Cyst in pregnancy - types and methods of therapy

The cyst during pregnancy is a cavity that can form inside any internal organ, both before pregnancy and during. The cyst is often filled with fluid, the content depends on the mechanism of its formation and on the tissue or organ where the given cyst was formed.

The causes of cysts are many, they can arise in the presence of parasites in the body, after trauma, as a result of hormonal disturbances, metabolism, etc. Depending on the general condition of the pregnant woman, the location of the cyst, the size, the rate of its growth, whether the cyst violates the function of the organ, complicated it or not, a therapeutic tactic is chosen - conservative therapy (cyst observation, taking certain medications, applying compresses, puncturing) or surgical removal.

[1], [2], [3], [4]

Is pregnancy possible with a cyst?

Whether pregnancy is possible or probable at a cyst excites many women. Pregnancy in the presence of a cyst is usually possible. Because, often, cysts are functional in nature, periodically arising and disappearing on their own. Pregnancy can be prevented by multiple ovarian cysts (polycystosis) and endometriosis. But the elimination of such cysts maximizes the ability to conceive a child, for this it is necessary to consult a gynecologist who will prescribe the appropriate therapy - surgical removal of the cyst and conservative therapy aimed at eliminating the causes that caused cyst formation.

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning is a very important issue and should be solved by a woman in conjunction with an obstetrician-gynecologist. There are such cysts that must be unambiguously first removed and then planned for pregnancy, including endometriotic, multiple, parovarial, cervical cysts, and dermoid cysts. Ideally, you must first cure the cyst, and then plan the child so that during pregnancy do not experience how the cyst behaves - it will disappear or start to increase and become complicated by inflammation, torsion, bleeding, which will negatively affect the course of pregnancy, on the woman herself and on the baby. As a rule, the presence of functional cysts (follicular and luteal) is not a contraindication for pregnancy planning.

How does the cyst affect pregnancy?

How the cyst affects pregnancy, worries many women who have a cyst. 

• The cyst can not affect in any way the course of pregnancy and fetal development, in addition, some cysts, such as functional ones, are capable of resolving themselves during pregnancy. 
• The cyst during pregnancy can begin to increase in size, which increases the risk of its complications - torsion of the cysts, inflammation and suppuration of the cyst, its rupture and bleeding, which will significantly complicate the course of pregnancy and adversely affect the pregnant and fetus.

Pregnancy after cyst removal

Pregnancy after cyst removal is better to plan after passing a certain course of therapy, normalizing the hormonal background. This takes somewhere from two months to six months, about the same time it takes to restore the function of the ovaries. When pregnancy occurs after the removal of the cyst, the woman must be registered on time and be observed regularly with the doctor.

Symptoms of cyst during pregnancy

Symptoms of a cyst during pregnancy may be absent or be nonspecific - there may be a feeling of heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen, in the lower back. Expressed symptoms of cysts appear with its complication (suppuration, torsion, rupture). In such cases, there is an increase in temperature, acute pain in the lower abdomen, a drop in pressure, consciousness is disturbed, cold sweat and pallor of the skin are noted. That requires immediate surgical intervention.

Cyst in early pregnancy

The cyst in the early stages of pregnancy can be detected by ultrasound. As a rule, in the early stages of pregnancy, the cyst does not adversely affect the body of a woman and a child. Moreover, it is believed that the presence of cysts in the early stages is a variant of the norm due to the restructuring of the female body. Quite often, cysts found in early pregnancy can resolve. Having discovered the cyst in the early stages, it is necessary to watch it carefully, in time to prevent its possible complication.

[5], [6], [7], [8]

Cyst of the right or left ovary during pregnancy

The cyst of the right or left ovary during pregnancy is usually asymptomatic. And for a pregnant woman it does not really matter where the cyst is located - right or left. Differences in clinical manifestation can occur if the cyst is complicated. When complicating the cyst of the right ovary, acute pain worries more to the right, and also the proximity of the cecal position, pain can mimic appendicitis. When complicating the cyst of the left ovary, acute pain may be noted more on the left.

[9], [10], [11], [12]

Yellow body cyst (luteal) in pregnancy

The yellow body cyst (luteal) usually does not affect it in pregnancy. The cyst of the yellow body of the ovary is functional, formed due to the accumulation of fluid in place of the yellow body, due to rupture of the follicle. In rare cases, the cyst may be filled with blood. It arises against the background of hormonal disorders and almost always disappears on its own.

Clinically, the yellow body cyst does not appear, but sometimes nonspecific symptoms such as heaviness and tenderness in the lower abdomen, in the lower back can be noted. In extremely rare cases, the cyst of the yellow body is complicated by torsion or rupture, which is accompanied by acute pain, decreased pressure, pale skin and requires surgical intervention.

If a yellow body cyst is detected during pregnancy, it is not necessary to panic because in this case the cyst performs the function of the yellow body, namely, it produces the hormone progesterone, which is necessary for the preservation and correct course of pregnancy. The cyst differs from the yellow body only in its structure. As a rule, the cyst of the yellow body exists up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, and then gradually disappears. This is due to the fact that the function of the cyst of the yellow body is now beginning to perform the formed placenta. But, in any case, careful monitoring of the cysts is necessary throughout the pregnancy using ultrasound.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy - a controversial issue. In the overwhelming majority of cases it is believed that this cyst can cause childlessness, although pregnant women are found, in whom this type of ovarian cyst is determined. What is the endometrioid cyst? Endometrioid ovarian cyst is one of the signs of such a disease as endometriosis, when the cells of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium) are in places not their own, in this case in the ovary. Endometrioid cyst, especially small, may not appear clinically at all and is detected by chance during an ultrasound examination. With large sizes of such a cyst, the following symptoms can be noted: 

• disorders of the menstrual cycle, 
• Possible isolation of the smearing character before and after critical days, 
• severe pain during critical days, 
• soreness in sexual intercourse or defecation, 
• impossibility to conceive a child.

After elimination of the endometrioid cyst, the chances for pregnancy are very high. In addition, the earlier the treatment of such a cyst, the less it is traumatic, gives the best result and a favorable prognosis.

[13], [14], [15], [16], [17]

Why can the endometrioid cyst lead to infertility? 

• endometriosis is always accompanied by a violation of the hormonal background of a woman, which can lead to infertility. 
• the altered cyst structure of the ovary leads to a disruption in its functioning. Because endometriosis is characterized by the formation of adhesions, which is accompanied by proliferation of connective tissue and as a consequence, the ovum is unable to leave the ovary and its fertilization becomes impossible.

But there are cases when such a cyst is determined in a pregnant woman and this pregnancy ends with the birth of a healthy child. Therefore, to say unambiguously that the endometrioid cyst leads to infertility is not always true, although it all depends on the degree of expression of endometriosis.

When primary detection on ultrasound of a given type of cysts in a pregnant woman should not particularly worry her, tk. In such cases the cyst is small in size, does not bring discomfort and does not complicate the course of pregnancy. But it's worth taking a closer look at the condition of the pregnant woman, both on the part of doctors and on her part. Often, after the birth of a child, a woman is invited to remove this cyst.

Follicular ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Follicular ovarian cyst and pregnancy - their relationship? The follicular cyst is functional, arises when, for some reason, ovulation does not occur and a bubble with liquid contents forms on the place of maturation of the egg cell. And since there was no ovulation, then the conception of the child will not occur. However, this does not mean that pregnancy is completely impossible, ovulation can occur in another ovary, which will lead to pregnancy. In cases when pregnancy occurred in the presence of a follicular cyst, it can proceed without complications, especially if the cyst is small (up to 6 cm), in addition, the cyst can disappear by the 15-20th week. But sometimes the presence of the follicular cyst is dangerous for the pregnant woman, since the cyst, especially if it is large (more than eight centimeters) and continues to grow, can become complicated: 

• Torsion of the ovary or cyst legs, which occurs when the position of the body changes. There is a sharp pain in the groin from the side of the cyst, a decrease in blood pressure, the appearance of cold sweat and a sense of fear. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary. 
• The rupture of the cyst (in 10-15% of cases), which manifests a sharp piercing pain. Emergency surgical therapy is shown. 
• Internal bleeding, which occurs in the case of rupture of the cyst in the location of the blood vessel. The clinical picture depends on the severity of bleeding, possible pallor of the skin, a decrease in pressure, lethargy, inhibition up to a shock state. Treatment - often emergency surgery.

Given the possible complications of the follicular cyst, careful monitoring of the pregnant woman under the supervision of ultrasound is necessary. If the cyst increases, the issue of surgical removal will be considered - laparoscopically or by incision of the abdominal wall to avoid complications.

[18], [19], [20]

Paravirus cyst and pregnancy

Paraovarial cyst and pregnancy usually do not interfere with each other. Since such a cyst with timely detection and therapy, retains the ability to conceive a child. Paravariar cyst is formed not in the ovary, but in the tissues that are located near it. This cyst is of a benign nature, in case of its large size, a torsion, a rupture, a suppuration is possible, as in other cysts, which causes complications.

Paraovarial cyst of a small size is not clinically apparent and is determined by chance during an ultrasound examination, it is better to first remove such a cyst and then plan a pregnancy. Often a parovarial cyst is first identified during pregnancy, which requires very careful observation of it, because during pregnancy, the parovarial cyst can grow and reach a giant size (10 - 30 cm) due to hormonal changes in the body.

Therapy of such a cyst is only surgical, since the paraovarian cyst does not resolve itself either independently or under the influence of medications. More often, laparoscopic removal of the cyst, less frequent laparotomy (incision of the anterior abdominal wall). When this cyst is first detected during pregnancy, it is recommended that it be removed laparoscopically without waiting for the cyst to reach a large size.

Cervical cyst (endocervix) and pregnancy

Cyst of the cervix (endocervix) and pregnancy often do not represent each other a hindrance. The cervical cyst (retention cyst) is a mucus-filled and enlarged gland of the cervix, arising from inflammation processes in the cervical and cervical canal areas, as a result of injuries and infections: 

• abortions, 
• childbirth, 
• presence of intrauterine devices, 
• instrumental survey methods.

The cervix cyst does not degenerate into a malignant form, does not contribute to hormonal changes, does not affect the course of pregnancy and fetal development. But in this cyst, viruses and bacteria can develop, which is accompanied by the development of inflammation in the cervix, vagina, uterine cavity, in its tubes and ovaries, which may be a causative factor in ectopic pregnancy or infertility. Also, large cysts in the cervix can cause narrowing of the cervical canal, and this serves as an additional causative factor contributing to infertility. The endocervix cyst can not be cured either spontaneously or with the help of medicines, it must be removed - surgically or by radio wave method, laser or cryotherapy.

The cervix cyst found during pregnancy does not interfere with its course and the process of delivery. Therapy of this cyst is carried out after childbirth, when the bleeding will end. The cyst is opened and drained. Sometimes, if the cyst is located in the place of incision (or rupture) of the cervix during the labor activity, it is possible to violate its integrity and spontaneous dissection.

[21], [22], [23]

Cyst of the placenta in pregnancy

Cyst of the placenta during pregnancy is the result of inflammation: 

• early pregnancy - the formation of the placenta cyst is an adaptive response that protects against the effects of inflammation and is considered as a variant of the norm (up to 20 weeks). 
• The formation of the placenta cyst during late pregnancy testifies to the recent inflammation in the placenta.

In the cyst of the placenta there is no blood supply, and it is delimited from the entire placenta. In the case of single, small cysts of the placenta, this does not affect the fetal status in any way. And if the whales are plural, large, then placental insufficiency can be noted, the fetus may not receive enough oxygen, which will affect its development. In such cases, prevent fetoplacental insufficiency by prescribing appropriate medications. The tactics of managing pregnancy in the presence of cysts of the placenta is chosen by the obstetrician-gynecologist.

[24], [25], [26], [27]

Functional cyst and pregnancy

Functional cyst and pregnancy can successfully exist simultaneously. This cyst is the most common form of cystic education and one of the safest. It is usually small in size and is capable of spontaneous resorption. Clinical symptoms are not manifested. Functional ovarian cyst is divided into: 

• Follicular - is formed in the place of maturation of the egg, in the case when there was no ovulation. 
• Luteinovuyu - formed in place of the yellow body after rupture of the follicle (cyst of the yellow body).

Against the background of a functional cyst, pregnancy may occur. The presence of such a cyst during pregnancy, usually does not violate its course and does not affect the development of the fetus. But sometimes, increasing in size, the cyst can give a complication - the torsion of the cyst or ovary's legs, cyst rupture and hemorrhage, which is accompanied by a pronounced clinical picture - acute pain, decreased pressure, pale skin, cold perspiration, etc. A complicated cyst requires urgent surgical intervention. Therefore, the presence of a functional cyst in a pregnant woman requires strict control by ultrasound throughout pregnancy. In case of suspicion of a gradual increase in the cyst, the question of its removal in a pregnant woman can be considered, without waiting for complications. But in a number of cases, the functional cyst dissolves itself during pregnancy.

Dermoid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Dermoid ovarian cyst and pregnancy require close observation. The dermoid cyst is a benign ovarian tumor, occurs due to a violation of embryonic development. The dermoid cyst is represented by the tissues of the human body - skin, hair, nails, teeth, etc. In 90% of cases, this cyst is one-sided. A characteristic feature of the dermoid cyst is its constant, slow growth. Therefore, the earlier it is removed, the better.

When a dermoid cyst is first detected during pregnancy, strict follow-up is necessary. The development of the child does not have such a cyst, but the course of pregnancy can complicate. Because the growth of the uterus is accompanied by some displacement of the organs, including the dermoid cyst, which can lead to its overturning, infringement and to its ischemic, necrotic changes or to a violation of its integrity. Therefore, the detected dermoid cyst during pregnancy is subject to removal. Remove the cyst after 16 weeks of pregnancy, if there is no indication for an earlier removal. Sometimes, at the discretion of the doctor, depending on the size of the dermoid cyst, observational tactics are possible after it and it is removed after childbirth.

[28], [29], [30], [31]

Kidney of the kidney during pregnancy

The kidney cyst during pregnancy requires careful attention from the physician. 

• If the cyst is single (solitary), small and not complicated by renal hypertension, then pregnancy is possible, proceeds without complications and ends safely. 
• The presence of polycystosis - a large number of cysts in both kidneys, is unfavorable for the course of pregnancy. Polycystic kidney disease is a hereditary disease, it is rare and preservation of pregnancy in this pathology is solved individually, depending on the severity of functional disorders of the kidneys. Often, women with polycystic kidney disease are not recommended pregnancy, tk. They are characterized by early development of renal failure, which is aggravated by pregnancy and also exacerbated chronic pyelonephritis. In patients with polycystosis in late pregnancy often develops hypertension and eclampsia, and also the transmission of this defect is inherited by his child. 
• With numerous cysts in the kidney pyramids (spongy kidney), renal failure, as a rule, does not develop. Danae pathology is bilateral and characterized by pain in the lumbar region, the presence of hematuria and pyuria. Pregnancy in this pathology is possible, its course, usually, favorable. Perhaps exacerbation of pyelonephritis during pregnancy.

Bartholin gland cyst during pregnancy

Bartholin gland cyst during pregnancy is a limited accumulation of secretion in the gland located on the eve of the vagina, due to blockage of its duct. There is a cyst due to: 

• sexually transmitted infections - chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, 
• nonspecific infections - streptococcus, E. Coli, 
• decrease immunity, 
• violations of personal hygiene, 
• trauma during epilation, 
• wearing tight lingerie, 
• presence of chronic foci of infection in the body.

If the cyst is not complicated, then it is almost painless and is a swelling in the area of the large labia (its lower part). A small Bartholin's cyst is asymptomatic and is detected accidentally when examined by a gynecologist.

There is a high probability of complicating the cysts - it increases in size, it becomes inflamed and an abscess is formed. What is clinically manifested by deterioration of the condition, fever, pain in the perineal region. Therefore, the cyst of the Bartholin gland found during pregnancy is to be removed - it is punctured and aspirates the contents (this refers to an uncomplicated cyst).

If there is a complicated cyst - it is opened and drained. In such a case, antibiotic therapy may be prescribed, depending on the infection that caused it (specific or nonspecific), because infections, especially specific ones - Trichomonas, gonococcus, etc., can cause developmental disorders of the fetus. If the infection is absent, which is confirmed by laboratory data, then dysbacteriosis is possible and it is necessary to normalize the microflora of the vagina.

[32], [33], [34]

Cyst tooth during pregnancy

Cyst of the tooth during pregnancy is a serious enough disease, which can worsen. The tooth cyst in the early stages can be detected only by roentgenologic, there is no clinical symptomatology. Symptoms arise only when the cyst is complicated - inflamed and inflamed, and this is an additional source of infection, which can negatively affect the course of pregnancy. In this regard, dentists recommend that before the pregnancy planning to conduct a roentgenologic examination of the oral cavity in order to timely eliminate the existing problems in the oral cavity and thus to remove foci of infection.

The detected cyst of the tooth must be removed, but, unfortunately, pregnancy is not a very good time for such activities. Therefore, if there is a possibility to postpone surgical intervention, then it is better to wait. But in case of inflammation and suppuration of the tooth cyst, it is necessary to remove it immediately in order to eliminate the purulent focus of the infection, to prevent its further spread, so as not to aggravate the course of pregnancy. Depending on the severity of the pathological process, the cyst will be removed separately or will resect the tip of the tooth, or the tooth will be removed along with the cyst.

[35], [36], [37], [38]

Pregnancy and cyst of the breast

Pregnancy and the cyst of the breast are absolutely compatible. The cyst of the breast during pregnancy can disappear, remain unchanged or increase. The appearance or increase of the breast cyst during pregnancy is associated with a change in the hormonal state of a woman - an increase in estrogen and the hormone prolactin. But, as a rule, pregnancy and breastfeeding have no effect on the mammary gland cyst.

The presence of small cysts in the mammary gland during pregnancy therapy does not require. If a large cyst is noted, the question of its puncture can be considered, followed by the introduction of air into the cavity of the cyst with the purpose of sticking together its walls.

Women with breast cysts are recommended to adhere to a balanced diet for the normalization of metabolism (the so-called anti-estrogen diet) - low-fat varieties of meat, sour-milk products, fish, consumption of vegetables and fruits, cereals. It is necessary to minimize the intake of fatty foods, chocolate and coffee, which leads to an increase in cholesterol with subsequent additional formation of estrogens. Pregnant women with mammary gland cysts should be observed regularly with the obstetrician-gynecologist.

Cyst of the thyroid gland and pregnancy

Cyst of the thyroid gland and pregnancy, as a rule, do not complicate each other. The cyst of the thyroid gland often appears during pregnancy, due to: 

• lack of iodine in the body, 
• changes in the hormonal background, 
• decrease immunity, 
• possible inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland, 
• nerve strain.

With an insignificant cyst of the thyroid gland, there are no clinical manifestations. With an increase in the cyst, due to compression of nearby organs, there may be a tickling in the throat, coughing, difficulty swallowing, discomfort in the neck. If the cyst is complicated by inflammation and suppuration, the temperature rises, the general condition worsens, which requires surgical intervention, but this happens extremely rarely. Basically, the cyst of the thyroid gland during pregnancy therapy does not require or complicate its course. But you need to carefully monitor her entire pregnancy (palpation, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, a blood test for thyroid hormones). In the case of a large uncomplicated cyst, its removal is postponed to the postpartum period.

[39], [40], [41]

Coccygeal cyst during pregnancy

The coccyx cyst during pregnancy is very rare, because in women it is three times less common than in men. The tailbone cyst (epithelial coccygeal passage) is a congenital malformation of the skin and is eliminated exclusively by surgery.

The cyst can exist for a long time and not manifest itself. In case of complication, cysts - attachment of a bacterial infection, suppuration, fistula formation, pain in the sacrococcygeal region occurs, the temperature rises, and general health is disturbed. When complicating the cyst, surgical intervention with subsequent antibiotic therapy is required. Therefore, if a coccyx cyst is found before pregnancy, it is better to remove it in a planned order, without waiting for complications. If, however, the coccyx cyst is found during pregnancy, then the issue of its therapy is decided by the obstetrician-gynecologist in conjunction with the surgeon.

[42], [43], [44], [45], [46]

Vaginal cyst during pregnancy

The cyst of the vagina during pregnancy occurs most often due to disorders of fluid secretion. As a rule, the cyst of the vagina has an asymptomatic course, but it is necessary to observe it during the entire pregnancy. Usually such a cyst during pregnancy is not removed. Sometimes a pregnant woman with a large vaginal cyst is punctured and sucked her contents, but this is not for long, because Cyst subsequently re-filled with a secret and increased. Radical removal is carried out after childbirth. In the case when the cyst of the vagina can interfere with the process of birth through the natural birth canal, the pregnant woman undergoes a caesarean section.

Cyst of the brain during pregnancy

Cyst of the brain during pregnancy is not a common occurrence. If the cyst was before pregnancy for a long time, then pregnancy can not affect it, but it is possible that the cyst will increase in size. Quite often, in the presence of a cyst of the brain, as with any other pathology of the brain, a caesarean section is performed. Because it is the optimal method of delivery in conditions of brain pathology, both for women and for the child. It is dangerous to go to birth through the natural birth canal, because a woman can lose consciousness, and during the effort tense and cyst, which can lead to its rupture.

[47], [48], [49]

Retinal cyst of ovary and pregnancy

Retinal cyst of the ovary and pregnancy are quite common and, as a rule, do not interfere with each other. Retinal cysts are caused by occlusion of ducts of the ovarian glands, and the result is a cluster of secretions. The cause of such cysts is most often an inflammatory process in the ovaries. Retinal cysts can be - follicular, luteal and parovarial, also can occur with endometriosis. The insidiousness of such cysts lies in the fact that they can not manifest themselves in any way, and then become complicated and harm the body, so they require dynamic observation, especially during pregnancy. Although the majority of retention cysts are of a functional nature, they are capable of resolving themselves and do not adversely affect the course of pregnancy.

Paraurethral cyst during pregnancy

The paraurethral cyst (Skin gland cyst) is formed near the mouth of the urethra, due to inflammation or trauma. Uncomplicated cyst does not cause any clinical symptoms and is detected accidentally during a gynecological examination. Paraurethral cyst during pregnancy, usually, does not affect its course and the process of childbirth. Only in case of its large size, it is possible to change the tactics of conducting labor in the direction of Caesarean section, which is extremely rare. If the para-urethral cyst is not complicated by inflammation, does not cause pain, then during pregnancy it is not affected. Because after surgery, the formation of strictures, scar tissue, which can not withstand the stress during labor, may lead to ruptures of the labia minora and capture the paraurethral area and the urethra itself.

Cyst rupture during pregnancy

Cyst rupture during pregnancy is a very serious complication and occurs very rarely, in case of untimely detection of a cyst and treatment of a pregnant woman for medical care (later becoming registered, lack of appropriate examinations).

On the cyst rupture indicates a sharp deterioration in the general condition - fever, acute pain in the lower abdomen, possible bleeding from the genitals, nausea, vomiting, impaired consciousness, pale skin, falling blood pressure. When the cyst ruptures, its contents can enter the abdominal cavity, which is accompanied by a high percentage of peritonitis. And this is a real threat to health and life, both for the pregnant woman and for the fetus. This complication requires urgent surgical intervention. Therefore, in order to avoid such a formidable complication, it is necessary to register on time, undergo all necessary examinations and be under strict supervision of the obstetrician-gynecologist during the entire pregnancy, especially if any cyst is found, even the innocuous one.

[50], [51], [52]

Is the cyst dangerous during pregnancy?

Whether a cyst is dangerous during pregnancy is a difficult question. No one knows how the cyst will change during pregnancy. The cyst may remain unchanged or even resolve, which happens in most cases and the pregnancy will end safely. And if the cyst begins to increase in size, then it becomes dangerous for the pregnant and fetus, because. It can be complicated and it will have to be surgically removed during pregnancy to save the health and life of the pregnant and the baby.

What to do with a cyst during pregnancy?

What to do or make at a cyst during pregnancy each pregnant woman which has found out a cyst asks itself a question. The main thing is not to panic, but to pay attention to your position and health, regularly undergo an examination with an obstetrician-gynecologist and examination (ultrasound, necessary laboratory tests). At the slightest changes in the body, tell the doctor to diagnose the problem in time and start therapy, and to prevent possible complications of the cyst (torsion, rupture, bleeding). And thus to protect yourself and the health of your unborn child.

What if the doctor mixed up the pregnancy with a cyst?

To confuse pregnancy with a cyst it is impossible, especially at carrying out of ultrasonic research. Such a mistake can be made only by a very inexperienced and incompetent specialist.

Treatment of cysts in pregnancy

Treatment of cysts during pregnancy, as a rule, is not carried out, especially if it is functional and not large sized cysts, which can themselves disappear. In general, during pregnancy, observational tactics are selected with regular ultrasound. But with growing cysts, when there is a risk of its complications (torsion, rupture, bleeding), can perform puncture cysts with aspiration of the contents or removal with laparoscopy, less often laparotomy, followed by antibiotic therapy. Surgical removal of cysts is carried out in the second trimester of pregnancy (after 16-18 weeks), removal at earlier times increases the risk of miscarriage.

Laparoscopy of ovarian cysts during pregnancy

Laparoscopy of the ovarian cyst during pregnancy, if necessary, is the most optimal and safe method of removing cysts, both for the pregnant and for the fetus. Laparoscopy is a low-traumatic surgical procedure that provides excellent visibility and a significant increase in internal organs with small holes in the anterior abdominal wall. Using a trocar, three holes are made on the front abdominal wall, a camera is inserted into one hole through which the image will be displayed on the monitor; in the other two holes, special surgical instruments are inserted, with which the cyst is removed.

Cyst removal during pregnancy

Removal of the cyst during pregnancy is carried out, most often, in emergency cases, when the cyst is complicated by torsion, inflammation, bleeding and it is necessary to save the life of the pregnant and fetus. Cyst removal in pregnant women can be performed with laparoscopy (most often) and laparotomy - through the incision of the anterior abdominal wall. Anesthesia can be local, regional and general. The choice of anesthesia depends on each individual case and on the amount of surgical intervention.

[53], [54], [55]