Augmentin in pregnancy: dosage and reviews

For a woman who wants to become a mother, the question of planning pregnancy after taking antibiotics is actual. Even if this antibiotic Augmentin, which is considered relatively safe and is prescribed by doctors to women waiting for the baby. Perhaps this is why women who are planning a pregnancy in the near future choose this medicine if they need antibiotic treatment.

Augmentin in planning pregnancy

Official medicine recommends after the disease, which caused the need for antibiotics, to be protected for at least three months and only then to try to become pregnant. This is explained by the fact that entering the systemic bloodstream, the antibiotic has a negative effect on all human organs, including gametes (sex cells) of both women and men.

Let's try to understand this question. Female gametes (ovules) are not updated, they are laid by the female embryo by the end of the first trimester of pregnancy, their number decreases with time, but new ones do not appear. Therefore, the stock of eggs affects all the unfavorable factors, including antibiotics, which met not only the woman, but also the mother pregnant with her. To be frightened it is not necessary, but it is necessary to consider this fact.

Amoxicillin - an antibiotic of the penicillin series, the active substance of Augmentin, has a spectrum of side effects. Even if external undesirable manifestations have not been observed, the condition of the internal organs of the future mother after a serious illness that required antibiotic therapy requires some rehabilitation period, since during the period of bearing the load the burden on all organs of a woman will increase. The course of treatment with any antibiotic increases the risk of miscarriage after the pregnancy immediately after therapy.

Three months of rehabilitation will be enough to make the mother's body stronger after the disease and drug therapy. In extreme cases, it is recommended to skip at least one menstrual cycle. The goal of the recovery period is the normalization of a balanced natural biocenosis of the intestine and immune defense of the body.

By the way, if the future father passed the course of antibiotic therapy, then it is also appropriate to observe a three-month interval before conception. During this time, the male gametes (spermatozoa) are completely renewed.

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Whether it is possible Augmentin at pregnancy?

The official instruction to the drug says that it is not recommended to use Augmentin for the treatment of pregnant women, especially in the first three months, when almost all the organs and systems of the future child's body are laid.

The active ingredients of this drug penetrate the placenta barrier. And although there is no data on its teratogenicity, this does not mean that it will not affect the development and health of the baby. The consequence of taking Augmentin may be inflammation of the internal wall of the intestine (necrotizing intecolitic) in the newborn - the most common cause of the postnatal critical situation.

Exceptions are cases of extreme necessity. And what case should be considered as such, the doctor should decide, and in part the future mother will be able to estimate her condition and decide what will be more beneficial for her and her child. No one is immune from the side effects listed below, and penicillin preparations (which include Augmentin) are among the most common medicinal allergens. In addition to allergic reactions, the most frequent complications of antibiotic therapy in pregnant women are candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes. Therefore, before you drink the first pill or prepare a suspension of Augmentin, think carefully.

Indications of the augmentin in pregnancy

This medication is prescribed in case of local infection or systemic (respiratory organs, urogenital organs, epithelium and soft tissues) by bacteria sensitized to its active ingredient.

He has a fairly wide range of activity, yet a pregnant woman should always determine susceptibility to Augmentin microorganisms that caused her disease, as well as to make a test for allergy to this medication.

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Release form

Produced in the form of the following dosage forms:

• tableted with the content of active ingredients (amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, mg): 500 g / 125, 875/125; prolonged action - 1000 / 62.5 mg;
• packets of powder for making a suspension with the content of active ingredients in dosages of 5 ml of the finished suspension (amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, mg): 200 / 28.5; 400/57; as well as a bottle of 100ml with a measuring spoon - for the manufacture of a suspension-forte 600 / 42.9;
• prepacked powder for injection solution with the content of active ingredients (amoxicillin / clavulanic acid, mg): 500/100; 1000/200.

[3], [4], [5]

Pharmacodynamics

The active substance of the drug Amoxicillin. It is a semisynthetic antibiotic of the penicillin series, to which many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are susceptible. Amoxicillin in this drug is potentiated with clavulanic acid, which prevents its decay from the action of ß-lactamase enzymes and, accordingly, increases the range of its antibacterial activity. Thanks to this composition, Augmentin is able to neutralize ß-lactamase enzymes produced by bacilli resistant to penicillin and cephalosporin drugs. In addition, it exhibits activity to plasmid ß-lactamases, often causing cross resistance to antibiotics. Clavulanic acid also has its own bactericidal properties.

The listed list of microorganisms is classified according to the sensitization to the drug established in the laboratory:

• Gram-positive aerobic bacteria: causative agents of anthrax and listeriosis, enterococci (faecalis, faecium), staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative (including epidermal), group B streptococcus, B-group hemolytic group A, pneumococci and others;
• Gram-positive anaerobic bacteria: clostridia, peptococci, peptostreptococci;
• Gram-negative aerobic bacteria: pertussis wand, brucella, E. Coli, vaginal gardnerella, Pfeiffer rod, Helicobacter, gonococci, meningococci, pasteurellas, some Klebsiella and legionella species, cholera vibrio, Yersinia enterocolitis, some proteins, Salmonella, Shigella and others;
• gram-negative anaerobic bacteria: some species of bacteroides and fusobacteria;
• other microorganisms: spirocheta borrelia (causative agent of Lyme disease), some types of chlamydia, lertospira, treponema.

Pharmacokinetics

The effective ingredients of this medication when taken orally are quickly and easily absorbed by the tissues of the gastrointestinal tract, and absorption improves if you combine the intake of the oral forms of Augmentin with the onset of food intake. The therapeutic concentrations of its active substances are detected in the tissues of the respiratory, digestive, genitourinary, muscle, skin, and interstitial fluids. The level of binding of the active components of the drug to plasma proteins is low: clavulanate - 25% of the total concentration in the plasma, amoxicillin - 18%.

Studies conducted on animals show that the active components of Augmentin do not tend to accumulate in the tissues, they penetrate the placental barrier and are determined in breast milk. Their teratogenic properties were not found.

Approximately three-quarters of the amoxicillin taken is eliminated by the kidneys during the first six hours of a single-time oral drug intake. Clavulanate is excreted during the same time with urine - up to 65%, its metabolites - with urine and feces, and also - with exhaled air.

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Dosing and administration

The first three months of childbearing predetermine the formation of all the vital organs of the unborn child, so taking antibiotics during this period is strictly prohibited. Augmentin is not prescribed in the first trimester of pregnancy.

From the third to the sixth month of pregnancy is the formation of body systems, augmentin in the 2 trimester of pregnancy, if necessary, can already be appointed. It is believed that at this stage of the formation of the fetus the drug can no longer bring significant harm.

From the seventh to the ninth month the body develops and the organs begin to function. Augmentin in the third trimester of pregnancy, perhaps, to take it safer.

Dosage of the drug to a pregnant woman should be prescribed by a doctor, based on the severity of clinical manifestations. The minimum duration of treatment with Augmentin is five days, if necessary, it can be continued, but no more than up to two weeks.

Dosage Augmentin, usually 625 mg (500 mg amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid) every eight hours or 1000 mg (875 amoxicillin and 125 mg clavulanic acid) every twelve hours. Such dosages are used in the treatment of acute bacterial ENT infections, pneumonia, cystitis, pyelonephritis, diagnosed exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, abscesses of the skin and soft tissues, joint and bone infections.

Pregnant women are advised to take the medicine in the form of a suspension, since the liquid form is considered less aggressive. The doctor calculates the dosage and the frequency of reception, based on the condition of the woman, since the suspension is addressed to children and the dosages of amoxicillin in it are lower.

In principle, we accept the use of any dosage form, the main thing is to correctly dose the active substance in order to achieve a therapeutic effect as soon as possible.

You can apply and prolonged forms of the drug (once a day), and combine the tablets with the suspension. However, dosing is prescribed only by the doctor individually, and self-administration of the drug or an independent change of its form for a pregnant woman is unacceptable. With the correct dosage of Augmentin, the therapeutic effect comes about on the third day, but the drug must be drunk for at least five days. During this time the pathogenic microflora should be destroyed. For a pregnant woman this is especially important, since not completely destroyed bacteria can cause a relapse of the disease, and it will have to be treated again.

Most often resort to the treatment of pregnant women with antibiotics when they diagnose purulent sore throat. Women waiting for a child, it is necessary to pass an analysis in the bacteriological laboratory to determine the strain of the bacterium-pathogen, so that the prescribed treatment is most effective. Purulent sore throat, as a rule, is caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal infection. Treatment of angina Augmentin during pregnancy is justified, since this drug is active to these pathogens and is considered safe for the unborn child.

[8], [9]

Contraindications

Sensitization to one or more ingredients of the medicine, antibiotics of the penicillin series, ß-lactams (cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams), toxic hepatic reactions to the acting components of the drug, infectious mononucleosis.

Side effects of the augmentin in pregnancy

Undesirable effects from the effects of the drug, especially manifested in a pregnant woman, are undesirable doubly, as they will necessitate additional treatment.

Very often, the treatment with tablets leads to diarrhea, a slightly less upset stomach appears as a consequence of therapy with suspension or injections. Often, especially when using high dosages, nausea or vomiting occurs, the probability of which decreases with the use of Augmentin at the beginning of the meal.

Common side effects include candidiasis of the genitals, skin and mucous membranes.

The instruction states that allergic rashes occur not too often, and more severe allergic reactions are extremely rare.

Occasionally, there may be a decrease in white blood cell, platelet and neutrophil counts; dizziness or headache; a moderate increase in the level of hepatic transaminases. Very rarely - hemolytic anemia, convulsions, increased excitability, aseptic meningitis, hepatitis, violation of bile outflow, interstitial nephritis, excessive salt content in the urine.

Side effects, as a rule, are reversible, but for a future mother it is a weak consolation.

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Overdose

It can be expressed in violations of the functions of the digestive system: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; hyper- or dehydration; the appearance of excess salts in the urine. Therapy is based on the symptoms, the water-electrolyte metabolism is corrected.

[10], [11], [12]

Interactions with other drugs

It is not used in combination with probenecid and allopurinol. It can affect the effectiveness of combined oral contraceptives, but for pregnant women all this is hardly relevant.

[13], [14], [15]

Storage conditions

Store no more than two years, observing the temperature regime up to 25 ° C in a room with low humidity.

[16], [17], [18]

Reviews

Comments of women who during pregnancy had to undergo therapy with Augmentin, basically, say that everything ended well. Some complain about allergic reactions, however, with their children, everything is in order.