A child begins to speak late

If you are worried that the child does not start talking, first of all make sure he hears. We guarantee the reliability of this test.

Development of the speech of the child. Already after the first few months of life, language (speech) differentiation occurs. At this time, Chinese babbling children are quite clearly different from European babbling babies. At the age of a year, such "babbling" is already given out by combinations of sounds, similar to words, but not important

Approximately at the age of one year a child can pronounce a few words quite meaningfully. At the age of one and a half years the child has combinations of two words, for example "dad, go". At the age of 2 years the child is already building proposals from three members - the subject, the verb, the complement - "I want a pie". By the age of 3 1/2 years, the child is practically familiar with thinking, language, abstract thinking and elements of inference; at that time his dictionary is about 1000 words. He can build such proposals as - "I, perhaps, will give her a piece of cake, or she will get angry." During the rest of our life, there is little that is significant compared to the intellectual and linguistic activity of these years. Further linguistic development of the child is devoted to conceptually more small problems, such as mastering the subjunctive mood, expanding its vocabulary and entertainment with conflicting hypotheses: "If I had not thrown my hat on the ground, I probably would have been given a piece of cake."

The time parameters of speech development in a child are very variable, therefore, first of all it is important to understand - what is the deviation from the norm?

Vocabulary. If the child reaches the age of 3 years with a margin of words less than 50, then the following violations can be suspected.

• Speech dyspraxia, especially if a telegraphic style is noted in speech, is indistinct and negative behavioral reactions (frustration) occur.
• Expressive dysphasia.
• Audiopremotional syndrome - a child can not correctly express sounds that are correctly audible, due to a violation of motor control of the larynx and breathing. Instead of babbling, the child is silent, he can neither speak, stammering, nor singing.
• Respiratory-laryngeal dysfunction (dysphonia due to improper vibration of the vocal cords). The voice is loud and coarse.
• Congenital aphonia (it is rare): the voice is weak and "thin", although a lot of effort is spent to reproduce it.

Clarity of speech. By 2 1/2 years the mother should already understand the child's speech throughout the day. If this is not the case, one can suspect the following.

• Articular dyspraxia (light consonants "b" and "m" are labial, and "d" is lingual, this is the phonetic component of "babbling"). This is the most common problem of the formation of clear speech. Boys suffer more often (3: 1 ratio). The reason is most likely that the frenum of the tongue is too short, so the child has difficulty in pronouncing sounds that require language lifting ("d" and "c"). Help in such cases, either speech exercises, or surgical intervention on the frenum of the tongue.
• Audioprimotor syndrome or respiratory-laryngeal dysfunction (see above).

Understanding speech. By 2 1/2 years the child should understand the speech addressed to him. If he does not understand it, then one should suspect:

• deafness. If the hearing is broken (for example, a loss of 25-40 decibels), then one should think about the possibility of secretory otitis media. Even greater loss of hearing is probably sensory-neural;
• impaired cognition;
• deprivation (lack of this ability).

Other causes of speech disorders. There are congenital and acquired causes of speech disorders.

Purchased:

• after meningoencephalitis;
• after head injury;
• With Landau-Klefiner syndrome (progressive loss of speech and epilepsy).

Congenital:

• Klinefelter's syndrome;
• galactosemia, histidemia;
• auditory agnosia

Treatment of speech disorders. To address to doctors it is necessary as soon as possible and to begin treatment in preschool years.