Bleeding in early pregnancy

Bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy is a serious deviation from the norm and may indicate various kinds of disorders requiring urgent medical attention.

Bleeding from the genitals in the early stages of pregnancy can be mild, moderate or very intense. Bloody discharge can differ in color and have a brown or black tinge, and also be scarlet or pinkish in color and contain bloody clots.

The intensity of excreta can be scarce even when opening a strong intrauterine bleeding. In such cases, the blood can be held between the uterine walls and the placenta and leave in a small amount. That is why it is extremely important to immediately consult a doctor even with the smearing discharge in order to provide timely help and keep the pregnancy.

[1], [2], [3]

Causes of bleeding in early pregnancy

The causes of bleeding in early pregnancy can be as follows:

• Bloody discharge associated with the process of fixing a fertilized egg on the mucous membrane of the uterus. In this case, the embryonic tissue can damage the uterine vessels, which leads to isolation from the genital tract to the blood. This phenomenon usually occurs after a lapse of ten to fourteen days after fertilization, shortly before the expected start of the monthly cycle (implantation spotting).
• The threat of termination of pregnancy is the most common cause of bleeding at the initial stages of pregnancy. In such cases, bloody discharge is accompanied, as a rule, by pain in the abdomen, according to the type of contractions. The risk of miscarriage can occur if the infection is infected (usually the genitourinary system), with the use of any medications, with various kinds of injuries, as well as due to impaired fetal development or other unfavorable factors.
• Interruption of pregnancy (miscarriage). If the rejection of the embryo has already occurred, blood clots usually show clots of tissue.
• Incomplete termination of pregnancy (miscarriage). In such cases, bleeding is characterized by secretions of clots and tissue elements. The cervix after partial miscarriage does not completely close. In order to prevent infection and open bleeding, the patient needs a uterine curettage, as opposed to a complete spontaneous abortion, in which the uterine cavity is empty and the cervix is completely closed. Save pregnancy with incomplete miscarriage is not possible, as the embryo dies.
• Fading of the fetus. Such pathology can be accompanied, in addition to spotting, pain in the abdomen or asymptomatic. In such cases, after confirmation of the diagnosis with the help of ultrasound and blood tests, the uterine cavity is scraped or else the spontaneous rejection of the embryo is expected.
• Bubble skidding is a condition that occurs when impaired fertility is accompanied by a bubbly overgrowth of the placenta villi. In this case, the embryo itself may be completely absent. Uterine bleeding can open at any stage of the development of a bladder drift and be quite intense.
• Ectopic pregnancy. This condition is characterized by the fixation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus and is accompanied, in addition to bleeding, by pains in the lower abdomen of the aching, cutting or cramping character.
• Bleeding, not associated with the process of pregnancy, can occur as a result of trauma to the genital tract, the development of uterine diseases (erosion) and vagina, as well as infection of the genitals.

[4], [5], [6]

Symptoms of bleeding in early pregnancy

Symptoms of bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy, in addition to bloody discharge from the genitals of varying severity, may be accompanied by the following symptoms:

• Pain in the lower abdomen is of different nature and intensity (dull, aching, cutting, cramping).
• Pain in the lower back.
• Nausea.
• Vomiting.
• Dizziness.

Any of these symptoms, accompanied by secretions of blood from the genital tract, require an immediate examination of the doctor. By themselves, such signs can be quite common phenomenon that occurs during pregnancy.

However, equally they can signal about various violations that pose a threat to the fetation of the fetus. This is why, regardless of the intensity of these symptoms, it is necessary to inform the treating gynecologist. Pain and bleeding during pregnancy is an alarming symptom that should in no case be left without attention for the timely taking of the most possible measures to prevent negative consequences.

Diagnosis of bleeding in early pregnancy

Diagnosis of bleeding in early pregnancy should be performed only by a qualified physician, self-diagnosis and self-medication can lead to irreversible consequences posing a serious threat to the health of a woman and bearing a fetus.

When performing the diagnosis, parameters such as the intensity of bloody discharge, abdominal pain or lower back are taken into account, a gynecological examination is performed, the condition of the cervix is evaluated, the patient should pass all necessary tests and conduct an ultrasound.

Based on the survey, the doctor will be able to determine the causes of bleeding and take the necessary measures.

[7], [8]

Treatment of bleeding in early pregnancy

Treatment of bleeding in early pregnancy depends on the causes that provoked it and can include various methods aimed at maintaining a pregnancy.

If the uterine pharynx is damaged, the patient is assigned bed rest and exclusion of any physical activity.

With hormonal disorders and a lack of progesterone, treatment consists in introducing this hormone inwardly in the form of vaginal suppositories, tablets or injections, and also in observing a sparing regimen.

If embryo rejection has already occurred, the patient is completely scraped out of such tissues from the uterus.

With the development of ectopic pregnancy, a woman needs urgent hospitalization and surgical intervention.

If any unfavorable symptoms appear during pregnancy, you should immediately notify the attending physician in order to identify the reasons and timely take the necessary measures to preserve the pregnancy and the health of the woman.

Prevention of bleeding in early pregnancy

Specific prophylaxis of bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy is absent, since such states can arise due to various genetic disorders that are not related to the influence of environmental factors.

General prevention of disorders that can have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy consists in the timely treatment of diseases of the genital organs, in observing the correct regime of the day, full and balanced nutrition, the exclusion of stressful situations, the conduct of a healthy lifestyle, excluding smoking and drinking alcohol.

Before taking any medications, always consult with your doctor and make sure that they are safe during pregnancy.

Forecast of bleeding in early pregnancy

The prognosis of bleeding in the early stages of pregnancy, associated with the threat of interruption, can be different depending on a number of factors. If the uterus has not undergone any changes, a timely call to the doctor allows you to save your pregnancy.

If the cervix is slightly shortened and the outer throat is slightly open, timely measures can also help to keep the pregnancy.

In the next stage of rejection of the embryo, it is practically impossible to keep the pregnancy. With incomplete miscarriage, the uterine cavity is cleaned by scraping.

[9], [10], [11], [12]