Anti-adrenergic drugs

Clonidine (gemiton, catapresan, clonidine) - has a pronounced hypotensive effect. Clonidine is used in therapeutic practice to treat hypertension. It has been established that with late toxicosis of pregnancy, the level of catecholamines in the blood increases, and the use of clonidine leads to hypotensive, sedative and slight diuretic effects. The drug is effective in very small doses. When taken orally, 0.075 mg is prescribed 2-4 times a day. If the hypotensive effect is insufficient, a single dose is increased every 1-2 days from 0.0375 (5 tablets containing 0.075 mg) to 0.15-0.3 mg per dose 2-4 times a day. The daily dose is 0.3-0.45 mg.

For high blood pressure, it is advisable to administer the drug intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intravenously. For convenience during labor or to quickly reduce blood pressure, 0.5-1 ml of a 0.01% solution (0.05-0.1 mg) is administered. For intravenous use, 0.5-1 ml of a 0.01% solution of clonidine is diluted in 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution and administered slowly over 3-5 minutes.

The discovery of the analgesic effect of clonidine, which has become widespread in the clinic as an antihypertensive drug, marked a new stage in the development of the issue of non-reimbursable drug analgesia. As studies have shown, clonidine, along with its analgesic effect, has the ability to normalize hemodynamic shifts in pain of various origins. These data served as a scientific basis for testing clonidine in approved doses in the clinic for the treatment of various pain syndromes.

Clonidine is well absorbed after oral administration. Its action begins after 1 hour, and the peak concentration in the blood plasma is reached after 3-5 hours. The half-life is 12-16 hours, the duration of action is up to 24 hours. With parenteral, especially intravenous administration, the pharmacokinetic indicators are significantly shortened and the effect occurs after 3-5 minutes, and its duration is 2-8 hours.

Clonidine has no contraindications for use during pregnancy, although it penetrates the placental barrier. There are no reports in the literature of the damaging effects of the drug on the fetus or the mother's body, but when prescribing clonidine to pregnant women, mandatory periodic measurement of blood pressure is required. Long-term use of the drug by pregnant women in doses of 0.3-0.75 mg per day does not lead to side effects in the fetus or newborn child.

In experiments conducted on rats, mice, rabbits, no teratogenic effect of the drug was found. When using clonidine at a dose of 500 mcg/kg/day, no congenital anomalies were observed in the fetus.

Release form: tablets of 0.075 and 0.15 mg in a package of 50 or 100 tablets; ampoules of 1 ml of 0.01% injection solution (0.1 mg per ampoule) in a package of 10 or 100 ampoules.

[ 1 ], [ 2 ], [ 3 ], [ 4 ], [ 5 ], [ 6 ]