Exercises for children 2 years

Exercises for children of 2 years, like any correct physical activity for children of all age categories, are aimed at their harmonious development and health promotion.

As the growth increases the motor activity of the child increases, although the baby-two-year-old still poorly coordinates the movements, loses balance, often falls. But the skills of the constant are being improved, and this exercise for children of 2 years, adequate to their physical abilities, helps.

[1], [2]

We take into account the features

When offering a child to perform exercises for children of 2 years, one should take into account the anatomical and physiological features and the level of development of the musculoskeletal system characteristic for this age:

• because of the peculiar proportions of the body in children of this age (legs shorter than the trunk), the center of gravity is shifted upwards;
• the bone tissue in two-year-olds has a predominantly lamellar structure, the mineral substances in it are much smaller than in adults, the bones are soft and elastic;
• The skeleton grows faster than the muscles;
• the mass of skeletal muscles in the total body mass (in comparison with the period of newborns) decreases by about 4-6%;
• the development of the muscles of the arms and legs lags far behind the development of the muscles of the trunk;
• the development of the muscles of the arms (the shoulder and forearm) goes faster than the development of the muscles of the legs;
• Of all the muscles of the trunk the superficial muscles of the back grow most rapidly, as well as the gluteus maximus muscle;
• deep muscles of the back are weakly developed;
• walking and running are not differentiated;
• simultaneous jumping with both feet children of this age category can not perform due to an imperfect reflex mechanism of coordination of the flexor and extensor muscles (reciprocal innervation of muscles).

Benefits of exercise for children 2 years old

The use of exercises for children of 2 years is that they contribute to the normal formation of the musculoskeletal system, make the bones stronger, and the muscles stronger.

The weakness of the muscular corset and ligament apparatus, to which the lack of movement leads, is fraught with the gradual and irreversible development of incorrect posture. A wrong posture causes lateral curvature of the spine (scoliosis), in which the normal operation of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is disrupted.

No matter how simple exercises for children of two years seemed, as well as the principles of general physical development of toddlers and preschool children, pediatricians unanimously affirm that they contribute to health promotion, increase functional reserves of the heart and lungs, improve cerebral circulation and general metabolism.

Accustoming kids to regular exercise for children for 2 years, parents lay a solid foundation for their health in the future.

[3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8],

Complex of exercises for children 2 years old

In order for a child to readily carry out a set of exercises for children of two years, parents should conduct classes in the form of a game and participate actively in it. The key activity of a two-three-year-old child is objective (actions with toys and various objects), so you need to use toys during the charging-playing process.

Children of this age quickly get tired, so 3-4 exercises are sufficient, which are performed no more than five times, and the whole lesson should not take more than 15 minutes. Remember that children under three years of age can not jump even from a small height, because the arch of the foot is still weak and does not need to be overloaded.

So, the complex of exercises for children of 2 years can consist of the following elements.

1. "We walk along the path" (develops gait and balance). On the floor is placed a strip of thick paper or cloth, or two ropes (in parallel, at a distance of 25 cm from each other). The child should pass several times along this "path", keeping the balance and not going beyond it. At the same time, you can organize a game by placing a toy on the other end of the path, to which the child must reach and bring to the adult.
2. We step over the obstacle (develops the correct gait and muscles of the legs). On the floor is put a stick or a small toy, through which the child must cross several times. And you can play it like this: when the words "our feet are walking along an even path" the child goes on normally, and when the words "and now go along the stones" the child should step over, lifting his knees high.
3. We collect cubes (develops the musculature of the legs). On the floor scatter 6-8 cubes and put a container (basket, plastic basin or bucket). The child is given the task to collect all the cubes - bending over each or crouching.
4. We go on all fours (like a cat, a dog or any other animal). This exercise well develops all the muscles and coordination of the child's movements.
5. We fly like a bird (develops the muscles of the shoulder girdle). The child is standing with his hands down and at the signal "the bird flew" raises his hands to the sides and makes a swing motion with his hands, moving around the room.
6. The flower grows (it develops the muscles of the shoulder girdle, legs and back). The child should squat and after the words of the adult "the rain goes, the flower grows" gets up from the squat, straightens his back, raises his hands up and rises on tiptoe.
7. The wind blows, the tree rocks (develops the muscles of the arms and trunk). The child is standing with his hands down and at the signal "the wind is blowing, the tree is rocking" raises his hands up and performs the torso of the trunk to the right and left.
8. We swim like a fish (develops a press, muscles of the back and neck). The child should lie on his stomach with his hands bent under the breast. At the command of an adult, the child must bend his back and, straightening his arms forward, raise his head and chest.
9. Katis-roll the ball (develops the muscles of the trunk). The child must walk and roll the big ball across the floor, leaning forward and pushing it with his hands.
10. Football (develops all the muscles, balance and coordination of movements). Since the child is not running yet, it is necessary to roll the ball on the floor with the jolts of the feet - while walking.

Parents do not have fantasies! Given the characteristics of their children, you can come up with a lot of interesting games based on physical exercises. Including in the complex of exercises for children 2 years of new movements, it must be remembered that the musculoskeletal system of the child is in the process of active growth and development. Physical exercises for children of 2 years should give them the joy of movement and the pleasure of communicating with their parents.

[9], [10], [11], [12], [13]