Cysts in pregnancy - types and methods of therapy

A cyst during pregnancy is a cavity that can form inside any internal organ, both before and during pregnancy. A cyst is most often filled with fluid, the contents of which depend on the mechanism of its formation and the tissue or organ where the cyst formed.

There are many reasons for the occurrence of cysts, they can occur in the presence of parasites in the body, after injuries, due to hormonal imbalances, metabolic disorders, etc. Depending on the general condition of the pregnant woman, the location of the cyst, its size, the rate of its growth, whether the cyst disrupts the function of the organ, whether it is complicated or not, a treatment tactic is chosen - conservative therapy (monitoring the cyst, taking certain medications, using compresses, performing a puncture) or its surgical removal.

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Is pregnancy possible with a cyst?

Many women are concerned about whether pregnancy is possible with a cyst. Pregnancy with a cyst is usually possible. Since cysts are often functional, periodically arising and disappearing on their own. Pregnancy can be hindered by multiple ovarian cysts (polycystic) and endometrioid cysts. But the removal of such cysts maximizes the ability to conceive a child, for this you need to see a gynecologist who will prescribe the appropriate therapy - surgical removal of the cyst and conservative therapy aimed at eliminating the causes that caused the formation of the cyst.

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning

An ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning is a very important issue and should be resolved by a woman together with an obstetrician-gynecologist. There are cysts that must first be removed, and then pregnancy planning should be done, these include endometrioid, multiple, paraovarian, cervical cysts, dermoid cysts. Ideally, it is necessary to first treat the cyst, and then plan a child, so that during pregnancy you do not worry about how the cyst will behave - will it disappear or will it begin to increase and become complicated by inflammation, torsion, bleeding, which will negatively affect the course of pregnancy, the woman herself and the child. As a rule, the presence of functional cysts (follicular and luteal) is not a contraindication for pregnancy planning.

How does a cyst affect pregnancy?

How a cyst affects pregnancy worries many women who have been diagnosed with a cyst.

• A cyst may not affect the course of pregnancy or the development of the fetus in any way; in addition, some cysts, such as functional ones, can resolve on their own during pregnancy.
• During pregnancy, a cyst may begin to increase in size, which increases the risk of complications - torsion of the cyst stalk, inflammation and suppuration of the cyst, its rupture and bleeding, which will significantly complicate the course of pregnancy and negatively affect the pregnant woman and the condition of the fetus.

Pregnancy after cyst removal

Pregnancy after cyst removal is best planned after undergoing a certain course of therapy to normalize hormonal levels. This takes from two months to six months, and approximately the same amount of time is needed to restore ovarian function. When pregnancy occurs after cyst removal, a woman should promptly register and be regularly monitored by a doctor.

Symptoms of a cyst during pregnancy

Symptoms of a cyst during pregnancy may be absent or non-specific - a feeling of heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen, in the lumbar region is possible. Expressed symptoms of a cyst appear when it is complicated (suppuration, torsion, rupture). In such cases, there is an increase in temperature, acute pain in the lower abdomen, a drop in pressure, impaired consciousness, cold sweat and pale skin. Which requires immediate surgical intervention.

Cyst in early pregnancy

A cyst in early pregnancy can be detected by ultrasound. As a rule, in early pregnancy, a cyst does not have a negative effect on the body of a woman and a child. Moreover, it is believed that the presence of cysts in early pregnancy is a normal variant due to the restructuring of the female body. Quite often, cysts detected in early pregnancy can resolve. Having detected a cyst in early pregnancy, it is necessary to carefully monitor it in order to prevent possible complications in time.

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Cyst of the right or left ovary during pregnancy

A cyst of the right or left ovary during pregnancy is usually asymptomatic. And for a pregnant woman, it does not really matter where the cyst is located - on the right or left. Differences in clinical manifestations may occur if the cyst is complicated. With a complication of a cyst of the right ovary, acute pain bothers more on the right, also, the proximity of the cecum, the pain can imitate appendicitis. With a complication of a cyst of the left ovary, acute pain may be noted more on the left.

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Corpus luteum cyst (luteal) during pregnancy

A corpus luteum cyst (luteal) during pregnancy usually does not affect it in any way. A corpus luteum cyst of the ovary is functional, it is formed due to the accumulation of fluid at the site of the corpus luteum, as a result of a ruptured follicle. In rare cases, the cyst can be filled with blood. It occurs against the background of hormonal disorders and almost always disappears on its own.

The corpus luteum cyst does not manifest itself clinically, but sometimes non-specific symptoms such as heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen and lower back may be noted. In extremely rare cases, the corpus luteum cyst is complicated by torsion or rupture, which is accompanied by acute pain, decreased pressure, pale skin and requires surgical intervention.

If a corpus luteum cyst is detected during pregnancy, there is no need to panic, since in this case the cyst performs the function of the corpus luteum, namely, it produces the hormone progesterone, which is necessary for the maintenance and proper course of pregnancy. The cyst differs from the corpus luteum only in its structure. As a rule, the corpus luteum cyst exists up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, and then gradually disappears. This is due to the fact that the function of the corpus luteum cyst is now performed by the formed placenta. But, in any case, careful monitoring of the cyst is necessary throughout the pregnancy using ultrasound.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy is a controversial issue. In the vast majority of cases, it is believed that this cyst can be the cause of infertility, although there are pregnant women who have this type of ovarian cyst. What is an endometrioid cyst? An endometrioid ovarian cyst is one of the signs of a disease called endometriosis, when the cells of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium) are located in places that are not typical for them, in this case, in the ovary. An endometrioid cyst, especially a small one, may not manifest itself clinically and is discovered by chance during an ultrasound examination. With large sizes of such a cyst, the following signs may be noted:

• menstrual cycle disorders,
• spotting is possible before and after critical days,
• severe pain during critical days,
• pain during intercourse or defecation,
• inability to conceive a child.

After the endometrioid cyst is removed, the chances of pregnancy are very high. In addition, the earlier the therapy of such a cyst is performed, the less traumatic it is, the better the result and the favorable prognosis.

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Why can endometrioid cyst lead to infertility?

• Endometriosis is always accompanied by a disruption in a woman’s hormonal background, which can lead to infertility.
• the altered ovarian structure by the cyst leads to a disruption of its functioning. Since endometriosis is characterized by the formation of adhesions, which is accompanied by the proliferation of connective tissue and, as a result, the egg is unable to leave the ovary and its fertilization becomes impossible.

But there are cases when such a cyst is detected in a pregnant woman and such a pregnancy ends with the birth of a healthy child. Therefore, it is not always correct to say unequivocally that an endometrioid cyst leads to infertility, although everything depends on the degree of endometriosis.

When a cyst of this type is first detected on ultrasound, a pregnant woman should not worry much, because in such cases the cyst is small, does not cause discomfort and does not complicate the course of pregnancy. But it is worth paying more attention to the condition of the pregnant woman, both from the side of doctors and from her side. Often, after the birth of the child, the woman is offered to remove this cyst.

Follicular ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Ovarian follicular cyst and pregnancy – what is their relationship? A follicular cyst is functional and occurs when, for some reason, ovulation does not occur and a sac with liquid contents forms at the site of egg maturation. And since ovulation did not occur, conception of a child will not occur. However, this does not mean that pregnancy is completely impossible, ovulation can occur in another ovary, which will lead to pregnancy. In cases where pregnancy occurs in the presence of a follicular cyst, it can proceed without complications, especially if the cyst is small (up to 6 cm), in addition, the cyst can disappear on its own by the 15-20th week. But sometimes the presence of a follicular cyst is dangerous for a pregnant woman, since the cyst, especially if it is large (more than eight centimeters) and continues to grow, can be complicated by:

• Torsion of the ovary or cyst stalk, which occurs when changing body position. Acute pain appears in the groin on the side of the cyst, decreased blood pressure, cold sweat and a feeling of fear. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary.
• Rupture of the cyst (in 10-15% of cases), which manifests itself as sharp piercing pain. Emergency surgical therapy is indicated.
• Internal bleeding, which occurs when a cyst ruptures at the location of a blood vessel. The clinical picture depends on the severity of the bleeding; paleness of the skin, decreased blood pressure, lethargy, and inhibition up to a state of shock are possible. Treatment is usually emergency surgery.

Given the possible complications of a follicular cyst, close monitoring of the pregnant woman under ultrasound control is necessary. If the cyst increases, the issue of its surgical removal will be considered - laparoscopically or by means of an abdominal incision, in order to avoid complications.

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Parovarian cyst and pregnancy

A parovarian cyst and pregnancy are usually not an obstacle to each other. Since such a cyst, if detected and treated in time, retains the ability to conceive a child. A parovarian cyst is formed not in the ovary itself, but in the tissues located near it. This cyst is benign, and if it is large, torsion, rupture, and suppuration are possible, as with other cysts, which causes complications.

A small parovarian cyst does not manifest itself clinically and is determined by chance during an ultrasound examination. It is better to remove such a cyst first and then plan a pregnancy. A parovarian cyst is often first determined during pregnancy, which requires very careful monitoring of it, since during pregnancy a parovarian cyst can grow and reach gigantic sizes (10–30 cm) due to hormonal changes in the body.

Therapy for such a cyst is only surgical, since the paraovarian cyst does not resolve either on its own or under the influence of drugs. Laparoscopic removal of the cyst is most often performed, less often laparotomy (incision of the anterior abdominal wall). When this cyst is first detected during pregnancy, it is recommended to remove it laparoscopically without waiting for the cyst to reach a large size.

Cervical cyst (endocervix) and pregnancy

Cervical cyst (endocervical cyst) and pregnancy are usually not an obstacle to each other. Cervical cyst (retention cyst) is a mucus-filled and dilated gland of the cervix, which occurs due to inflammation processes in the cervix and cervical canal, as a result of injuries and infections:

• abortions,
• childbirth,
• the presence of intrauterine devices,
• instrumental examination methods.

A cervical cyst does not degenerate into a malignant form, does not contribute to hormonal changes, does not affect the course of pregnancy and fetal development. But viruses and bacteria can develop in this cyst, which is accompanied by the development of an inflammatory process in the cervix, vagina, uterine cavity, in its tubes and ovaries, which can be a causative factor for an ectopic pregnancy or infertility. Also, large cysts in the cervix can cause a narrowing of the cervical canal, and this serves as an additional causative factor contributing to infertility. An endocervical cyst does not heal spontaneously or with the help of drugs; it must be removed - surgically or using a radio wave method, laser or cryotherapy.

A cervical cyst detected during pregnancy does not disrupt its course and the process of labor. Therapy for this cyst is performed after labor, when the bloody discharge stops. The cyst is opened and drained. Sometimes, if the cyst is located at the site of an incision (or rupture) of the cervix during labor, its integrity may be compromised and spontaneously opened.

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Placental cyst during pregnancy

A placental cyst during pregnancy is the result of an inflammatory process:

• early stages of pregnancy – the formation of a placental cyst is an adaptive reaction that protects against the effects of inflammation and is considered a normal variant (up to 20 weeks).
• The formation of a placental cyst in late pregnancy indicates a recent inflammatory process in the placenta.

The placental cyst has no blood supply and is separated from the entire placenta. In the case of single, small placental cysts, this does not affect the condition of the fetus. But if the cysts are multiple and large, placental insufficiency may be observed, the fetus may not receive enough oxygen, which will affect its development. In such cases, fetoplacental insufficiency is prevented by prescribing appropriate medications. The tactics of pregnancy management in the presence of placental cysts are chosen by an obstetrician-gynecologist.

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Functional cyst and pregnancy

A functional cyst and pregnancy can successfully coexist. This cyst is the most common form of cystic formation and one of the safest. It is usually small in size and capable of spontaneous resorption. It does not manifest clinical symptoms. A functional ovarian cyst is divided into:

• Follicular - formed at the site of egg maturation, in cases where ovulation has not occurred.
• Luteal - formed in place of the corpus luteum after the rupture of the follicle (corpus luteum cyst).

Pregnancy may occur against the background of a functional cyst. The presence of such a cyst during pregnancy usually does not disrupt its course and does not affect the development of the fetus. But sometimes, increasing in size, the cyst can cause complications - torsion of the cyst or ovary stalk, rupture of the cyst and hemorrhage, which is accompanied by a pronounced clinical picture - acute pain, decreased pressure, pale skin, cold sweat, etc. A complicated cyst requires emergency surgery. Therefore, the presence of a functional cyst in a pregnant woman requires strict monitoring using ultrasound throughout the pregnancy. In case of suspicion of a gradual increase in the cyst, the issue of its removal from the pregnant woman can be considered, without waiting for complications. But in some cases, a functional cyst resolves on its own during pregnancy.

Dermoid cyst of the ovary and pregnancy

Dermoid cyst of the ovary and pregnancy require careful monitoring. Dermoid cyst is a benign tumor of the ovary, occurs due to a violation of embryonic development. Dermoid cyst is represented by tissues of the human body - skin, hair, nails, teeth, etc. In 90% of cases, such a cyst is one-sided. A characteristic feature of a dermoid cyst is its constant, slow growth. Therefore, the sooner it is removed, the better.

When a dermoid cyst is first detected during pregnancy, it must be closely monitored. Such a cyst does not affect the development of the child, but it can complicate the course of pregnancy. Since the growth of the uterus is accompanied by some displacement of organs, including the dermoid cyst, which can lead to its torsion, strangulation and to its ischemic, necrotic changes or to a violation of its integrity. Therefore, a dermoid cyst detected during pregnancy is subject to removal. The cyst is removed after 16 weeks of pregnancy, unless there are indications for its earlier removal. Sometimes, at the discretion of the doctor, depending on the size of the dermoid cyst, an observation tactic for it is possible and it is removed after childbirth.

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Kidney cyst during pregnancy

A kidney cyst during pregnancy requires careful attention from the doctor.

• If the cyst is single (solitary), small and not complicated by renal hypertension, then pregnancy is possible, proceeds without complications and ends successfully.
• The presence of polycystic disease - a large number of cysts in both kidneys, is unfavorable for the course of pregnancy. Polycystic kidney disease is a hereditary disease, it is rare and the preservation of pregnancy in this pathology is decided on an individual basis, depending on the severity of functional disorders of the kidneys. Often, women with polycystic kidney disease are not recommended to get pregnant, since they are characterized by the early development of renal failure, which is aggravated by pregnancy and also exacerbates chronic pyelonephritis. In patients with polycystic disease, arterial hypertension and eclampsia often develop in the late stages of pregnancy, and it is also possible to pass this defect on to your child.
• With multiple cysts in the renal pyramids (spongy kidney), renal failure, as a rule, does not develop. This pathology is bilateral and is characterized by pain in the lumbar region, the presence of hematuria and pyuria. Pregnancy with this pathology is possible, its course is usually favorable. Exacerbation of pyelonephritis during pregnancy is possible.

Bartholin's gland cyst during pregnancy

A Bartholin's gland cyst during pregnancy is a limited accumulation of secretion in the gland located in the vestibule of the vagina, due to blockage of its duct. The cyst occurs due to:

• sexually transmitted infections - chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis,
• non-specific infections - streptococcus, E. coli,
• decreased immunity,
• violation of personal hygiene rules,
• injuries during hair removal,
• wearing tight underwear,
• the presence of chronic foci of infection in the body.

If the cyst is not complicated, it is practically painless and is a swelling in the area of the labia majora (its lower part). A small Bartholin's cyst is asymptomatic and is detected accidentally during an examination by a gynecologist.

There is a high probability of complications of the cyst - it increases in size, suppurates and forms an abscess. Which is clinically manifested by a deterioration in the condition, an increase in temperature, pain in the perineum. Therefore, a Bartholin gland cyst detected during pregnancy is subject to removal - it is punctured and the contents are aspirated (this applies to an uncomplicated cyst).

If there is a complicated cyst, it is opened and drained. In this case, antibiotic therapy may be prescribed, depending on the infection that caused it (specific or non-specific), since infections, especially specific ones - trichomonas, gonococcus, etc., can cause fetal development disorders. If there is no infection, which is confirmed by laboratory data, then dysbacteriosis is possible and it is necessary to normalize the vaginal microflora.

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Tooth cyst during pregnancy

A dental cyst during pregnancy is a serious enough disease that can worsen. A dental cyst in the early stages can only be detected radiologically, there are no clinical symptoms. Symptoms appear only when the cyst becomes complicated - it becomes inflamed and suppurates, and this is an additional source of infection that can negatively affect the course of pregnancy. In this regard, dentists recommend that before planning a pregnancy, an X-ray examination of the oral cavity be performed in order to promptly eliminate existing problems in the oral cavity and thus remove foci of infection.

A detected dental cyst must be removed, but, unfortunately, pregnancy is not a good time for such measures. Therefore, if it is possible to postpone surgical intervention, it is better to wait. But in case of inflammation and suppuration of the dental cyst, it is necessary to remove it immediately in order to eliminate the purulent source of infection, prevent its further spread, so as not to aggravate the course of pregnancy. Depending on the severity of the pathological process, the cyst will be removed separately, or the apex of the tooth will be resected, or the tooth will be removed together with the cyst.

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Pregnancy and breast cyst

Pregnancy and breast cysts are absolutely compatible. A breast cyst during pregnancy may disappear, remain unchanged, or increase. The appearance or increase of a breast cyst during pregnancy is associated with a change in the woman's hormonal state - an increase in estrogens and the hormone prolactin. But, as a rule, pregnancy and breastfeeding do not affect a breast cyst.

The presence of small cysts in the mammary gland during pregnancy does not require therapy. If a large cyst is noted, then the question of its puncture may be considered, followed by the introduction of air into the cyst cavity in order to stick its walls together.

Women with breast cysts are recommended to follow a balanced diet to normalize metabolism (the so-called anti-estrogenic diet) - lean meats, dairy products, fish, vegetables and fruits, cereals. It is necessary to minimize the intake of fatty foods, chocolate and coffee, which leads to an increase in cholesterol with subsequent additional formation of estrogens. Pregnant women with breast cysts should be regularly monitored by an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Thyroid Cyst and Pregnancy

Thyroid cyst and pregnancy, as a rule, do not complicate each other. Thyroid cyst often appears during pregnancy due to:

• lack of iodine in the body,
• changes in hormonal levels,
• decreased immunity,
• possible inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland,
• nervous tension.

With a small thyroid cyst, there are no clinical manifestations. When the cyst increases, due to compression of nearby organs, the following may be observed: sore throat, cough, difficulty swallowing, discomfort in the neck. If the cyst is complicated by inflammation and suppuration, then the temperature rises, the general condition worsens, which requires surgical intervention, but this happens extremely rarely. Basically, a thyroid cyst during pregnancy does not require therapy and does not complicate its course. But it is necessary to carefully monitor it throughout the pregnancy (palpation, thyroid ultrasound, blood test for thyroid hormones). In the case of a large uncomplicated cyst, its removal is postponed until the postpartum period.

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Coccygeal cyst during pregnancy

A coccygeal cyst during pregnancy is a very rare occurrence, as it occurs three times less frequently in women than in men. A coccygeal cyst (epithelial coccygeal tract) is a congenital malformation of the skin and is removed exclusively by surgery.

A cyst may exist for a long time and not show any symptoms. In case of complications of the cyst – the addition of a bacterial infection, suppuration, formation of a fistula, pain in the sacrococcygeal region appears, the temperature rises, general well-being is disturbed. In case of complications of the cyst, surgical intervention with subsequent antibiotic therapy is required. Therefore, if a coccyx cyst is detected before pregnancy, it is better to remove it on a planned basis, without waiting for complications. If a coccyx cyst is detected during pregnancy, then the issue of its therapy is decided by an obstetrician-gynecologist together with a surgeon.

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Vaginal cyst during pregnancy

A vaginal cyst during pregnancy most often occurs due to fluid secretion disorders. As a rule, a vaginal cyst is asymptomatic, but it needs to be monitored throughout the pregnancy. Usually, such a cyst is not removed during pregnancy. Sometimes pregnant women with a large vaginal cyst undergo a puncture and suction of its contents, but this does not last long, since the cyst subsequently fills with secretion again and increases. Its radical removal is performed after childbirth. In cases where a vaginal cyst can interfere with the process of childbirth through the natural birth canal, the pregnant woman undergoes a cesarean section.

Brain cyst during pregnancy

A brain cyst during pregnancy is not a common occurrence. If the cyst was present before pregnancy for a long time, then pregnancy may not affect it, but it is possible that the cyst will begin to increase in size. Quite often, in the presence of a brain cyst, as with any other pathology of the brain, a cesarean section is performed. Since it is the optimal method of delivery in conditions of brain pathology, both for the woman and for the child. Going to labor through the natural birth canal is dangerous, since the woman may lose consciousness, and during pushing, the cyst also tenses, which can lead to its rupture.

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Ovarian retention cyst and pregnancy

Retention cysts of the ovary and pregnancy are quite common and, as a rule, do not interfere with each other. Retention cysts occur due to blockage of the ducts of the ovarian glands, and this results in the accumulation of secretion. The cause of such cysts is most often an inflammatory process in the ovaries. Retention cysts can be follicular, luteal and paraovarian, and can also occur with endometriosis. The insidiousness of such cysts is that they may not manifest themselves in any way, and then become complicated and harm the body, so they require dynamic observation, especially during pregnancy. Although the majority of retention cysts are functional in nature, and they are able to resolve on their own, and do not have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy.

Paraurethral cyst during pregnancy

A paraurethral cyst (Skene's gland cyst) is formed near the opening of the urethra due to inflammatory processes or injuries. An uncomplicated cyst does not cause any clinical symptoms and is detected accidentally during a gynecological examination. A paraurethral cyst during pregnancy usually does not affect its course and the process of labor. Only in the case of its large size, it is possible to change the tactics of labor management towards a cesarean section, which is extremely rare. If the paraurethral cyst is not complicated by inflammation, does not cause pain, then it is not touched during pregnancy. Because after surgery, strictures and scar tissue may form, which may not withstand the load during labor, which will lead to ruptures of the labia minora and capture the paraurethral region and the urethra itself.

Rupture of a cyst during pregnancy

Rupture of a cyst during pregnancy is a very serious complication and occurs very rarely, in the case of untimely detection of the cyst and untimely request of the pregnant woman for medical help (late registration, lack of appropriate examinations).

A sharp deterioration in the general condition indicates a cyst rupture - an increase in temperature, acute pain in the lower abdomen, possible bleeding from the genitals, nausea, vomiting, impaired consciousness, pale skin, a drop in blood pressure. When a cyst ruptures, its contents can enter the abdominal cavity, which is accompanied by a high percentage of peritonitis. And this is a real threat to the health and life of both the pregnant woman and the fetus. This complication requires emergency surgical intervention. Therefore, in order to avoid such a formidable complication, it is necessary to register in a timely manner, undergo all necessary examinations and be under the strict supervision of an obstetrician-gynecologist throughout the pregnancy, especially if any, even the most harmless, cyst is detected.

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Is a cyst dangerous during pregnancy?

Is a cyst dangerous during pregnancy - a difficult question. No one knows how a cyst will change during pregnancy. The cyst may remain unchanged or even resolve, which happens in most cases and the pregnancy will end well. But if the cyst begins to increase in size, it becomes dangerous for the pregnant woman and the fetus, because it can become complicated and will have to be removed surgically during pregnancy to save the health and life of the pregnant woman and the child.

What to do if you have a cyst during pregnancy?

What to do with a cyst during pregnancy is a question that every pregnant woman who has a cyst asks herself. The main thing is not to panic, but to pay close attention to your condition and health, regularly undergo examinations by an obstetrician-gynecologist and tests (ultrasound, necessary laboratory tests). At the slightest changes in the body, inform the doctor in order to promptly diagnose the problem and begin therapy, and prevent possible complications of the cyst (torsion, rupture, bleeding). And thus protect yourself and the health of your future child.

What to do if the doctor confused pregnancy with a cyst?

It is impossible to confuse pregnancy with a cyst, especially during an ultrasound examination. Only a very inexperienced and incompetent specialist can make such a mistake.

Treatment of cysts during pregnancy

Treatment of a cyst during pregnancy is usually not performed, especially if it is a functional and small cyst that can disappear on its own. Basically, during pregnancy, an observational tactic is chosen with regular ultrasound examination. But with growing cysts, when there is a risk of complications (torsion, rupture, bleeding), a puncture of the cyst with aspiration of the contents or removal using laparoscopy, less often laparotomy, with subsequent prescription of antibiotic therapy can be performed. Surgical removal of the cyst is performed in the second trimester of pregnancy (after 16-18 weeks), removal at earlier stages increases the risk of miscarriage.

Laparoscopy of ovarian cyst during pregnancy

Laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst during pregnancy, if necessary, is the most optimal and safe method of removing the cyst, both for the pregnant woman and the fetus. Laparoscopy is a low-trauma surgical operation that provides excellent visibility and a significant increase in internal organs with small openings in the anterior abdominal wall. Using a trocar, three openings are made in the anterior abdominal wall, a camera is inserted into one opening, through which the image will be displayed on the monitor, special surgical instruments are inserted into the other two openings, with the help of which the cyst is removed.

Cyst removal during pregnancy

Removal of a cyst during pregnancy is most often performed in emergency cases when the cyst is complicated by torsion, inflammation, bleeding, and it is necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman and the fetus. Removal of a cyst in a pregnant woman can be performed using laparoscopy (most often) and laparotomy - through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall. Anesthesia can be local, regional, and general. The choice of anesthesia depends on each individual case and the scope of the surgical intervention.

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