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Acute infectious enteritis in dogs
Last reviewed: 04.07.2025
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Enteritis is an infectious process occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by a sudden onset of vomiting and diarrhea, rapid pulse, fever, lethargy, and depression. The vomit and diarrhea may contain blood. Dehydration occurs rapidly. Dogs under one year of age and over 10 years of age are particularly susceptible to the effects of dehydration and shock.
The most common cause of infectious enteritis in dogs is parvovirus. In some cases, salmonella, E. coli, and campylobacter are also involved.
The bacterium Clostridium perfringens causes hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in dogs. This disease begins suddenly, with vomiting, followed by profuse bloody diarrhea 2-3 hours later. Small breeds, especially miniature schnauzers and toy poodles, are predisposed to hemorrhagic gastroenteritis.
Symptoms similar to acute enteritis can be caused by waste poisoning, as well as ingestion of poisonous substances and toxic chemicals. If diarrhea and vomiting occur simultaneously, the dog’s condition is considered severe and requires an immediate visit to the veterinarian.
Treatment: Rapid replacement of fluid and electrolytes is necessary. Intravenous fluids may be needed. Antibiotics may be given to kill the bacteria causing the enteritis. Medications to control vomiting and/or diarrhea may also be needed.
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