Diet for high blood glucose

Diabetes is an insidious and complex medical problem. The disease often involves the nervous system in the pathological process, affects blood vessels, disrupts metabolism and the functioning of internal organs. The increase in sugar levels occurs due to the inability to absorb insulin as a result of pancreatic dysfunction (a special hormone is not produced).

In the case of diabetes, treatment alone will not be enough; patients need to follow a diet combined with physical activity. The diet for high glucose is based on the following principles:

• fasting is unacceptable, as it can catastrophically reduce the quantitative content of glucose;
• the daily diet is divided into 4-6 full meals, without snacks;
• food should be balanced with sufficient amounts of raw vegetables and fruits;
• preference is given to low-calorie, low-fat foods;
• consumption of sweets is not excluded, but reduced to a minimum;
• patients should increase their stress resistance and avoid conflicts, as they increase the amount of sugar;
• completely give up smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.

The accumulation of insulin in the blood is influenced by: obesity, excessive cholesterol levels, liver dysfunction, the presence of chronic pancreatitis and genetic predisposition.

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What is the diet for high glucose?

In each specific case, a diet for high glucose is developed individually, based on the specific gravity, age and gender of the patient, identified concomitant pathologies, individual sensitivity to products and type of professional activity.

Healthy nutrition for a diabetic is based on the correct distribution of proteins (up to 25%), carbohydrates (up to 50%) and fats (up to 35%). The total mass is carbohydrate food, but it should be remembered that it is divided into:

• simple carbohydrates (honey, fruits) – fructose and glucose, which increase sugar levels, and therefore their consumption is limited;
• complex carbohydrates – from cereals and vegetables, the consumption of which is required by diabetics.

The permissible proportion of fats in meals depends on the level of physical activity and body mass index. What is the diet for high glucose? It is advisable to consume vegetable fats, and animal fats (lard, lard, butter, etc.) are eaten in small portions for lunch. Consumption of cheese products is also minimized. With high glucose, dairy and fermented milk products with low fat content (0.5-1.5%) are avoided.

One should not forget about sufficient amounts of protein foods – beans, nuts, soy, peas, etc. The diabetic diet should be rich in vitamins and microelements.

Diet for high glucose: menu for every day

The basis of the diabetic diet is fresh vegetables, but it is important to remember that some of them affect the glucose level, these include: eggplant, cabbage, beets, carrots, beans and onions. It is necessary to eat raw vegetables: potatoes, carrots, radishes, onions. Low-calorie products that normalize water-salt balance and do not affect the glucose level are especially useful: tomatoes, cranberries, bell peppers, greens, celery, lemons, mushrooms, cucumbers (fresh or salted).

Berries and fruits are an irreplaceable source of vitamins, fiber and microelements. They should be eaten in 4-5 meals and only after the main meal, and the daily norm is no more than 300 grams. Give preference to sour or sweet and sour gifts of nature with a minimum of simple carbohydrates (grapefruit, apple, watermelon, strawberries). Exclude dried fruits.

Diet for high glucose:

• bakery products – from coarse flour (bran, rye bread, etc.). Prohibited – cakes, pastries, white bread;
• low-fat dietary meat/fish is allowed - preferably steamed, boiled or jellied;
• Cereals - rich in vitamin B, vegetable protein, microelements. In first place for diabetics will be: rice, oatmeal, buckwheat. Allowed: pearl barley and wheat. Do not cook semolina;
• eggs - can be soft-boiled, in the form of an omelet, as an ingredient in various dishes;
• honey – with the permission of the attending physician, but no more than 2 teaspoons per day;
• milk – with the doctor’s permission, up to 2 glasses;
• fermented milk products (kefir, yogurt, etc.) – in limited quantities;
• cottage cheese – is useful in any form (casserole, cheesecakes, etc.), as it normalizes liver function and promotes balance in fat metabolism;
• cheeses, cream, sour cream – limit consumption.

Minimize consumption of sweets, chocolate, sugar, raisins, grapes, and figs.

Diet for high glucose: menu:

• first meal – low-fat cottage cheese, coffee without sugar or herbal tea;
• second meal – wheat bran in the form of a decoction, salad, diet bread;
• for lunch – vegetable soup, steamed/boiled meat, buckwheat porridge, cabbage salad, rosehip infusion;
• second lunch – omelette, fresh apple;
• in the evening – boiled/steamed fish, vegetable cutlets with herbs, green/herbal tea;
• Before bed – kefir or milk.

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Diet for high glucose: recipes for every occasion

The diabetic diet is built individually, so it is necessary to visit a nutritionist to create your daily menu. The doctor takes into account the patient's taste preferences, allergic reactions, as well as the type of diabetes and the quantitative content of glucose. Steamers and multicookers come to the aid of diabetics, preserving the maximum amount of useful substances and opening up new taste qualities of familiar products.

Not only a diet for high glucose, but also adherence to nutritional rules are the key to recovery:

• you need to eat at the same time every day, without skipping meals, avoiding snacks;
• chew thoroughly, enjoy your food;
• do not overeat, stop before you are full;
• Drink more clean, fresh water.

Diagnosis of diabetes is not a reason to give up your favorite diet, but only the need to adapt dishes by changing the amount of salt, fat and sugar consumed. It is necessary to limit, but not completely give up sweets with a simultaneous increase in the total amount of fiber consumed.

Diet for high glucose: recipes:

• first courses are vegetable and mushroom soups (can be made with chicken/beef broth), rassolnik, lentil soup, etc. As for the frying, you can fry onions and mushrooms in vegetable oil for 3-5 minutes. A version of soup with mushrooms and sauerkraut: you will need onions, pearl barley, mushrooms, carrots, sauerkraut. Soak the pearl barley overnight, drain the water and boil, add the mushrooms. Fry the onions and carrots in vegetable oil for a couple of minutes and add to the soup. Add the cabbage 10 minutes before the end of cooking (you can pre-fry it in a frying pan). Season with salt and spices to taste;
• salads - from fresh vegetables, greens, can be with chicken, fish, seasoned with yogurt, olive oil. An example of a salad with chicken and avocado: boiled/baked chicken breast is cut into pieces, half a cucumber, grate one apple (without skin), avocado is peeled and cut into slices, half a lemon is added, chopped spinach is added, greased with olive oil;
• meat dishes – prepared from lean fish/meat, preferably steamed or baked in the oven. For example, chicken cutlets with oatmeal in sour cream sauce: mince the chicken meat in a meat grinder, pour boiling water over the flakes and let them swell, then mix with the meat, add an egg, salt and knead the mince. Form the cutlets, place them in a mold, pour in a small amount of water, cook in the oven for about half an hour. Mix milk (fat content 0.5%) and low-fat sour cream (no more than 15% fat), add salt and garlic, pour this mixture over the cutlets and bake for about 10 minutes;
• desserts are the most painful issue for diabetics. If possible, replace sugar with fructose (other sugar substitutes), avoid fatty, creamy creams, sour cream and cottage cheese, use only low-fat ones. A version of cottage cheese casserole: for half a kilo of low-fat cottage cheese, take two spoons of semolina or rolled oats, an egg, 1-2 apples, fructose to taste.

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Diet for high glucose: table

The glycemic index of food and drinks is a vital unit for diabetics, showing the speed of carbohydrate breakdown. All food can be divided into three groups depending on the rate of glucose breakdown:

1. high speed (70 and above) is the most dangerous food for diabetics;
2. average (70-50);
3. lower (50 and below) – recommended diet for high blood glucose.

Diet for high glucose table showing the glycemic index and caloric content of foods using vegetables as an example:

Product	Glycemic index	Kcal in 100g
Parsley, basil	5	49
Asparagus/spinach/dill	15	22/31
Lettuce/onion/tomato fresh	10	17/48/23
Fresh cucumbers	20	13
Cabbage/broccoli fresh	10	25/27
Radish	15	20
Stewed cabbage/sauerkraut	15	75/17
Stewed cauliflower/red pepper	15	29/31
Green pepper	10	26
Raw carrots	35	35
Lentils/beans boiled	25/40	128/127
Vegetable stew	55	99
Boiled beetroot	64	54
Baked pumpkin/fried zucchini	75	23/104
Boiled potatoes/mashed potatoes	65/90	75/92
French fries/fried potatoes	95	266/184

A diabetic patient needs to be able to adapt their usual meals to the treatment program. A diet for high glucose requires replacing most of the ingredients:

Dish component	Substitute
The meat is fatty	Lean meats, without fat
Chicken with skin	White meat without skin, boiled or baked
Roast	Baked, grilled
Butter	Vegetable
Canned fish	Fish in brine
Cheese	Low-fat cheeses
Cream cheese	Low-fat cottage cheese
Milk/fermented milk products	Fat-free or low-fat
Sugar	Minimal or sugar substitutes
Premium flour	Coarse grinding
White rice	Brown rice
Pasta	Pasta made from whole wheat
Boiled vegetables	Raw vegetables
Dry breakfasts	Whole grain breakfast cereals with bran
Salt	Lemon juice
Soy sauce	Low salt soy sauce

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Diet for high glucose during pregnancy

During pregnancy, gestational diabetes often occurs, which creates a risk of miscarriage at an early stage and is fraught with congenital defects for the baby.

A pregnant woman should definitely visit a nutritionist to create an individual dietary restrictions plan. The diet for high glucose during pregnancy is based on reducing the number of calories consumed without compromising nutritional value. Basic rules for eating:

• You should eat regularly, without skipping 5-6 meals, in small portions;
• forget about semi-finished products and fast food (sausages, mashed potatoes, etc.);
• enrich your diet with plant fiber - cereals, raw vegetables and fruits, rice, porridge;
• exclude fatty and fried foods, smoked foods, and canned foods;
• do not consume foods that increase sugar levels - figs, persimmons, butter creams, baked goods, etc.;
• replace animal fat with vegetable fat;
• It is preferable to cook in a steamer, multicooker, oven or grill;
• Make sure you drink enough clean water per day (at least 1.5 liters);
• Make sure that your body is getting enough microelements and vitamins.

In case of morning sickness, stock up on salty cookies, which should be eaten in the amount of one piece before getting out of bed. The diet for high glucose during pregnancy is supplemented with a set of physical exercises that help control weight and improve the action of insulin. Insulin therapy can only be prescribed by the attending physician if the diet does not bring the expected effect and the glucose level does not decrease.

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