Diet #7 for children, adults and pregnant women

The numbering of diets, invented by scientist M. Pevzner, assigned the lucky seventh number to a gentle diet for kidney diseases. Diet table No. 7 is prescribed to patients with kidney problems outside of an exacerbation - to restore the water-salt balance and eliminate swelling. Why does this happen and how can diet No. 7 help sick kidneys?

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Indications

Indications for prescribing diet No. 7 are the following kidney diseases:

• acute inflammation in the recovery phase;
• chronic inflammation outside of exacerbation;
• renal failure;
• metabolic disorder;
• tendency to edema.

When the kidneys are not working properly, urine partially or completely stops being formed or excreted. This causes disturbances in water-salt, osmotic, acid-base homeostasis, which is fraught with malfunctions of all systems of the human body.

Diet No. 7 is designed to ease the load on diseased organs, reduce hypertension, and stimulate the processes of removing waste and toxins from the body. Diet table No. 7, in combination with therapeutic procedures, is designed to normalize the activity of the excretory system, eliminate pain and swelling of the legs, and prevent complications and relapses.

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Diet No. 7 for kidney diseases

Indications for diet table No. 7 are acute nephritis, renal failure, and metabolic disorders. Diet No. 7 for kidney diseases is prescribed by a doctor; it is not too strict, which allows the patient to eat varied and tasty food. The main thing is to abstain from salt and fat. Therapeutic diet No. 7 is also preventive: it balances the water and salt balance and prevents leg swelling.

Lean meat and fish are preferred: chicken, veal, rabbit, cod, perch, pollock, pike, perch, pike perch. Nothing fatty, smoked or salted, canned food, caviar are allowed.

• Eggs can be added to dishes, but since they contain protein, when including them in the daily diet, the amount of other protein products - meat and fish - should be reduced accordingly.

Fresh and sour dairy products are included in diet No. 7. The exception is fatty cheeses.

• Bread, pastries, cereals, and pasta are allowed without restrictions, but only if they are without spices and salt.

Fruits are desirable products, in any form, and low-fat ones are preferable for desserts. Chocolate is prohibited.

• The vegetable group is allowed in any processing, with the exception of spicy vegetables and greens - onions, garlic, radishes, sorrel, spinach. Canned and salted products are not included in the healthy menu.

Light coffee, diluted fresh juices, various teas are good for the kidneys. Sweet carbonated drinks and mineral drinks with a high percentage of sodium are prohibited.

• In addition to pure salt and products where it acts as a preservative, therapeutic nutrition excludes the consumption of mushrooms, legumes, horseradish, mustard, and industrially produced sauces.

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Diet No. 7 for pyelonephritis

According to the author's definition, therapeutic nutrition for pyelonephritis corresponds to diet No. 7. Doctor Pevzner believed that a gentle regime of food load creates optimal conditions for the activity of the excretory system, helps reduce swelling and pressure, and removes excess metabolic waste.

Diet No. 7 for pyelonephritis has a positive effect on metabolism not only in the kidneys, but also in the patient's other internal organs. With this disease, the removal of toxic compounds and the preservation of metabolic products useful for the body are difficult. Diet table No. 7, the principles of which are as follows, helps solve this problem:

1. Limitation of proteins, fats and carbohydrates – within physiological norms.
2. Food should be fortified with vitamins.
3. Caloric content – up to 2700 kcal.
4. Liquid is limited.
5. Processed foods – without restrictions, but fried foods – in moderate doses.
6. There is no need to chop the products.
7. 4-5 times a day feeding regimen for uniform functioning of the digestive tract and excretory system.
8. The dishes are prepared without salt. The patient receives a separate dose of salt for independent use. The exact amount is determined by the doctor.
9. Alcohol is strictly contraindicated, since it burdens the kidneys, slows down the elimination of metabolic products and fluid, and aggravates the severity of the pathological process.
10. The food temperature is normal, without any special conditions or requirements.
11. Products that shift acidity towards alkaline are useful.
12. Foods that irritate the urinary system and excite the nervous system are prohibited.

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Diet No. 7 for glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the glomeruli and tubules of the interstitial tissue of the kidneys. Indications for the use of diet No. 7 for glomerulonephritis are the chronic form during the attenuation period, the acute form during the recovery period, nephropathy of pregnant women, and other pathologies in which salt-free diet No. 7 is used.

The task of nutrition in renal pathologies is to provide the organ with rest, reduce pressure and swelling, stimulate the excretion of nitrogenous and under-oxidized metabolic products. Diet table No. 7 partially limits protein, sodium chloride, free liquid, irritating and stimulating components, rich broths, products enriched with essential oils and oxalic acid. The energy value is individually determined by the doctor prescribing diet No. 7; it usually fluctuates within the range of 2750 - 3150 kcal. Food is consumed five times a day.

• The food is prepared without salt, in a crushed form. Fish and meat are fried after preliminary boiling. This method is used to remove extractive substances harmful to the patient from the products.

It should be noted that therapeutic nutrition has variants 7a and 7b. The first is prescribed at a certain time in severe acute glomerulonephritis, at the onset of moderate disease, and also in obvious renal failure.

The second type is shown after diet 7a. In many ways they are identical, but there are differences. Thus, option 7a provides for the inclusion in the daily diet of a 50-g portion of boiled meat or fish, a glass of milk, an egg or 100 g of cottage cheese.

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Diet No. 7 for chronic renal failure

Chronic failure occurs due to complications of diseases and progressive bilateral impairment of renal function. The body accumulates end products of lipid metabolism, causing self-poisoning. The diet for chronic renal failure is designed to perform very numerous tasks, depending on the clinical and laboratory indicators of a particular patient.

• In the initial phase of the disease, protein is slightly limited, at a rate of approximately 1 g per 1 kg of body weight. Vegetable proteins are preferable, which are abundant in bread, nuts, legumes, and cereals. They are more easily excreted from the body, and the abundance of alkaline ingredients in such food prevents acidosis.

The energy value of diet No. 7 is provided by carbohydrates and fats. The food is unsalted, a dose of salt of 5-6 grams is allocated to the patient separately. The amount of liquid should be sufficient for the effective removal of metabolic waste. One day a week is recommended to be a fasting day, for example, on watermelons, apples, pumpkin or potatoes.

Diet table No. 7 for severe renal failure differs from the usual one by a sharp reduction in the amount of proteins: up to 20–40 g. Moreover, more than two thirds should be animal lipids – as a source of essential amino acids.

The energy value is replenished with dairy and vegetable fats and carbohydrates. To improve the taste, spices, herbs, and natural juices are used. The amount of salt is reduced by half: to 2–3 g.

The body receives a supply of liquid in the form of soup, diluted juices, and hydrocarbonate mineral waters. It should not exceed the volume of urine excreted yesterday by more than half a liter.

Food is boiled, meat and fish dishes are fried only after preliminary boiling. Anything that irritates the diseased organs is excluded, including strong drinks (hot and alcoholic).

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Diet No. 7 for nephroptosis

Nephroptosis is the prolapse of the kidney. Together with the therapeutic course, diet No. 7 for nephroptosis plays a vital role in achieving the desired result - returning the organ to its normal location. Diet No. 7 can prevent the development of pathology and its transformation into renal failure. It is prescribed individually for the purpose of:

• improve the elimination of metabolic waste;
• reduce the load on the problem organ;
• ensure sufficient fluid intake;
• limit the intake of harmful components;
• optimize your diet and eating habits in general.

Diet table No. 7 helps eliminate swelling, normalize blood pressure, and balance the water and electrons. The peculiarity of the therapeutic table is the minimal amount of salt, proteins, and phosphorus.

• Sodium puts an undesirable strain on the kidneys. Due to the inability of the problematic organ to process salt, the patient suffers from severe thirst.
• The ban on proteins is due to the fact that its waste products turn into urea, which weakened kidneys are unable to remove in time.
• Phosphorus washes out calcium and provokes osteoporosis, which is undesirable in any case, especially with nephroptosis.

The patient is recommended to enrich the diet with unsaturated fatty acids, which slow down the development of kidney pathologies. The caloric content of the diet is controlled, the prerequisite is weight maintenance.

An important point is the vitaminization of the menu. It should be taken into account that vitamins B and C are needed more, A - less. A diet for a prolapsed kidney should not lead to weight loss or vitamin deficiency.

A patient with nephroptosis should eat frequently, at least 5 times, consuming a fist-sized portion at a time. Chew food thoroughly, in a calm environment.

Nutritional recommendations:

1. Control the amount of salt, add salt to the finished dish before eating, not during cooking.
2. Drink 0.8 liters of liquid. In addition to water, rosehip infusion, tea with milk, and weak coffee are allowed.
3. It is necessary to eat vegetable dishes and fresh fruits every day.
4. Cook food by steaming or boiling.
5. Add dill, cinnamon, citric acid, and caraway to spicy foods.

A patient with a prolapsed kidney is forced to give up fatty meats and fish, mushrooms, smoked meats, chocolate, cakes, asparagus, pepper, horseradish, sorrel, mustard, pickled and canned goods, products with preservatives and synthetic additives.

Diet #7 for kidney stones

Kidney stones are concretions formed as a result of metabolic disorders and urinary tract function. The causes are water saturated with salts, acute poisoning. A very common problem, every third person on the planet is familiar with it. Diet No. 7 for kidney stones is an integral component of complex therapy.

A properly composed diet No. 7 corrects metabolism, prevents deposits of new stones, reduces the load on the kidneys. It is composed based on the clinical picture, the severity of the process, the presence of edema, and also depending on the structure of the stones, among which urates and oxalates are most often observed, less often - phosphates and mixed stones.

However, there are general rules and restrictions that apply to all kidney patients. These criteria form the basis of a diet called "diet table No. 7".

• In case of urolithiasis, irritating foods should be excluded.
• If a lot of proteins are removed from the body through urine, then to replenish them, the diet is enriched with protein-containing products.
• If chronic deficiency is observed, then proteins in the diet, on the contrary, are reduced.
• In case of severe swelling, salt is limited as much as possible and liquids are partially limited.
• The daily food intake is divided into 4-5 times.
• When using diuretics, increase the amount of potassium-containing foods (dried fruits, baked potatoes).
• Cream, eggs, and sour cream are shown in limited quantities.

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General information diets number 7

Diet No. 7 has the following features:

• Daily caloric intake is not less than 3500 kcal.
• Fractional nutrition – up to six times.
• Meat and fish products should be boiled and then fried or baked.
• Drinking volume: up to 1 l.
• Do not add salt to food, this is especially important if you have hypertension.

The essence of diet table No. 7 is also to limit not only salt, but also proteins - a source of toxins that the kidneys must constantly neutralize. At the same time, all spicy dishes, extractive substances of meat, mushrooms, fish, seasonings, sources of essential compounds and oxalic acid, as well as alcoholic beverages, which are especially harmful to the kidneys, are limited.

• Many people have questions related to the ban on salt. What can replace it so that bland food is not monotonous and tasteless? There are recommendations on this matter from nutritionists and advice from experienced people who are used to undersalting all dishes, not just diet ones.

Some products, including meat, contain their own salt, which is quite enough for a sick person. With some skills, taste buds normally perceive unsalted potatoes, buckwheat, vegetables, and their taste without salt is truly revealed.

Other spices help to partially imitate saltiness: coriander, cumin, herbs, pepper in minimal dosage. Seaweed, which is salty in itself, can also be useful in this sense.

Diet #7 for children

There is a special diet No. 7 for children, the principles of which do not differ from the nutrition of adult patients. Depending on the condition of a small patient with diseased kidneys, he is prescribed one of three options of diet table No. 7: a, b or c.

The most severe renal pathology in children is acute glomerulonephritis. It can develop in the second or third year of a child's life. Diet table No. 7 in this case is designed to spare the inflamed organ.

In the first days, it is recommended to adhere to diet 7a with a transition, after a few days, to 7b. In the acute phase, drinking is limited, salt is excluded, fish and meat are served after boiling. A fruit and sugar menu is indicated, then dairy and vegetable food and eggs are introduced. During the period of improving the functional abilities of the kidneys, nutrition according to table 7b is prescribed. The restrictions are the same, but, along with boiled products, vegetarian soups are allowed. Diet 7c begins after the acute symptoms subside, with the beginning of the restoration of the functional capabilities of the diseased organ. During this period, the presence of salt in food is already allowed.

• One of the common childhood pathologies is pyelonephritis. This is an inflammation of the renal tissue, covering the pelvis.

In acute pyelonephritis, the child is kept on a fasting diet for two days with plenty of fluids: up to 2 liters. Fresh compotes and vegetable decoctions, tea, juices, fruits are recommended. Melon and watermelon are especially useful. Then dairy and vegetable food, drinks from lingonberries, cranberries are prescribed. Foods that cause flatulence, spicy vegetables, spices are not allowed.

As the child's health improves, they are allowed to eat lean meat and fish dishes, eggs, and homemade fermented milk products. Salty, smoked, and fried foods, which are generally harmful for all children, are excluded from the diet of every child who has had kidney disease for a long time.

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Diet #7 during pregnancy

Properly organized nutrition during pregnancy helps to reduce toxicosis, reduce the load on the kidneys and heart, prevent excess weight, and most importantly - serves as a guarantee of successful childbirth and the birth of a healthy baby. Diet No. 7 during pregnancy is prescribed in the presence of edema and renal pathologies, including pyelonephritis.

Diet table No. 7 excludes fatty, spicy, sour, salty, smoked products and dishes from the list of permitted ones, as well as food with diuretic properties. These include, in particular, watermelons and cucumbers, beans and radishes, onions and garlic, sorrel and spinach. Coffee, confectionery, teas are outside the list of diet No. 7, but are allowed in limited quantities: in cases where the expectant mother cannot bear it without them.

• Instead of unhealthy food, women are offered other vegetables and fruits, properly cooked lean meats and fish (steamed, in the oven). Milk and vegetarian soups, fruit drinks, light tea with milk are allowed without restrictions.

Approximately the same diet is useful for swelling of the hands and feet. It is important that the dietary nutrition for pregnant women does not limit the consumption of quality water - regular or still bottled. You should absolutely refuse sweet drinks that cause increased thirst and the desire to drink more of the sweet colored drink.

In case of severe swelling, the doctor may recommend a salt-free diet. Thirst is quenched faster if you drink the drink in small sips. Watermelons, citrus fruits, apples, and a decoction of parsley roots effectively support the functioning of the urinary organs of a pregnant woman.

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Benefits

Diet No. 7 is a gentle nutritional system that eliminates water-salt imbalance and swelling of the legs associated with kidney problems.

The therapeutic diet called "diet table No. 7" has its own subtleties, the observance of which allows us to talk about the obvious benefits of the diet for a kidney patient. For example, it limits the intake of proteins, lipids and sugar. The key word is limitation, not prohibition, so the patient does not feel much discomfort.

The main condition is to cook food without salt. Its intake into the body is controlled by a doctor, the amount can vary from 3 to 6 g per day. The daily volume of liquid consumed is also reduced.

• Since common salt is considered the main enemy of patients with kidney disorders, the minimum amount of salt in dietary products and dishes prepared from them prevents water retention in the body and relieves the kidneys. In combination with medications and other procedures, such food has a beneficial effect on the body as a whole and vulnerable organs in particular.

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What can and what can not?

The question of what can you eat naturally arises for every person who is prescribed therapeutic nutrition. Diet No. 7 is no exception. Having heard that food should be unsalted, some patients do not imagine that diet table No. 7 can be tasty and varied. In fact, everything is not so scary; without salt it is possible not only to survive, but also, with some skills, even to enjoy food. For some people, after diet No. 7, the habit of undersalting food becomes permanent for the rest of their days.

Why is that? Firstly, some products, even those that are not salty to taste, contain natural sodium chloride in quantities sufficient for the body's vital functions. Meat, buckwheat, potatoes, and vegetables can be eaten unsalted, discovering their natural taste and aroma. Small quantities of herbs and spices partially replace salt.

List of recommended products:

• bread without salt, pancakes, fritters;
• soups seasoned with butter or sour cream; dairy - limited;
• lean fish, boiled and fried, stuffed, jellied;
• milk, cottage cheese, fermented milk products;
• eggs;
• cereals and pasta in various preparations;
• potatoes in different varieties;
• processed vegetables and fresh salads;
• lean meats, tongue – boiled, baked, chopped;
• sauces and gravies – sour cream, milk, tomato;
• jelly, kissel, honey, ice cream, candy;
• from spices - citric acid, vanillin, vinegar, cinnamon;
• fruits and berries – in any form;
• drinks include fresh juices, teas, light coffee, and rosehip infusion.

What shouldn't you eat?

The second question, no less important when compiling diet table No. 7, is what you can’t eat? The short answer is that the kidney diet excludes all products containing table salt. The list of prohibited foods, which includes the following products and dishes, will tell you more about the restrictions of diet No. 7:

• all kinds of broths, including bean broths;
• fatty meat without pre-boiling;
• lard;
• smoked products, canned goods, sausages and hot dogs;
• long-life fish, caviar, canned goods;
• cheese, chocolate;
• onions, sorrel, spinach, garlic, pickled vegetables;
• pepper, horseradish, mustard, hot snacks;
• strong coffee, mineral waters with sodium, cocoa;
• all alcoholic beverages;
• sweet sodas.

When buying products for home cooking, remember that salt is contained in many of them, for example, in cheeses, pasta. Therefore, they are excluded from the patient's diet. Store-bought bread is also not suitable, so it is necessary to buy special salt-free or bake diet bread at home.

Contraindications

Depending on the indications and contraindications, during the treatment period the doctor can adjust the menu of dietary table No. 7 and its variations. This is a purely individual process that is not subject to standards.

The products prohibited by diet No. 7 are introduced gradually, bringing the diet to the norm. Haste in this matter is unacceptable, since it can negatively affect the rate of recovery of the patient.

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Possible risks

In patients with kidney pathologies, diet-related risks arise in the presence of concomitant diseases (diabetes) or physiological conditions (pregnancy). The doctor should be informed about this by the patient. Other risks can be discussed in the context of non-compliance with diet No. 7.

Conscious adherence to the dietary regimen, known as diet table No. 7, helps to speed up treatment, improve the patient’s well-being and health.

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Complications

Following diet No. 7 normalizes blood pressure and water-electrolyte balance, which prevents possible complications.

Failure to follow dietary table No. 7 may result in the development of paranephritis, urolithiasis, purulent inflammation and sepsis, renal failure, and bacteriotoxic shock.

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Menu for a week with diet #7

Like other therapeutic tables, diet No. 7 involves planning a diet. The general option is suitable for chronic progression of the process or at the recovery stage. However, the menu for a week with diet No. 7 can differ significantly depending on the individual tastes and preferences of a person.

When making recommendations, the doctor takes into account the actual data on the state of health in general and the kidneys in particular. Therefore, any variants of dietary table No. 7 are an example, not a dogma. And there are also varieties of therapeutic nutrition, designated by the initial letters of the alphabet.

With five meals a day, the table can consist of the following dishes.

1.

Breakfast: egg, homemade cheese with sour cream, light tea.

2nd breakfast – baked apple.

Lunch: vegetable soup, potato and meat casserole, compote.

Afternoon snack: warm rosehip infusion with crackers.

Dinner: pilaf, fresh vegetable salad, tea.

2.

Breakfast: buckwheat, dried fruits, tea.

2nd breakfast – baked pumpkin, rosehip drink.

Lunch – first course with rice and vegetables, meatballs, jelly, compote.

Afternoon snack – kefir.

Dinner: fish, mashed potatoes, salad, tea.

3.

Breakfast: egg, carrot cutlets with sour cream, tea.

2nd breakfast – cottage cheese, sour cream.

Lunch: beetroot soup, vegetable stew with turkey, jelly.

Afternoon snack: fermented baked milk with crackers.

Dinner: rice, fish, salad, tea.

4.

Breakfast – steamed omelette, fresh vegetable salad, tea.

2nd breakfast – apple pudding.

Lunch: fish soup, potatoes with veal, compote.

Afternoon snack – baked fruit, kefir.

Dinner: pasta with sour cream sauce, salad, rosehip infusion.

5.

Breakfast: oatmeal, cottage cheese with sour cream, tea.

2 breakfast – apple.

Lunch: cereal soup, stewed rabbit, mashed potatoes, compote.

Afternoon snack: uzvar with dry biscuits.

Dinner: potato and carrot casserole, croutons, rosehip tea.

6.

Breakfast: sweet pilaf, carrot cutlets, tea.

2nd breakfast – cottage cheese soufflé.

Lunch – soup with vegetables and pearl barley, buckwheat with boiled chicken, salad, compote.

Afternoon snack – fruit pudding.

Dinner: corn grits porridge, potato cutlets with sour cream, rosehip tea.

7.

Breakfast: millet porridge with dried fruit, egg, tea.

2nd breakfast – beetroot salad.

Lunch: vegetable soup with noodles, steamed cutlets with mashed potatoes, salad, compote.

Afternoon snack: yogurt.

Dinner: cottage cheese and buckwheat porridge, rosehip tea.

Recipes for Diet No. 7

Therapeutic diet No. 7, created by gastroenterologist Pevzner, despite its strictness, does not force the patient to suffer from hunger. The only inconvenience is the lack of salt in the food. But there is good news: many are sure that such food reveals its own flavor bouquet. And in fact, it does not reduce the variety of dietary table No. 7. Such restrictions are a completely bearable price for accelerating the recovery of diseased organs.

• We offer recipes for dishes for diet No. 7 for children, which adults may also like.

1. Potato cutlets. Rub the boiled and peeled potatoes hot through a sieve, mix with an egg (1 pc. per 200 g of potatoes), roll in breadcrumbs with flour. Place the formed cutlets on a baking sheet, previously greased with oil, and bake in the oven.
2. Pumpkin casserole. Per serving: 400 g pumpkin stewed with 40 g cereal, pour in an egg beaten with a fork, 200 g milk, 50 g sour cream, 10 g butter, 20 g syrup. Bake in a frying pan greased with butter and sprinkled with breadcrumbs. Grease with sour cream on top.
3. Diet pilaf. Prepared from rice, raisins, prunes. For 70 g of rice take 10 g of dried fruits, butter and sugar, 150 ml of water. Washed and peeled cereals are boiled until half-ready. Dried fruits are pre-steamed, plums are cut into pieces. Mix everything together and evaporate until ready in the oven, under the lid.

• The following recipes are intended primarily for adult patients.

1. Homemade cheese pudding. Boil semolina in milk (1 tbsp. per 50 ml), stirring continuously. After cooling, mix with 20 g of butter, 400 grated cottage cheese, 4 yolks. Vanilla, sugar - to taste. Bake in a greased form or steam. Pour jam or fruit syrup over the finished pudding.
2. Vegetarian borscht. For 1.5 liters of water take grated carrots, diced potatoes, 2 handfuls of shredded cabbage, white onion. Boil beets and grate separately. Before the end of cooking add 2 grated fresh tomatoes. For taste add a little sugar, herbs, sour cream.

Reviews

In the reviews of patients who, for one reason or another, followed diet #7, users share their own feelings and advice on how to get used to unsalted food, what to replace the seemingly irreplaceable spice with. They advise changing the attitude to food and enjoying the natural taste of ingredients.

• To improve the taste of food, patients use citric acid, various greens, and permitted sauces. Some have learned to bake homemade salt-free bread.

By giving up fried foods and other dietary restrictions, people notice a decrease in body weight and high blood pressure.

Doctors are convinced of the effectiveness of dietary table No. 7 and that it reduces the duration of drug treatment for patients.

Doctors always recommend a gentle diet to patients with kidney problems – diet No. 7, without which it is almost impossible to achieve progress in treatment. It involves limiting some products and completely eliminating others. The list of permitted foods in dietary table No. 7 includes components that provide temporary rest and “respite” to problematic organs. At the same time, dietary table No. 7 provides full caloric content and nutritional value of the diet.