Diseases of teeth and oral cavity in children

Teeth. At the child of six-seven months on the bottom jaw there are two first teeth - incisors. In eight to nine months on the upper jaw, symmetrically - two more upper incisors. In ten months there are two upper incisors on both sides of the first two. In a year they symmetrically appear two more incisors on the lower jaw. In 12-15 months at a distance of one tooth from the first four, the first premolars grow on both jaws, first the lower premolars, then the upper premolars. In 18-20 months fangs appear and in 20 months - molars, also in the beginning lower, then upper.

Thus, by 20-30 months, the baby has 20 milk teeth, with some children ahead of these terms, while others lag behind the program.

For baby teeth, you need to take care no less carefully than for permanent teeth. After eating, rinse your mouth with plain water, and even better - brush your teeth. Naturally, you need to brush your teeth in the morning and in the evening, regardless of food. Therefore, as soon as the baby has four incisors at the top and bottom, buy the baby a toothbrush (small, special for children - soft) and teach him how to brush his teeth properly. Movements with a toothbrush should go in all directions: from left to right, up and down, front and back. Up to three years old, let him brush his teeth without a paste or powder (so he does not get full), and from three years old you can use special children's pastes, which are sold in huge quantities, both domestic and foreign.

It is especially important to brush your teeth at night, as food particles remain in your mouth, and microbes that cause caries will multiply in them. In addition, under the influence of saliva, food pieces decompose with the formation of acids, which destroy the enamel of the teeth. To strengthen the gums, you can massage them with your fingers for one minute.

For teeth, sweets are very harmful (sweets, pies, cookies, halva), especially those that adhere to the teeth. Therefore it is not desirable to give sweets to children before going to bed, it is better to replace them with an apple. This is an excellent training, strengthening teeth, gums, chewing muscles and causing profuse salivation.

Prevention of tooth decay should be the subject of your special care. To do this, you need: 1) to regularly check teeth; 2) timely treat them; 3) use pastes containing fluoride; 4) limit the use of sweets; 5) brush your teeth regularly.

If tooth decay nevertheless impressed the milk teeth, then they must be treated. First, although the milk teeth fall out, but in their place appear permanent, and caries from the milk teeth can go to them. Secondly, tooth decay is the focus of infection, and therefore, sick teeth can cause serious diseases: rheumatism, bronchial asthma, stomach and kidney diseases. Untreated, neglected carious teeth can lead to meningitis, brain abscess, sepsis. In addition, deep caries can reach the jawbone and prevent the development of a permanent tooth.

Check your baby's teeth every two weeks. If caries are found - and it manifests itself in the form of a small dot, do not hesitate. Caries very quickly develops and spreads from one tooth to another.

Do not forget one more thing. Teeth should be treated better when they do not hurt. If the child's first visit to the dentist is associated with severe pain, you will create a serious problem for yourself in the future. When again it becomes necessary to visit the dental office, the baby will be very difficult to convince that this time it will not hurt. In children, there is another complication - the wrong formation of the dentition. Individual teeth can erupt outside of it, be rotated relative to others, find one on the other. Sometimes the upper row of anterior teeth protrudes far forward compared to the lower one and vice versa. The cause of abnormal teething can be rickets, diseases of the upper respiratory tract, and sometimes sucking a finger. Defects in the formation of the dentition can cause a violation of pronunciation, and this leads in the future to isolation, shyness and self-doubt.

Stomatitis. In the first year of life, children often suffer from the disease of the oral mucosa and, more often, the so-called thrush. Treatment of thrush is not difficult. First of all, it is necessary to observe the hygienic rules: carefully wash the nipples and pacifiers, treat them with a solution of soda (half a spoonful on a glass of water). In no case should you lick the pacifier before giving it to the baby. Before the doctor arrives, the white islets on the gums and tongue before or after the meal can be washed with a 1% solution of soda, and in addition, applied to the cotton wool by a solution of vitamin B12.

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