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Infection of the urinary bladder in dogs (cystitis)
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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Cystitis is a bacterial infection that develops in the lining of the bladder. In dogs, both male and female, the development of cystitis is often preceded by infection of the urethra. Other predisposing factors are age, diabetes mellitus, and long-term corticosteroid preparations. In non-castrated dogs, the disease can develop against a background of prostatitis. In dogs that for a long time do not empty their bladder, the risk of developing a bladder infection is much higher.
As a result of cystitis, urinary stones may appear. In this case, bacteria form a focus (the central point), around which a stone is formed.
The main sign of cystitis is frequent painful urination. Urine can become turbid and have a pathological odor. Female with cystitis can lick the vulva and have vaginal discharge. The diagnosis is confirmed by a urine test in which bacteria, white blood cells and often red blood cells are detected.
Treatment: treatment of cystitis must begin immediately, in order to prevent the development of the infectious process in the kidneys. Your veterinarian will prescribe tableted antibiotics that will be effective against the detected bacteria. Antibiotics are prescribed for two or three weeks, after which repeated urine testing is performed to ensure complete elimination of the infection.
To prevent bacteria from sticking to the wall of the bladder, urine acidifiers can be used. For the same purpose, substances called ellagitannins are used and are contained in blackberries and raspberries. Cranberries have the same effect, all these berries can help reduce urine pH. Repeated attack involves a secondary problem, such as stones in the bladder, and needs to be evaluated by a veterinarian. In this case, an X-ray or ultrasound examination may be performed. A repeated attack is treated with antibiotics selected on the basis of culture tests and determining the sensitivity of bacteria to antibacterial agents. Repeated urine analysis with its culture is carried out 1-2 months after cessation of treatment. Chronic form of cystitis may require the use of uroseptics or prolonged use before bedtime of antibiotics.
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have shown their effectiveness in preventing re-infection in some cats. These additives are safe for use in dogs, but there is no evidence of their positive effect on problems with urinary tract in dogs.
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