Coxsackie-viral infection and miscarriage
Last reviewed: 23.04.2024
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The high risk of vertical transmission of enteroviruses, mainly Coxsackie viruses, was established in the presence of spontaneous miscarriages, stillbirths and complications such as the threat of termination of pregnancy. This served as the basis for a hypothesis about the etiological relationship of habitual miscarriage with the chronic form of Coxsackie-viral infection. For many, autoimmune diseases, the etiological relationship with Coxsackie virus infection (rheumatism, myocarditis, diabetes) has been proven.
Enteroviruses - RNA containing, are included in the family Picornaviridae. The genus of enteroviruses is represented by Coxsackie A viruses (24 types), Coxsackie B (6 types).
ECHO (34 types) is the last entero-72 pathogen of hepatitis A. A characteristic biological feature of Coxsackie viruses is their pathogenicity relative to newborns. In the experiment, Coxsackie viruses cause severe cerebral lesions of the parenchymal organs, the systemic nature of pathology is lost in animals with age.
In humans, enteroviruses cause poliomyelitis, influenza-like diseases, fever with gastrointestinal syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, but most often they are the causative agents of latent infection without any characteristic clinical picture. The first publication on intrauterine Coxsackie B-virus infection appeared in the 50's.
Based on virological and serological studies, the possibility of transplacental transfer of these viruses was proved.
Intrauterine infection of the fetuses with acute infection in mothers has been described by many authors. In children, the CNS, heart, liver and pancreas were affected. In acute disease in early pregnancy, enteroviruses cause the death of an embryo or fetus, spontaneous miscarriage, prematurity. The high risk of congenital enterovirus infection is determined not by acute enterovirus disease, but by the presence of a persistent form of enterovirus infection in a woman.
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