Gastritis in pregnancy

Gastritis during pregnancy is a disease associated with the fact that the stomach tissues become inflamed due to changes that are caused by bearing a child. Especially if a woman had problems with the gastrointestinal tract before pregnancy - then gastritis will most likely appear again and will last the entire period of bearing a child.

Of course, gastritis will worsen the health of a pregnant woman - it is quite possible that it will cause early toxicosis, accompanied by severe vomiting.

Causes gastritis in pregnancy

The following factors may be the cause of the development of chronic gastritis during pregnancy:

• stress, which entails a disruption of the natural biorhythm of life - for example, lack of normal night sleep and working at night, as well as various problems and conflicts in the family or at work;
• poor nutrition - dry food, unbalanced irregular meals, snacks on the go;
• poor quality food;
• frequent consumption of foods containing refined oil and refined grains, as well as products containing emulsifiers and preservatives. Animal food with antibiotics and hormones is also harmful;
• infection of the body with the infectious bacterium Hp.

Approximately 75% of women suffering from chronic gastritis suffer from an exacerbation of this disease during pregnancy. In most cases, such women experience early toxicosis, which can also be quite severe and last for 14-17 weeks.

At the same time, we note that chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have any negative impact on the process of bearing and development of the fetus in the abdomen. In this case, troubles will only haunt the expectant mother, who will feel unwell.

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Pathogenesis

The appearance and development of chronic gastritis occurs due to a combination with other factors of negative impact on the gastric mucosa. The pathogenesis of the disease in various types and forms has some features. Gastritis is often observed during pregnancy.

There are 2 groups of etiological causes of gastritis - exogenous and endogenous.

Exogenous causes of gastritis development:

• Hp infection;
• alimentary reasons;
• frequent alcohol consumption and smoking;
• long-term use of drugs that irritate the gastric mucosa;
• the effect of chemical agents on the mucous membrane;
• radiation;
• other bacteria (besides Hp);
• parasites and fungi.

Endogenous causes of gastritis:

• genetics;
• autoimmune causes;
• endogenous poisoning;
• endocrine dysfunctions;
• chronic infection;
• hypoxemia;
• metabolic problems;
• duodenogastric reflux;
• hypovitaminosis;
• the effect exerted on the stomach by other diseased organs.

Autoimmune atrophic gastritis in chronic form occurs as a result of the appearance of antibodies in the parietal cells of the stomach, which causes the following problems:

• The level of production of pepsin with hydrochloric acid will decrease;
• Atrophy in the fundal part of the gastric mucosa;
• The production of intrinsic factor will decrease, and B12-deficiency anemia will begin to progress;
• The G cells of the antral mucosa will begin to produce more gastrin.

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Symptoms gastritis in pregnancy

In general, gastritis by its nature is not considered a contraindication to pregnancy and childbirth (with some, extremely rare, exceptions). It does not cause harm to the child in the mother's belly. Although for the woman herself, the process of bearing will be quite difficult, as she will suffer from severe toxicosis, vomiting, constant heartburn. These symptoms can last all 9 months of pregnancy, until the birth of the baby, which in itself is very unpleasant, although not dangerous to health.

Even if you haven't seen any signs of gastritis for a long time, mechanical movement of organs, changes in hormonal status and other reasons arising from pregnancy can cause an exacerbation of the disease. It can manifest itself in various ways, and there are no signs that would be specific to pregnant women with gastritis.

You should be wary if early and severe toxicosis is observed in the first half of the period of bearing a child, followed by heartburn, a nagging dull pain in the epigastric region, belching with the taste of rotten eggs, problems with stool, vomiting and nausea during the day. A gray coating may also form on the tongue, and the temperature will rise to 37-38 degrees.

Gastritis during pregnancy with an increased acidity level occurs with symptoms of hunger, covering the upper abdomen. With a decreased acidity level, constipation, heaviness in the stomach, diarrhea, bad breath are often observed. All these symptoms are aggravated if you eat spicy, fatty, salty, fried, sweet food.

To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor will only need to complain about the patient and read the anamnesis. If necessary, a study of gastric juice for FGDS and acidity level can be conducted.

First signs

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa, which disrupts its functioning - in such cases, food is poorly digested, resulting in a waste of energy and strength of the entire body. Gastritis can be acute or chronic, have increased, normal and decreased levels of stomach acidity.

Gastritis has many symptoms, but it may also not have any obvious signs. The main manifestation of this disease is painful sensations in the solar plexus, which can intensify after certain foods, medications, liquids, especially if they have an irritating effect on the mucous membrane. With gastritis, you should not eat spicy foods, drink soda - they have a bad effect on the stomach, contributing to the corrosion of the mucous membrane.

Gastritis during pregnancy also has such irregular but important symptoms as vomiting, heartburn, belching, as well as bloating and gas. If you have 2 or more of the above symptoms, plus abdominal pain, you should see a gastroenterologist. He will identify the type of disease and prescribe the necessary treatment - diet or medication.

Gastritis during early pregnancy

It has long been known that gastritis during pregnancy often manifests itself from the very beginning in the form of prolonged and difficult to bear toxicosis, so expectant mothers have to look for options that will help soothe aggravated gastritis and reduce pain and discomfort.

Any food we eat has a direct impact on the work of the stomach and its condition. Thus, if your gastritis has worsened, you will have to strictly control your diet, removing a large number of different products from it. Initially, such food is prohibited that can have an aggressive effect on the mucous membrane of your stomach: these are spicy, sour, spicy, smoked, salty, fatty, canned products, as well as excessively cold or hot food.

If your diet includes products that can be attributed to any of the above groups, you will have to exclude them. In addition, it is forbidden to consume food containing a large number of carbohydrates, as well as synthetic additives.

The basis of the diet should be semi-liquid, natural food, which is prepared in a gentle mode - dairy products, stewed and boiled vegetables, light soups made from vegetables and cereals, omelets, fruits, soft-boiled eggs, jelly.

Forms

Acute gastritis during pregnancy

Gastritis in its first stage is acute – when the mucous membrane of the duodenum and stomach becomes inflamed. This disease has many causes – among them are bacterial, mechanical, temperature or chemical irritants.

Acute gastritis mostly develops in this way - first the upper cells and glands of the gastric mucosa are damaged, becoming the beginning of the inflammatory process. It will affect the upper layer of the mucosal epithelium, but the inflammation can go further - along the walls of the stomach, penetrating even into its muscle layers.

Many women who have a chronic form of this disease often notice that gastritis worsens during pregnancy. In most of them, it occurs against the background of early toxicosis, which is accompanied by profuse vomiting. This symptom can last 14-17 weeks, occurring in a severe and very unpleasant form.

But chronic gastritis itself is not considered a contraindication for pregnancy - it does not threaten the development of the fetus in any way, and does not affect childbirth. Although the sensations from it for the expectant mother will definitely be unpleasant. And, of course, after the birth of the child, this disease will definitely need to be cured, without putting it off for too long.

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Chronic gastritis during pregnancy

It should be noted right away that chronic gastritis during pregnancy does not have any special symptoms, because basically each person has their own way of experiencing this disease. For the most part, it manifests itself in the form of pain in the epigastric region, belching, nausea with vomiting and problems with stool. It can also cause early toxicosis in a severe form, causing serious discomfort.

When chronic gastritis is accompanied by a decrease in the level of acid secreted into the gastric juice, some of the above-described disorders become much more noticeable. When the acidity of the stomach remains within the previous limits, or even increases (this situation is typical for young people), sharp pain sensations in the upper abdomen are mainly observed, which often recur.

With gastritis with an increased acidity index, many pregnant patients note the appearance of sharp pain in the area "under the spoon". Discomfort around the navel or on the right under the rib is also possible. Often, such pain appears immediately after eating, and this is mainly fatty, spicy or sweet food. Occasionally, painful sensations may occur that do not depend on food intake - at night or even if the person has not eaten anything.

Exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy

Signs of gastritis in a pregnant woman can be observed at different stages. Its main symptoms are heartburn, nausea, painful sensations in the epigastric region, problems with stool.

Heartburn and nausea appear early on because at this time the body begins to intensively rebuild hormonally, preparing to bear a child. As the baby develops, the mother's internal organs change their location - the pancreas and stomach move back. Because of this, the contents of the stomach can enter the duodenum or esophagus. Alkaline acid, located in the duodenum, corrodes the gastric mucosa, which provokes the appearance of gastritis.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy can also worsen due to a change in food preferences, because women in this position are often very picky about food, often wanting to eat exotic foods, sometimes in the most unimaginable combinations and types. Consuming many products saturated with preservatives, as well as sweets, can worsen a previously existing disease during pregnancy. It should be treated immediately, without putting it off for later, since otherwise the fetus may become intoxicated.

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Gastritis with high acidity during pregnancy

When eliminating gastritis with increased stomach acidity, you should know several important things that will help eliminate the symptoms of the disease.

You can take medications that help reduce stomach acidity, such as antacids. They should be taken about 30 minutes before meals. Medications in this group should not be taken for more than 3 days without consulting a doctor.

To get rid of nausea, you should undergo a course of treatment with drugs belonging to the medicinal category of prokinetics - their effect improves motor activity in the stomach, reducing signs of heaviness and fullness in its epigastric region.

Attacks of pain, if you suffer from gastritis during pregnancy, can be eliminated by taking antispasmodics - they will remove spasms in the duodenum, as well as smooth stomach muscles, relieving pain and eliminating discomfort. But it should be noted that you should not abuse such drugs - they can hide the signs of some more serious disease, the development of which, thanks to them, will go unnoticed by you.

It should also be noted that pregnant women are prohibited from using antisecretory drugs that belong to the omeprazole group.

Erosive gastritis during pregnancy

Erosive gastritis is a type of inflammation of the gastric mucosa, in which erosions appear on its walls - areas where destruction is very noticeable. This type of disease can appear as a result of treatment with certain drugs - for example, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as due to frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages and the penetration of chemicals into the stomach that have a negative effect on the mucosa.

This gastritis mainly manifests itself in an acute form, sometimes even bleeding may occur. Although it can also be observed in a chronic form, when periods of exacerbation of the disease are replaced by periods of remission. If shallow erosions have appeared in the stomach, they will manifest themselves in the form of pain, a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen, nausea. If the erosion is deep, bleeding areas will appear in the stomach, which can later develop into a stomach ulcer.

Erosive gastritis during pregnancy requires examination of the patient in a hospital, when she is under strict medical supervision. To treat the disease, it is necessary to prescribe and follow a fairly strict diet. Another option is to take medications, when doctors decide what the risk to the child's development may be, as well as what the benefits of medications will be for the body of the expectant mother.

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Atrophic gastritis during pregnancy

Atrophic gastritis is one of the precursors of stomach cancer. It can be identified by such signs, having noticed which, you should be wary:

• Loss of appetite;
• Bloating, rumbling and heaviness in the abdomen after eating;
• Regular belching with a smell reminiscent of rotten eggs;
• Problems with stool - diarrhea and constipation alternate;
• A nagging pain in the stomach that sometimes occurs after eating;
• Manifestation of B12 deficiency/iron deficiency anemia;
• The tongue has a polished sheen;
• You sweat often, get tired quickly, and experience general weakness;
• In the late stages of the disease, weight loss occurs.

The most common symptoms identified and considered to be the most characteristic signs of the disease are dyspepsia syndrome – nausea, loss of appetite, heaviness in the abdomen; rumbling in the stomach, bloating.

Atrophic gastritis during pregnancy can manifest itself with a probability of 60-75% - this is a fairly high figure. Note that against the background of this disease, the probability of early toxicosis also increases.

Since a pregnant woman cannot undergo certain diagnostic procedures due to her condition, she needs to consult with three doctors at once to get an adequate diagnosis: a gynecologist, a therapist, and a gastroenterologist.

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Complications and consequences

If the expectant mother suffers from chronic gastritis, then it should be expected that it will worsen during pregnancy, since more than 70% of them are susceptible to this disease.

It should be noted that this disease should not be neglected, because complications in this case will not be slow to follow. But at the same time, it is also impossible to use any powerful drugs, because they can negatively affect the health of the child.

Any stomach disorder should be taken very seriously, because if the disease is neglected or not treated in time, it can lead to serious consequences and complications. For example, a miscarriage or even a fatal outcome can occur. If gastritis is neglected during pregnancy, it can develop into a stomach ulcer, which in turn can develop to a severe stage, at which symptoms such as pain shock are possible.

But still, you shouldn't be scared in advance, as painful sensations can be caused by completely harmless reasons. Although a specialist consultation is necessary in any case.

It should be noted that the intensity of pain is not an indicator of the severity of the disease, because each person has their own pain threshold. And there are diseases that can develop without any visible symptoms.

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Diagnostics gastritis in pregnancy

Different forms of the disease have some characteristic features that help to determine the clinical picture of the disease. For example, if the secretory activity of the gastric mucosa is increased, the first symptom will be pain that appears in the upper abdomen, as well as under the right rib or around the navel. Discomfort increases after eating spicy or fatty (in general, any food that is heavy for the stomach), but can also appear at night or even on an empty stomach. This form of the disease mainly appears in young women and should be treated by suppressing the secretory activity in the gastric mucosa.

If gastritis during pregnancy has a form when the acidity in the stomach is reduced, its signs become signs of dyspepsia. In this case, the pain is felt quite moderately, increasing due to the intake of a large amount of food - the stomach walls are stretched. With such gastritis, it is necessary to take drugs that can improve the secretory activity of the glands.

Mainly because of chronic gastritis, pregnant women suffer from toxicosis, which is quite severe. In addition, such toxicosis lasts quite a long time - about 14-17 weeks, and standard treatment does not help improve the situation.

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Tests

Blood analysis is performed first and foremost - a biochemical study will help to identify the level of gastrin concentration in the body. There are procedures that can detect the presence of antibodies in parietal cells, as well as the Helicobacter pylori bacterium. A peripheral blood test will also allow you to diagnose the presence of symptoms of B12-deficiency anemia, which often accompanies gastritis.

To clarify the diagnosis, they study how the disease developed, and they can also perform an endoscopic examination of the stomach. A special device takes a sample of gastric acid to determine its level. Thanks to the analysis, it is possible to determine the type of disease and what treatment is needed. It is difficult for a pregnant woman to endure an endoscopic procedure, but if the preliminary treatment does not allow a diagnosis to be made, it must be carried out.

Also, if there is a suspicion of gastritis during pregnancy, in addition to blood, it is necessary to give stool for occult blood and urine for analysis. Stool is given to find out whether the patient has any unnoticeable internal bleeding. This research method is often used in cases where, in addition to signs of gastritis, the pregnant woman has iron deficiency anemia.

Instrumental diagnostics

To diagnose chronic gastritis, the following procedures are performed:

• checking the work of the secretory-motor functions of the stomach;
• fibroendoscopic diagnostics is very valuable and productive, but it is quite burdensome for a pregnant woman, so it should be used only if other methods are ineffective or there are special indications. If gastritis is minor, gastroscopy will demonstrate the existing moderate swelling, along with irritation and inflammation on the damaged mucous membrane. In addition, the technique makes it possible to see focal hyperemia and increased mucus formation. Chronic gastritis during pregnancy, in which there is an increased level of acidity, often occurs accompanied by erosive disorders on the mucous membrane;
• the procedure of X-ray diagnostics of gastritis in a pregnant patient should not be carried out, because this method is not very informative, and X-ray radiation will have a negative effect on the child;
• The ultrasound method, performed on an empty stomach, will reveal the presence of hypersecretion and excess mucus in the stomach, will assess the thickness and condition of all its walls and local inflammations that will appear under the device's sensor.

Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnostics for the main types of gastritis is carried out if functional problems in the secretory gastric function are observed (irritation of the stomach, functional achylia). In such observations, it is taken into account that in chronic disease the symptoms are more pronounced and persistent, and how the picture of inflammation of the mucosa changed during biopsy and gastrofibroscopy procedures.

Gastritis during pregnancy, which maintains or has an increased level of acidity, as well as antral gastritis, which is accompanied by pain, must be differentiated from an ulcer. Gastritis does not have seasonal exacerbations and does not corrode the gastric mucosa - it is not as dangerous as an ulcer, but in the absence of treatment it can develop into it, so it cannot be neglected. Gastric polyposis should be differentiated from polypous gastritis - here you need to focus on a targeted biopsy after this examination.

To perform differential diagnostics of large hypertrophic gastritis, which is accompanied by a gastric tumor, as well as antral gastritis, the indications of targeted biopsy and gastrofibroscopic examination are used.

Treatment gastritis in pregnancy

During pregnancy, it is quite difficult to treat gastritis, since many medications are prohibited for use, but it should be noted that gastritis does not have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy itself and the development of the child.

To cure gastritis during pregnancy, you should start with choosing a suitable diet, as well as stabilizing the diet. When the disease is too severe, bed rest may be prescribed, as well as fractional meals - the number of meals per day is divided into 5-6 times. There should also be breakfast and a full dinner. At the very beginning of treatment (the first days), you should eat only semi-liquid food - this is necessary in order not to overload the stomach.

You should start the diet with thin soups with milk, as well as cottage cheese and dairy products. Then you can expand the diet by including quail or chicken eggs, which are steamed or soft-boiled. You can also start eating fresh fruit and vegetable products.

Chronic gastritis is treated individually, using differentiated and complex methods. If the disease worsens, Pevzner diet No. 1, semi-bed rest and separate (5-6 times a day) meals are prescribed.

When a pregnant woman has gastritis with increased acidity, if there is no swelling in the first half of pregnancy, she may be prescribed mineral waters. This may be Jermuk and Smirnovskaya, which should be drunk one and a half to two hours after eating three times a day, 150-300 ml. This water reduces the time of corrosion of the mucous membrane by gastric juice, helping to eliminate the inflammatory process. If there is chronic gastritis with a reduced acidity index, mineral waters such as Essentuki numbers 4 and 17, Mirgorodskaya, or Arzni are prescribed.

Medicines

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy with increased acidity is mainly treated in the same way as ulcerative disease.

If gastritis B has become aggravated in a pronounced form, the doctor may prescribe gastrofarm tablets (take 2 tablets three times a day half an hour before meals), as it prevents inflammatory processes.

The drug Maalox, which has an analgesic effect and also has cytoprotective and anacid properties, can also be used. It should be taken either as a suspension or as tablets an hour after eating.

The adsorbent drug Attapulgite helps restore the physiological balance in the stomach, preventing rapid acid formation. The medicine should be taken daily 3-5 times (1 powder 1-2 hours after meals; if necessary, it can be taken at night).

If gastritis A is observed, the symptoms are disturbances in intestinal digestion, as well as the exocrine work of the pancreas. To get rid of these symptoms, 0.5-1 g of pancreatin is prescribed before meals 3-4 times a day.

If problems with gastric motor function arise, metoclopramide is used. When pain occurs, antispasmodics may be prescribed.

Vitamins

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy, against the background of which the intake of vitamins into the body is impaired, can lead to quite serious complications of this disease. With some forms of gastritis, it is necessary to additionally take vitamins of groups A, B6, C, B12, PP.

These vitamins are found in fruit, berry and vegetable products - they contain folic and ascorbic acid, as well as carotene, which help restore health and energy to the body. Nicotinic acid and vitamins A and B can be found in high-calorie foods - dairy products, all kinds of cereals, black bread, sunflower and butter, as well as milk. But the vitamins that enter the body from food products do not always fully satisfy its daily needs, so sometimes doctors can prescribe a patient suffering from gastritis to take fortified foods, the packaging of which indicates what vitamins they contain, or some multivitamin preparations.

To stabilize the acidity level in the gastric mucosa, you should additionally take vitamins from the categories C, PP and B6 - these are the ones that are often prescribed to patients suffering from chronic gastritis.

Physiotherapy treatment

Gastritis during pregnancy can be treated with physiotherapy, but such procedures can be carried out subject to 2 main conditions - to help the patient and not to harm the child in her belly. In this situation, such procedures as electrophoresis, acupuncture, and electrorelaxation are mainly used.

Thanks to the physiotherapeutic method of treatment, the clinical signs of gastritis become less. It also stabilizes the motor function of the stomach, promoting better blood circulation, and increases the secretion of the mucous. So, there are the following physiotherapeutic procedures:

• Electrophoresis, in which the medicine is administered locally by means of current – into the area of the disorder;
• Applying warming substances to the stomach, heating pads;
• Electrotherapy – uses the anti-inflammatory, muscle-relaxing, analgesic effect of current;
• Magnetic therapy – magnets are used for treatment, which improve blood flow, relieve pain, and accelerate the healing of affected areas of the stomach.

If a pregnant woman experiences early toxicosis with vomiting and nausea, physiotherapy can influence the vomiting center in the brain to reduce the symptoms that are debilitating to the body.

Folk remedies

There are several folk methods for treating gastritis.

Using lettuce - a tablespoon of crushed lettuce leaves is poured with a glass of boiling water and infused for 1-2 hours, after which the infusion should be filtered. The resulting decoction is drunk twice a day for half a glass, and also 1 glass at night.

A herbal mixture that combines several components. These are 3 tablespoons of brittle buckthorn bark and 1 tablespoon each of yarrow and trifoli leaves. A tablespoon of this mixture is poured with 200 ml of boiling water, after which it is infused for about 30-40 minutes. It is necessary to drink half a glass to a glass of tincture at night. This remedy helps to stabilize the work of the intestines.

Thyme is also suitable for treatment. Take 100 g of dry grass, which should be poured with 1 liter of dry white wine. The resulting mixture should be left for 1 week, shaking it occasionally. After this, the tincture should be boiled and left wrapped up for another 4-6 hours. Then it is filtered and drunk daily 2-3 times before meals in a dosage of 30-50 ml.

You can eat about 8 grams of propolis on an empty stomach every day for a month. If you have an allergy to the medicine, you should stop taking it.

Gastritis during pregnancy is relieved by sea buckthorn - 3 tablespoons are poured with 500 ml of water, boiled under a lid, filtered and honey is added (to taste). The infusion should be drunk daily before meals, 2-3 glasses.

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Herbal treatment

Often, when gastritis worsens during pregnancy, many people prefer to cope with this disease using natural remedies. In such cases, tinctures and herbs can have a good effect, which help reduce pain and also resist the inflammatory process.

To treat gastritis, which is characterized by high acidity, herbs such as St. John's wort, chamomile flowers, trefoil, mint leaves, celandine, as well as flax and oat seeds, and knotweed are used.

If the patient has developed gastritis with a reduced acidity level, good medicines include wormwood flowers, caraway, thyme, aromatic oregano, parsley, parsnip, and plantain leaves.

But keep in mind that these herbs should only be purchased at a pharmacy and brewed according to the instructions. Also, you should not consume too many of these tinctures, because some of them can have a negative effect on the course of complex treatment.

Herbs that have a sedative effect also help improve the condition of gastritis - these are motherwort and valerian. But it is important to remember that a pregnant woman may have a completely different reaction to any treatment, because her body is in an unusual position. So even herbal remedies should not be taken without consulting a specialist.

Homeopathy

In case of exacerbation of gastritis during pregnancy, homeopathy is often used for treatment.

Homeopathic medicine Gastricumel, which has a sedative, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic effect. It is prescribed for the treatment of chronic and acute gastritis. You need to take 1 tablet under the tongue three times a day. No side effects were found. Can be used if your gastritis worsens during pregnancy.

Antiemetic homeopathic medicine Spascuprel, which gives an analgesic, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, sedative effect. It is used for gastroduodenitis and gastritis to stop vomiting. It has no contraindications and side effects. The medicine is taken three times a day, 1 tablet under the tongue.

Homeopathic remedy Nux Vomica Homaccord, which counteracts inflammatory reactions and soothes spasms resulting from inflammation. Suitable if the patient has problems with the digestive tract due to complications that have arisen as a result of drug therapy. The drug has no side effects or contraindications. It is taken three times a day in a dosage of 10 drops.

Surgical treatment

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy, if not treated adequately, can develop into a peptic ulcer. An ulcer can lead to various complications, including possible bleeding in the stomach and intestines. This is very dangerous for the life of the child - a miscarriage may occur. If there is severe bleeding in the stomach during pregnancy, urgent surgical intervention is necessary.

If the outcome is unfavorable, the ulcer can cause stomach cancer, although this disease is rarely observed in pregnant women. It is noted that the first signs of stomach cancer begin to appear at the 15th-16th week of pregnancy. Painful sensations in the epigastric region occur, nausea and vomiting begin, and there is a lack of appetite. Melena may also be observed, although the manifestations are blurred. The diagnosis can be made based on the results of a biopsy and fibrogastroscopy. In this case, only surgery is needed; conservative treatment will not give any results. But it should also be understood that in most cases the prognosis for both the mother and the child will be unfavorable.

Gastritis itself is treated with diets, medications, various herbs and tinctures - surgery is not required to eliminate it.

Diet for gastritis during pregnancy

Pregnant women who suffer from gastritis must follow a diet, the main rules of which include:

• Foods must be chewed thoroughly or pre-chopped or ground into a puree;
• Avoid eating food that is too hot or too cold;
• You should eat 4-6 times a day, but the portions should be small.

If gastritis worsens during pregnancy, you should initially consume only liquid soups made with milk, barley, rice, oats. Small portions, which are consumed frequently during the day, help to balance the work of the digestive system.

Another important task is to stabilize the stool. If you have diarrhea, drink blueberry, pear, pomegranate, blackcurrant, dogwood juices; if you suffer from constipation, apricot, carrot or beet juices, fresh kefir or curdled milk, as well as grated vegetables will suit you.

It is forbidden to eat spicy, salty and fatty foods. Sweets are allowed, but in small quantities.

Gastritis can also be treated with green apples. Peel 2 apples, remove the core, and grate them using a fine grater. The resulting mass should be eaten in the morning. In the first month, this mixture should be eaten every day, in the second - 2-3 times a week, and in the third - only 1 time per week.

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Prevention

Preventing gastritis is easier than some might think. The main conditions include learning to eat hot food at lunch, not having a heavy dinner, and generally trying not to eat too quickly – chewing thoroughly and slowly.

As a preventive measure, diets should be used, and a regimen of both work and rest should be observed. The main method is still considered to be a diet. With it, the daily food ration is divided into 5-6 meals - in small portions. It is important to chew food thoroughly, slowly and without swallowing large pieces. If you do not follow the last condition, you can earn yourself indigestion.

Extractive substances, as well as food that can irritate the stomach, should be removed from the diet. Among such products are canned goods, hot seasonings and spices, fatty broths, smoked meat, strong black tea.

If you have gastritis during pregnancy, overeating is not recommended. You should also take into account the psychological state of the pregnant woman - she should try to avoid stress, not get upset over trifles, and monitor her daily routine.

It is also important to keep your teeth in good condition, as caries can cause stomach infections.

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Forecast

Spontaneous disappearance of the H.pylori bacteria has not been observed in medical practice, since this infection is characterized by the fact that it remains for life. Therefore, the prognosis can be determined based on the effectiveness of anti-Helicobacter treatment. It can become worse if complications such as ulcers, gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT lymphoma occur.

Chronic gastritis during pregnancy is not life-threatening for the patient, but the sensations from it are very unpleasant. Basically, inpatient treatment is not necessary for this disease, but if, as sometimes happens, complications begin, aggravated by the development of the dystrophic process, the patient can be hospitalized in the gastroenterology department.

A negative prognosis and even a risk to life can be expected in the case of the development of autoimmune gastritis - this is determined by observing how pernicious anemia proceeds and how dysplasia develops. In this case, the patient will have to be under active observation for the rest of her life, which will involve endoscopic and morphological examinations.

Autoimmune trophic gastritis can cause gastric adenocarcinoma. Carcinoids formed during the disease are usually small in size.

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