosmetic clay to the mixture. Apply the product to a steamed face. Rinse off after drying.
3. To eliminate hyperpigmentation, mix 10 g of crushed ginger root with two ampoules of PP. Soak a cotton pad in the resulting liquid and treat your face. Rinse off after 10-20 minutes.

In addition to the above recipes, which can be prepared independently, the vitamin is used for injections. This method of facial care accelerates the process of restoration of damaged tissues, activates blood flow and rejuvenates. Subcutaneous injection of the active component should be performed by a cosmetologist.

Incorrect use of the microelement may cause side effects. Most often, patients complain of redness, burning and tingling of the skin. Headaches and dizziness are also possible, as well as a sharp decrease in blood pressure when the drug is administered intramuscularly. Side effects are short-term and disappear within 20 minutes after the start of the procedure.

Vitamins for hair and facial skin

To maintain beauty and youth, the body needs vitamins. They are especially necessary for hair and facial skin, as their deficiency manifests itself in brittle and dry hair, flaking skin and other unpleasant symptoms. Organic compounds act as activators of biochemical reactions. They regulate and maintain the normal functioning of all organs and systems at the molecular level.

Essentially, hair is an appendage of the skin, that is, it is part of the epidermis. Hair consists of a long fiber, the growth and nutrition of which is provided by a follicle located in the skin of the head or another part of the body. For normal growth and life support, the follicle must receive adequate nutrition and oxygen.

The most common problem is hair loss, so let's look at what substances need to be taken for healthy growth and prevention of baldness:

• A – reduces fragility, provides normal thickness, elasticity and growth. Retinol normalizes sebum production, preventing seborrhea, i.e. excess oiliness.
• B2 – maintains blood flow to hair follicles. Thanks to intensive blood circulation, the flow of oxygen and useful components to the follicles increases. Micro and macro elements penetrate into hair cells from hair follicles. Normal nutrition of the follicle prevents hair loss and dryness. B6 deficiency manifests itself in dry ends and oiliness at the roots.
• B3 – normalizes metabolic processes in follicles and improves their nutrition, stops hair loss. Lack of nicotinic acid leads to slow hair growth and increased dryness.
• B5 – penetrates the hair follicle, improves metabolic processes and blood circulation. From the follicle it penetrates into the hair cells and regulates metabolism in it. Pantothenic acid strengthens hair from the inside, making it strong and beautiful. With a deficiency of this substance, hair grows very slowly and quickly turns gray.
• B6 is a powerful stimulator of metabolic processes. Eliminates dandruff and scalp itching, combats hair loss.
• H – provides strength and beauty of hair by regulating the sebaceous glands. Deficiency of H leads to hair becoming greasy and starting to fall out.
• B9 – folic acid is necessary to enhance the effect of B5. If you take these substances in combination, hair loss will stop and hair growth will significantly accelerate.
• C – improves microcirculation and normalizes capillary tone, increasing blood flow to the hair follicles. This improves hair nutrition and growth.
• E – normalizes hair follicle nutrition and sebum secretion. Promotes activation of hair growth cells, supplies with oxygen.
• F – strengthens and increases resistance to negative environmental impacts.

Before using vitamin preparations, you should consult a trichologist and dermatologist, since in some cases poor hair condition is not due to a deficiency of nutrients, but to other causal factors. This may be hormonal imbalance, gastrointestinal diseases or dermatological pathologies.

Vitamins for facial skin and nails

Like other organs and body parts, nails grow and change. They need vitamins to maintain their normal condition, nutrition, strength and beauty. Like hair, nails are nourished from the inside, that is, the substances they need must come from the root, which in turn is nourished by the blood. That is, all the useful components enter the nail through the blood vessels, and not from the outside. But long-term external treatment with vitamin compounds allows you to achieve a certain effect, which, unfortunately, is not comparable with internal use.

Organic compounds are necessary for nails to regulate their metabolic processes, growth, and color. Their deficiency leads to slow growth, deformation of the nail plate, its fragility and thinning. In addition, useful substances increase protection against fungal infections.

The most useful vitamins for nails:

• A – participates in the formation and growth of epithelial tissues. Lays down the soft part (lung) of the nail, which later turns into a hard plate. A deficiency of retinol leads to the nail growing curved and thin.
• Group B – nails need B1, B2, B5, B9. These components regulate metabolic processes, the synthesis of useful components, the growth rate and strength of the nail plate. At the same time, B1 is the main component of healthy skin, nails and hair.
• C and E – have antioxidant properties and prevent nail destruction under the influence of high temperatures, pathogens and various contaminants. Deficiency of ascorbic acid and tocopherol makes nails dry and brittle, and small depressions may appear on the plate.
• D – is responsible for the formation of the nail plate. Promotes the absorption of calcium, which is a structural element of bones, teeth and nail tissue.
• H – maintains a healthy and beautiful appearance. When there is a deficiency, nails become delaminated, darken, and develop grooves and cracks.
• PP – provides effective regeneration of the nail plate, plasticity and its rapid growth.

Providing the body with the above substances has a beneficial effect on the condition of the nails, skin of the face and the whole body, as well as on the appearance of the hair. In addition to vitamin compounds, nails need minerals: fluorine, iodine, zinc, magnesium, selenium, iron.

Vitamins and minerals for facial skin

One of the components of beauty is clean and healthy skin. To maintain its normal condition, you should eat well, take vitamins and minerals. The following biologically active components are recommended for facial skin:

• Zinc – fights infections, reduces the risk of dermatitis, acne and other skin diseases. Removes toxins from the body and creates a special immune barrier.
• Potassium – regulates metabolic processes at the cellular level. Its deficiency manifests itself in bags under the eyes, itching, dry and flaky skin.
• Copper is a mineral with a wide range of effects. Stimulates the formation of elastin to form a healthy skin framework. Strengthens the walls of blood vessels, promotes healthy and proper tanning. Tones and maintains turgor.
• Iron – normalizes blood circulation. Good blood circulation provides intensive tissue nutrition and their rapid renewal.
• Selenium – this mineral is necessary for better absorption of vitamins. Prevents oncological damage to the dermis, lungs, chest and heart. Stimulates the immune system. Protects against the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation.
• Calcium – has restorative properties, improves the processes of regeneration and renewal of connective tissue.
• Sulfur – is part of the amino acids necessary to maintain healthy skin. Sulfur deficiency is manifested by frequent inflammatory processes and allergic reactions.
• Silicon – stimulates cell renewal, ensures normal functioning of the skin. Responsible for tissue elasticity and firmness.
• Bromine – relieves inflammation and itching, minimizes irritation. It is included in the most effective facial care products.
• Sodium - regulates osmotic pressure of cells, provides acid-base balance. Improves skin health and eliminates painful conditions.

In addition to the above minerals, the face needs lycopene (protects against UV), Omega-3 fatty acids (stop inflammatory processes, increase turgor), alpha-lipoic acid (a strong antioxidant), astaxanthin (cleanses from harmful substances). The skin also needs hyaluronic acid, which retains water, maintaining tissue hydration and nutrition.

Minerals and vitamins cannot function without each other. Therefore, to maintain the healthy condition of tissues and the whole body, it is necessary to take them in a complex.

Vitamins for facial skin at home

To maintain healthy skin, you should stick to a balanced diet and take proper care of it. At home, you can prepare various vitamin masks, creams and other cosmetics. Let's look at popular recipes:

• Oily skin

Take 20 g of red clay and a teaspoon of yeast. Mix the ingredients and add 2-3 drops of tocopherol. Apply the mask, cover with a film and a towel. Wash off after 15-20 minutes with cool water. This remedy restores the health of the skin, normalizes sebum production and eliminates comedones.

• Dry skin

This type of skin needs proper nutrition. To prepare masks, use fat-soluble organic compounds. Take a tablespoon of sour cream and one egg yolk. Add 3-5 drops of A, E and D. Wash off the mask after it dries. It effectively smoothes wrinkles and restores skin texture.

• For facial rejuvenation

Take a tablespoon of honey and ½ sour cream, add 50 g of cottage cheese, egg yolk, a couple of drops of lemon juice. Mix everything well and add an ampoule of aloe, B1 and B12. The product should be applied daily in the evening for 14 days.

• To moisturize the skin

Mix a tablespoon of peach kernel oil with 10 g of aqueous lanolin, 5 g of natural wax, 7 g of petroleum jelly and 2 g of zinc oxide. Melt the petroleum jelly, lanolin and wax in a water bath. Add peach oil, zinc oxide, borax and 1.5 tablespoons of water to the ingredients. Mix all the ingredients again and add an ampoule of retinol and B12. The resulting composition can be applied not only to the face, but also to the décolleté and neck. Keep the product on for 20-30 minutes and wash off with warm water using massage movements.

Use facial vitamins during pregnancy

Carrying a child is a serious test for the entire body, including the skin. Hormonal changes increase its sensitivity and make it more susceptible to aggressive environmental influences. Because of this, the skin loses moisture, sebum secretion is disrupted and inflammatory processes often develop. Favorable conditions for the reproduction of bacterial flora are also created.

As a rule, the pregnancy period proceeds with a deficiency of A, E and F. Let's consider the most essential organic compounds for the skin depending on the trimester:

1. In the first months, you should take folic acid, which is needed not only by the skin and the female body, but also by the future child. Retinol and tocopherol will also be useful.
2. In the second trimester, the body's need for nutrients increases significantly. It is recommended to increase the amount of organic compounds of group B and C, as well as add foods rich in iodine and calcium to the diet.
3. At this stage, the body needs retinol, ascorbic acid, calciferol and iron.

In order for the body and skin to receive all the necessary macro and microelements, you should adhere to a healthy balanced diet. It would not be superfluous to consult your doctor to select a multivitamin complex.

Contraindications

Biologically active substances have certain contraindications for use. Organic compounds are prohibited in the following cases: hypersensitivity and severe arterial hypertension. Vitamin complexes should be taken with special caution in case of malignant diseases, liver damage, gall bladder, stomach and duodenum.

[ 5 ]

Side effects facial vitamins

Organic compounds can cause toxic and allergic reactions, which manifest themselves as hypervitaminosis. Severe complications most often occur with improper use of A, D, E, K. Pronounced symptoms of intoxication, skin rashes and pinpoint hemorrhages, elevated body temperature and increased intracranial pressure appear. In especially severe cases, anaphylactic shock is possible.

Let's look at the side effects of popular microelements when taken internally:

• A - headaches, visual disturbances, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disorders. Convulsions, temporary loss of sensitivity and increased drowsiness are also possible.
• D – loss of appetite, joint pain, increased blood pressure.
• C – diarrhea, increased blood clotting, hyperglycemia.
• Group B – metabolic and circulatory disorders, arrhythmia, CNS depression.
• E – bowel disorders, vascular disorders, decreased visual acuity.

To reduce the risk of developing side effects, drugs should be used only as prescribed by a doctor, adhering to the recommended dosage and course of therapy. Also, to minimize adverse reactions, it is better to take vitamins after or during meals.

[ 6 ], [ 7 ], [ 8 ]

Overdose

Many biologically active substances have low toxicity and are well tolerated even when used in high doses. However, overdose may develop with prolonged use. External use causes allergic reactions, but when used internally or intravenously, more serious symptoms occur.

• A - overdose is possible when consuming more than 1 g at a time. Due to increased membrane permeability and hypersecretion of cerebrospinal fluid, intracranial pressure increases sharply. Severe headaches, nausea and vomiting, convulsions, visual disturbances and confusion occur. Rashes also appear on large areas of the body with subsequent peeling. Osmotic diuretics and concentrated protein preparations are indicated for treatment.
• B1 – causes severe allergic reactions and, in particularly severe cases, anaphylactic shock. Intravenous administration causes chills, a feeling of heat, burning and numbness of the extremities. Sharp pains in the heart area, headaches, and breathing problems appear. Treatment is based on the principles of resuscitation.
• B3 – use of 1-1.5 g per day provokes pronounced dermatological reactions, angina attacks, hyperglycemia, ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and exacerbation of gastritis. Long-term use leads to a decrease in the lipotropic effect of drugs for the treatment of liver diseases. For treatment, discontinuation of B3 is indicated.
• B6 - with intramuscular injection of more than 1 ml of 2.5% pyridoxine solution, anaphylactic reactions occur. Also observed is a sharp drop in blood pressure, swelling of the lips and eyelids, blistering rashes on the body, involuntary bowel movements. To normalize the painful condition, intravenous administration of 40% glucose, strophanthin solution, and diprazine is necessary.
• B12 – allergic reactions, in rare cases anaphylactic shock. Therapy is based on discontinuing the drug and symptomatic treatment.
• C – overdose occurs when more than 1-1.5 g of the substance is administered. In this case, severe headaches, sleep and wakefulness disorders, a feeling of heat, and increased blood pressure occur. For treatment, it is necessary to stop taking ascorbic acid.
• D2 – the clinical picture of intoxication is manifested by a sharp headache and muscle pain, increased blood pressure.

To reduce the risk of developing overdose symptoms, vitamins should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor and in accordance with the recommended dosage.

Interactions with other drugs

Some vitamins are incompatible with each other, so their interactions with other drugs should be strictly controlled by the attending physician. When entering the human body, useful substances activate metabolic processes. But their simultaneous use can either enhance the effect of each of them or suppress it.

• A - it is forbidden to take it with acetylsalicylic and hydrochloric acid. Excess tocopherol significantly slows down the absorption of retinol. When taking zinc, the absorption of A improves.
• B1 and B2 – contraindicated to combine with B6, B3 and B12, magnesium, calcium. Such interactions worsen the solubility of biological compounds.
• B9 – incompatible with zinc, but interacts well with ascorbic acid.
• B12 – interactions with B1, B2, B6 and PP, as well as with gentamicin, acetylsalicylic acid are prohibited. People with angina pectoris and tumors should use this component with special caution.
• PP – interaction with tetracycline, hydrocortisone, euphyllin, B1, B6 and B12 is contraindicated.
• C - should not be taken with tetracycline, diphenhydramine, penicillin and iron preparations. Injections with analgin are prohibited. Combines well with tocopherol and P.
• D – incompatible with tetracycline, hydrochloric acid, hydrocortisone.
• K – is incompatible with A and E, as they interfere with the absorption of Vikasol.

Multivitamin complexes and individual vitamins should be taken only after meals to reduce the risk of side effects. If this recommendation is not followed, gastrointestinal disorders are possible. When using vitamins in the form of injections, remember that each substance must be in a separate syringe.

Before taking vitamin preparations, you should determine the needs of your skin and the body as a whole. It is better to take biologically active substances in courses 3-4 times a year, the course should last no more than 30-40 days.

[ 9 ]

Storage conditions

The storage conditions depend on the type of vitamin and the form of release. All substances are divided into two groups: for storage at room temperature and in the refrigerator. Supplements with fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, omega acids and fish oil should be kept in the refrigerator. The lower the storage temperature, the slower the drug decomposes and loses its beneficial properties.

Vitamins in tablet, powder, capsule or dragee form should be kept at room temperature, i.e. not higher than 22 °C. Cosmetics containing organic compounds should be kept away from moisture and sunlight.

[ 10 ], [ 11 ], [ 12 ], [ 13 ], [ 14 ]

Shelf life

The shelf life of vitamins depends on compliance with storage conditions. Preparations in the form of creams, emulsions, serums and other cosmetics should be used within 12-36 months (the expiration date is indicated on their packaging). Tablet forms should be stored for no more than 12 months, and open injections within 24-48 hours.

[ 15 ]

Reviews

Numerous reviews confirm the effectiveness of vitamin therapy for facial care. Correctly, such a product normalizes metabolic processes, accelerates regeneration processes, fights wrinkles, skin rashes and other problems.

Vitamins for facial skin should be taken after consultation with a cosmetologist and dermatologist. The doctor will assess the condition of the skin and give recommendations for care. For a comprehensive therapeutic effect, vitamins should enter the body with food. No less effective are masks and other cosmetics with biologically active substances.

[ 16 ], [ 17 ]

The best vitamins for facial skin

Each microelement has its own principle of action and beneficial properties. Some smooth the skin, others maintain elasticity and rejuvenate. Let's consider the most suitable, that is, the best vitamins for facial skin in each specific case:

• To maintain beauty – A, E, C. They are taken internally and applied externally, added to cosmetics for regular care.
• Anti-flaking – A, B2, B5, B6, PP, F. Very often, dry skin is associated with a deficiency of these components.
• To maintain youth – A, B1, C, E. They have a pronounced anti-aging effect. Vitamins are taken orally and added to cosmetics.
• For radiance and smoothness of the epidermis - B3, C, PP, K. Fight pigment spots, make the face smooth and matte. Eliminate puffiness.
• To combat acne, comedones and other rashes - A, B2, B6, C, E, H. Normalize sebum production and exfoliate dead cells. Such microelements are taken internally for a complex effect on the body.
• For elasticity and firmness – A, B1 and B5, E, C, PP, K. Provide skin regeneration and normalize the synthesis of collagen fibers.

To achieve the desired therapeutic effect and complete care for facial skin, it is recommended to take the beneficial substances internally and apply them externally, adding them to skin care cosmetics.