Social development of the child

The child ripens not only as a representative of a specific biological species. He grows among people, constantly learning to interact with them, both with older ones and with peers, and preparing for a future adult life that will be exclusively the life of a member of human society, that is, social life. Therefore, in addition to the processes of growth, development and biological maturation, the child goes through a complex path that can be designated by the term "socialization", or social development of the child. These are all forms of communication, interaction, cooperation with other people, the establishment of mutual understanding and mutual respect, mutual support and mutual assistance, the joint solution of urgent tasks of protecting life on Earth and the social progress of mankind. And all this is the highest and the global has its small origins, fragile roots. These roots are the first gaze on the face and in the eyes of your mother, the first part in feeding, the first smile and agukanie.

Socialization is a phenomenon that is not always parallel to the development of the physical body and biological maturation. For socialization, the accumulation of experience of communication and interaction, and experience not only positive, but also negative, requires experience of empathy, love, pity, and experience in a variety of activities. First of all, it is self-service, then work, creation, creativity, and the ability to protect oneself, compatriots and other people. Socialization includes the adoption and mastery of all cultural and scientific heritage of parents and compatriots, and the whole world culture in general. Socialization does not come through special forms of training or training, that is, it is not enough. You need reinforcement with your own experience. In all ages in childhood this experience is accumulated both from life together with the family and other adults, and from the game. The game, children's tales, children's literature and cinema - the second after the family stimulant of socialization. The next places in terms of importance are school, group hobbies and creativity. The environment of socialization as part of the integral development environment is not always optimal and, accordingly, the child's socialization and its subsequent fate in society will not be optimal either. The process of socialization must also have its own conditional end point or border of complete completeness. There are different proposals on the criteria for such completeness, but the generally accepted formulation is not yet available. Of course, these criteria should include the ability to make responsible decisions, achieve an independent position in society, the ability to provide a family, educate your own children, contribute to the creation of material goods and protection of the natural environment, etc. Obviously, the final stages of social maturity will be attributed already to terms that have been postponed for at least 15-30 years from the end of puberty or biological maturity.

Concrete attempts are being made to create scales for the diagnosis of the stages of the process of socialization in childhood and adolescence.

In Russia, the scale of measuring the social competence of E. Doll in the modification of VI Gordeev et al. Was best studied and adapted. The degree of social competence, or maturity, is assessed in several areas of the child's socialization. The tag number in the scale below is also an evaluation score. You can use the assessment of any of the profiles, revealing the presence of discrepancies in development and upbringing.

Scale of social competence E. Doll in the modification of VI Gordeev et al.

1. SHG (self-help general)	General self-service and self-monitoring of safety
2. SHE (self-help eating)	Self-help for feeding
3. SHD (self-help dressing)	Self-help when dressing
4. SD (self-direction)	A responsibility
5. About (occupation)	Ability to allocate time
6. C (communication)	Communication
7. L (locomotion)	Independence when moving
8. S (socialization)	Socialization

1.6. Shouts, laughs

2.1. Keeps his head in balance

3.1. Grabs items within range

4.1. It extends to familiar people

5.1. Turning over

6.1. It extends to nearby subjects

7.5. Left unattended, he finds himself

8.1. Sits without support

9.1. Pulling up, assuming a vertical position

10.6. Lispens, imitates sounds

11.2. Drinks from a cup or glass with the help of an adult

12.7. Moves on the floor from place to place

13.1. Giving two fingers (the first and some other)

14.8. Requires special attention

5.1. Worth one without support

16.2. Do not pour (when eating)

17.6. Performs simple instructions, requests, tasks or commands

18.7. Left unattended, walks around the room

19.5. Leaves traces of pencil or chalk

20.2. Chews food

21.3. He pulls off his socks

22.5. "Converts" subjects

23.1. Overcomes simple obstacles or obstacles

24.5. Finds or brings (upon request) familiar objects

25.2. Without help drinking from a cup or glass

26.1. No longer needs a baby carriage

27.8. Playing with other children

28.2. Eats a spoon himself

29.7. Walking around the apartment or yard (under supervision)

30.2. Distinguishes edible from inedible

31.8. Uses names of familiar items

32.7. Goes up the stairs yourself

33.2. Expands candy

34.6. Says short sentences

35.1. Asking to go to the toilet

36.5. Develops his own game activity (coming up with games)

37.3. Take off your coat or dress yourself

38.2. Eats a fork himself

39.2. Looking for and pouring water, milk or juice for drinking

40.3. Sam wipes his hands after washing

41.1. Is able to avoid simple dangers (car, another's dog)

42.3. Himself puts on a coat or dress

43.5. Sam cuts scissors paper

44.6. Tells about some events or stories

45.7. Goes down the stairs: one step - one step

46.8. Playing common games in kindergarten with pleasure

47.3. He fastens buttons on his coat or dress

48.5. Helps in petty housework

49.8. Plays performances for others

50.3. Wash hands without assistance

51.1. He sits down on the pot and wipes himself after the pot.

52.3. Wash face without assistance

53.7. Can walk nearby unattended

54.3. Dresses alone, but can not tie shoelaces

55.5. Uses chalk or pencil while drawing

56.8. Playing in competitive games

57.5. Himself sledging or skating

58.6. Writes simple words in block letters

59.8. Plays simple board games

60.4. A child can be trusted with money

61.7. Can go to school without supervision

62.2. Uses a table knife for spreading

63.6. Uses a pencil for writing

64.3. Washes in the bath (shower, bath) with limited help

65.3. Can go to bed without help

66.1. Knows the time by the hour to within a quarter of an hour

67.2. Uses a cutting knife for cutting

68.8. Denies the existence of Santa Claus and other fairy-tale characters

69.8. Participates in games of older children and adolescents

70.3. Combing with comb or brush

71.5. Uses a working tool for different purposes

72.5. Can perform the usual homework

73.6. Reads on its own initiative

74.3. Washes in the bath (shower, bath) yourself

75.2. He takes care of himself at the table

76.4. Makes small purchases

77.7. Walk freely around the house

78.6. Sometimes he writes short letters

79.6. Calls by phone

80.5. Performs small works of economic importance

81.6. Reacts to information sources (radio, newspapers, advertising)

82.5. Plans and performs small creative works

83.4. Remains at home on their own care or to look after others

84.6. Enjoys books, newspapers, magazines

85.6. Playing difficult games

86.3. Develops full self-care

87.4. Independently buys clothing accessories

88.8. Included in the activities of adolescent groups

89.5. Performs a responsible routine homework

90.6. Supports contacts by mail

91.6. Follows the latest news

92.7. One walks in the nearest places of hanging out

93.4. In the daytime is out of the house without control

94.4. Has his own pocket money

95.4. Independently buys himself all the clothes

96.7. Leaves (leaves) one to distant places

97.4. Keeps track of your health

98.5. Has a job or permanent place of study

99.4. Leaves at night without restrictions

100.4. Controls own cash expenditures

101.4. Assumes personal responsibility

102.4. Uses money prudently

103.8. Takes responsibility above own needs

104.8. Makes a contribution to social welfare

105.4. Provides a future

106.5. Performs qualified work

107.5. Respects prudential limitations

108.5. Organizes his own work

109.8. Inspires confidence

110.8. Promotes social progress

111.5. Improved professionally

112.4. Acquires values for others

113.5. Directs (manages) the affairs of others

114.5. Performs expert professional work

115.8. Shared responsibility

116.7. Creates favorable conditions for himself

117.8. Promotes public welfare

Total SA values (years)

SA	Points	SA	Points
0.25	4.0	10.00	77
0.50	8.5	10.50	79
0.75	12.5	11.00	81
1.00	17.0	11.50	82.5
1.25	21.0	12.00	84
1.50	25.5	12.50	85
1.75	29.5	13.20	86
2.00	34.0	14.10	87.5
2.25	36.5	14.50	88
2.50	38.5	15.00	89
2.75	41.0	15.50	90
3.00	44.0	16.00	91
3.50	47.0	16.50	92
4.00	50.0	17.00	93
4.50	53.0	17.50	94
5.00	56.0	18.00	95
5.50	58.5	18.50	96.5
6.00	61.0	19.00	98
6.50	63.0	19.50	99.5
7.00	65.0	20.00	101
7.50	67.5	22.00	103
8.00	70	24.00	105
8.50	72	26.00	107
9.00	74	28.00	109
9.50	75.5	30.00	110

The scale defines the social age of the subject and the degree of correspondence of this age to the age of chronological, which gives the social development coefficient as a percentage, similar to 10.

[1], [2]